Rhopalus maculatus (Fieber, 1837)

Rohanová, Markéta & Vilímová, Jitka, 2019, Nymphal development of Rhopalus maculatus and Chorosoma schillingii (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhopalidae: Rhopalinae) and development of trichobothrial pattern in Rhopalidae, Zootaxa 4564 (2), pp. 367-390 : 384

Rhopalus maculatus

First instar ( Figs. 19 , 46 , 48–52 ). Sternum 3: median long trichobothrium, middle precursor seta, and lateral precursor seta medially, in wide V-shaped pattern. Sternum 4: median long trichobothrium, middle short trichobothrium, and lateral long trichobothrium medially in transverse line. Sternum 5: median precursor seta, middle long trichobothrium, and lateral long trichobothrium laterally in transverse line. Sternum 6: median precursor seta, middle long trichobothrium, and lateral long trichobothrium laterally in transverse line. Sternum 7: only two setae present, median precursor seta and lateral long trichobothrium laterally in transverse line.

Second instar ( Figs. 20 , 53–57 ). Sternum 3: median long trichobothrium, middle short trichobothrium, and lateral precursor seta in wide V-shaped pattern. Sternum 4: median long trichobothrium, middle short trichobothrium, and lateral long trichobothrium in transverse line. Sternum 5: median short trichobothrium, middle long trichobothrium, and lateral long trichobothrium in transverse line. Sternum 6: median short trichobothrium, middle long trichobothrium, and lateral long trichobothrium in transverse line. Sternum 7: only two trichobothria present, median short trichobothrium and lateral long trichobothrium in transverse line.

Third instar to adult ( Figs. 21–23 , 58–62 ). Sternum 3: median long trichobothrium, middle long trichobothrium, and lateral short trichobothrium in wide V-shaped pattern. Sterna 4–7: trichobothrial pattern identical to that of 2 nd instar.

Figures

FIGURES 19–23. Rhopalus maculatus, nymphal instars (ventral view of abdomen; right half of figure = natural left side of body, with real chaetotaxy except trichobothria, only their alveoles illustrated as open circle; left half of figure only with symbols illustrating trichobothrial pattern): (19) 1 st instar. (20) 2 nd instar. (21) 3 rd instar. (22) 4 th instar. (23) 5 th instar. Scale bars: 19–21 = 0.5 mm, 22, 23 = 1.0 mm. Lettering: II–VII, abdominal segments; Fs, flattened seta; Sp, spiraculum; Tp, thorn-shaped process; solid circle and short seta, precursor seta; open circle and short seta, short trichobothrium; open circle and long seta, long trichobothrium; black, distinctly pigmented structure.

FIGURES 45–47. Detailed view of base of long trichobothrium and precursor seta in alveoles, 1 st instar (SEM): (45, 47) Chorosoma schillingii. (46) Rhopalus maculatus. (45) base and alveole of long trichobothrium. (46, 47) alveole and precursor seta. Lettering: Ps, precursor seta; Tl, long trichobothrium.

FIGURES 48–62. Rhopalus maculatus, detail of abdominal trichobothria (ventral view; SEM, real situation, schemes on Figs 19-23): (48–52) 1 st instar. (53–57) 2 nd instar. (58–62) 5 th instar. (48–53, 58–61) right side of abdominal venter. (54–57, 62) left side of abdominal venter. (48, 53, 58) sternum 3. (49, 54, 59) sternum 4. (50, 55, 60) sternum 5. (51, 56, 61) sternum 6. (52, 57, 62) sternum 7. Lettering: Ps, precursor seta; Sp, spiraculum; Tl, long trichobothrium; Ts, short trichobothrium.