Pecado, Hormiga & Scharff, 2005

Hormiga, Gustavo & Scharff, Nikolaj, 2005, Monophyly and phylogenetic placement of the spider genus Labulla Simon, 1884 (Araneae, Linyphiidae) and description of the new genus Pecado, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 143 (3), pp. 359-404 : 397-398

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00147.x

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10545250

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D97887B6-FFF3-D97E-F52C-C97A9670FC06

treatment provided by

Diego

scientific name

Pecado
status

gen. nov.

PECADO View in CoL View at ENA GEN. NOV.

Type species: Labulla impudica Denis, 1945

Etymology

Derived from the Spanish word ‘pecado’ (sin) in reference to widespread practice of erecting monotypic genera, especially in the Linyphiidae , in absence of a phylogenetic justification. The noun is masculine in gender.

Diagnosis

Males of Pecado can be distinguished from other linyphiid species by the presence of two cymbial processes ( Figs 14A, B View Figure 14 , 15B View Figure 15 – arrow; Denis, 1945; p. 13 and figs 26–28), one at the base of and the second in the dorsal median region of the cymbium, the bladelike projection of the proximal branch of the paracymbium ( Fig. 14A View Figure 14 ) and the unusual coiling direction of the embolus. In Pecado impudicus the embolus coils anticlockwise (left palp, ventral view) for about one turn and then clockwise for almost its remaining length ( Fig. 14B View Figure 14 ).

Description

Since the genus is monotypic, the description is given under Pecado impudicus .

Phylogenetics

See comments about its phylogenetic placement under the Discussion section.

Natural history

Unknown.

Composition

One species, Pecado impudicus ( Denis, 1945) .

Distribution

Algeria.

PECADO IMPUDICUS ( DENIS, 1945) View in CoL

( FIGS 14 View Figure 14 , 15 View Figure 15 )

Labulla impudica Denis, 1945: 52 , figures 26–28

Type: Male holotype, label reads ‘ 1898.8.16. 34–50 (part) Labulla impudica J. Denis , Cape Verde, St. Vincent, Porto Grande. F. Cambridge’ (in BMNH, examined; the specimen is in poor condition and the right palp is missing). The type locality information, given on the label inside the vial with the holotype (handwritten by Denis), does not agree with the type locality data published by Denis (1945: 13): ‘ Algérie, Alger, 1 male (C. Hirst, 1911)’. Denis (1945: 1) states at the beginning of his paper on North African spiders that ‘during the course of a study of the spiders of the Canary Islands and the Cape Verde Islands ( Denis, 1941) I was able to examine part of a collection from the British Museum consisting of an assembly of specimens collected by a diversity of naturalists in very diverse regions of northern Africa’. Given the absence of additional specimens, it is impossible at this point to know with certainty the origin of the holotype of Labulla impudica . Nevertheless, it seems conceivable that during his study of the British Museum Canary and Cape Verde Islands specimens Denis mislabelled a specimen from Algeria, also from the British Museum, as coming from the Cape Verde. It seems logical to argue that if L. impudica had been collected in the Cape Verde Islands Denis would have published his description in his 1941 paper, where all other Cape Verde spiders were dealt with.

Diagnosis

See above, under genus description.

Description

Male (holotype): Most legs broken off, and cephalothorax and abdomen separated. Cephalothorax 1.98 long, 1.47 wide. Sternum 1.13 long, 0.93 wide. Abdomen 2.26 long, 1.04 wide. Cephalothorax and chelicerae brown, darker in cephalic area. Black rings around all eyes. Sternum brown. Legs same colour as cephalothorax, but with dark rings (annulations). Abdomen light grey, with dark grey pattern. Cheliceral stridulatory striae absent. AME diameter 0.14. Clypeus height 1.93 times one AME diameter. Chelicerae with four widely spaced prolateral teeth of variable size and two retrolateral teeth of variable size. Legs broken off, with several segments missing. It is therefore not possible to provide measurements of Femur I length and Tm I. Pedipalp as in Figures 14 View Figure 14 , 15 View Figure 15 . Pedipalpal tibia with two prolateral and two retrolateral trichobothria, a dorsal process (with numerous macrosetae) and an ectoventral process ( Fig. 14A View Figure 14 ). Cymbium with two processes ( Figs 14A, C View Figure 14 , 15B View Figure 15 ), one at the base (with a pointed apex) and the second on the dorsomedian region (with a rounded apex, Fig. 15B View Figure 15 – arrow). Paracymbium U-shaped, with a blade-like projection or crest running along dorsal region from the proximal branch through the median region ( Fig. 14A View Figure 14 ). Paracymbium with ventral margin of proximal branch sclerotized and continuous with ectal cymbial margin but connected to cymbium by means of a membrane. Tegulum with a crest or sclerotized membrane on its apical region ( Fig. 14A View Figure 14 ). Suprategulum with a blunt and very short distal apophysis hidden behind the terminal apophysis ( Fig. 15D, E View Figure 15 ) and a pointed ectal apophysis ( Fig. 15E View Figure 15 ). Radix a small enlargement of the embolus base ( Fig. 15D View Figure 15 ). Terminal apophysis in mesal position, with a long and thin process ( Figs 14B View Figure 14 , 15D View Figure 15 ). Lamella characteristica with two long falciform processes, one anteriorly directed and the other posteriorly orientated but curving ectally in its distal portion ( Figs 14A, B View Figure 14 , 15A View Figure 15 ). Embolic membrane small, anteriorly directed, and located between the anterior process of the lamella and the terminal apophysis ( Fig. 15D View Figure 15 ). Embolus filiform and extremely long ( Figs 14B View Figure 14 , 15C View Figure 15 ), coiling anticlockwise (left palp, ventral view) for about one turn and then clockwise almost its remaining length.

Female: Unknown.

Distribution

Only known from the type locality in Algeria (see comments under ‘Type’) .

Natural history

Unknown.

Material examined

Only the holotype.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Linyphiidae

Loc

Pecado

Hormiga, Gustavo & Scharff, Nikolaj 2005
2005
Loc

Labulla impudica

Denis J 1945: 52
1945
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