Euthycaelus cunampia, Echeverri & Gómez Torres & Pinel & Perafán, 2023

Echeverri, Mariana, Gomez Torres, Sebastian, Pinel, Nicolas & Perafan, Carlos, 2023, Four new species of mygalomorph spiders (Araneae, Halonoproctidae and Theraphosidae) from the Colombian Pacific region (Bahia Solano, Choco), ZooKeys 1166, pp. 49-90 : 49

Euthycaelus cunampia sp. nov.

Figs 20 , 21 , 22

Type material.

Holotype ♂: Colombia, Chocó, Bahía Solano, Jardín Botánico del Pacífico, 6.38, -77.40, elevation 124 m a.s.l., 10-25 February 2022, M. Echeverri, S. Gómez Torres and C. Perafán leg. (ICN 12364).

Etymology.

The specific epithet Euthycaelus cunampia is a patronym in honor of the family name of Don José and Don Antonio, members of the Emberá indigenous community, from Mecana, Chocó. Mr. José and Mr. Antonio abandoned their hunting traditions for their community to become touristic and academic guides for the JBP. We want to pay tribute to their community and to the JBP with this recognition.

Diagnosis.

Males of Euthycaelus cunampia sp. nov. can be distinguished from all other Euthycaelus species by the following combination of morphological features: the shape of the palpal bulb (Fig. 22A-E ), with subtegulum widely separated from tegulum, embolus elongated, broadened medially, and tip dorsoventrally flattened, with numerous prolateral keels near the apex and without denticles. Copulatory bulb of E. cunampia sp. nov. resembles males of E. quinteroi Gabriel & Sherwood, 2022, but differs by the wider embolus (Fig. 22C-E ) with a curved inner edge (straight in E. quinteroi ), and additionally by a higher number of maxillary cuspules (ca. 200 vs. 150) and labial cuspules (ca. 300 vs. 200). Additionally, males and females (alive) with carapace and legs black covered by light brown setae, and tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi covered with very light setae (Fig. 20 ).

Distribution.

Known only from the type locality (Figs 1 , 2 ).

Description.

Male holotype (Figs 20 - 22 ). Total length: 20.78. Chelicerae basal segment: length 2.63, width 1.73. Carapace: elongated, length 10.45, width 8.51; cephalic area slightly raised. Abdomen: ovoid, length 9.66, width 6.41. Spinnerets: PLS with three segments, total length 4.66 (basal 1.74, middle 1.30, apical digitiform 1.62); PMS with one segment, length 1.0. (Fig. 21 ).

Clypeus: absent. Ocular tubercle (Fig. 21A ): ovoid, slightly raised, length 1.1, width 1.98. Anterior eye row procurved, posterior eye row slightly recurved. Eyes sizes and interdistances: AME 0.60 (circular), ALE 0.50 (oval), PME 0.39 (subcircular), PLE 0.45 (oval), AME-AME 0.11, AME-ALE 0.13, ALE-ALE 1.22, PME-PME 0.98, PME-PLE 0.02, PLE-PLE 1.47, AME-PME 0.04, ALE-PLE 0.13. Thoracic fovea (Fig. 21A ): slightly procurved, width 1.69; narrow, deep, 6.86 from the anterior edge of carapace. Chelicerae basal segment: with ten well-developed teeth on each furrow promargin, and a group of ca. 30 small teeth on proximal area of each furrow. Intercheliceral tumescence absent. Maxillae (Fig. 21D ): longer than wide, with ca. 200 cuspules located at anterior inner corner. Labium (Fig. 21D ): sub-rectangular, length 0.70, width 1.82, with ca. 300 cuspules on anterior edge, evenly distributed. Labio-sternal junction: narrow in the midline with two lateral mounds. Sternum (Fig. 21C ): rounded, length 4.34; width 4.32, slightly raised on anterior middle area, with three pairs of oval sigillae heavily sclerotized. Sigillae: proximal pair circular, distal pairs oval; proximal pairs separated by its diameter from the edge, posterior pair separated by more than its diameter.

Legs pattern: IV>I>II>III. Lengths of legs and palpal segments on Table 5 . Tarsal claws: STC with row of small teeth, ITC absent on all legs. Tarsal scopulae: tarsi I and II entire, III and IV divided by longitudinal band of conical setae. Metatarsal scopulae extent: I almost fully scopulated (90%), II distal 3/4 (75%), III more than distal half (60%), IV distal half (50%) sparsely scopulated proximally. Trichobothria: tarsi with two rows of clavate trichobothria, each with ca. 25, interspersed with filiform trichobothria of different sizes. Tarsus IV slightly cracked at midpoint. Femur III: slightly incrassate. Plumose setae on retrolateral face of femur IV: absent. Stridulatory bristles: absent. Urticating setae: absent.

Spination (proximal to distal). Cymbium and tarsi without spines. Femora: palp d 0-0-1p; I d 0-0-1p; II d 0-0-1p; III d 0-0-2p-r; IV d 0-0-1r. Patella: I-II, IV and palp 0; III r 0-0-1d. Tibiae: palp p 0-0-1d, r 0-0-7; I v 0-0-1, p 0-0-1; II v 0-0-2 (ap), p 0-0-1; III d 1-0-2, v 1-2-2 (ap); IV d 2-1-2, v 2-2-3 (ap). Metatarsi: I v 1-0-3 (ap); II v 1-0-3 (ap); III d 1-2-2, v 1-2-3 (ap); IV d 1-2-2, v 1-2-4 (3 ap).

Palp (Fig. 22 ): palpal bulb elongated, wide, subtegulum widely separated from tegulum, tegulum strongly curved, with elongate embolus tip dorsoventrally relatively flattened, and with numerous prolateroventral keels (Fig. 22A-E ). Palpal tibia (Fig. 22G ): heavily incrassate with seven distal megaspines, arranged in two rows. Palpal cymbium: two asymmetrical lobes, the retrolateral larger and the prolateral elongated and laterally flattened. Tibia I: with paired tibial apophysis (Fig. 22F ), RB longer than PB; PB with one short and developed megaspine with a pointed apex, RB with one short subapical and developed megaspine with a pointed apex (Fig. 22F ). Metatarsus I: straight, otherwise unmodified, when flexes it passes on the retrolateral side of the RB.

Coloration. Living spider: carapace black, covered by brown setae; palp and legs black, femora and patellae darker; tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi covered by very light setae; abdomen brown (Fig. 20 ).

Female. Unknown.

Remarks.

Euthycaelus cunampia sp. nov. represents the first published record of the genus and subfamily Schismatothelinae outside the Andean Region and the Eastern Cordillera for Colombia. This species constitutes the northernmost and westernmost record of the genus and subfamily for the country. Previously, the genus had a characteristic cis-Andean distribution over the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia and the Cordillera de Mérida in Venezuela ( Valencia-Cuéllar et al. 2019). The geographic range of the genus Euthycaelus was recently extended with the publication of E. quinteroi from Panama, which is distributed in the same biogeographical region as E. cunampia sp. nov., in the Darien Gap, Chocó Biogeographical Region. This record extended the distribution of the genus to Central America. These latest records disrupt the distribution of the Euthycaelus , now being interpreted as a disjunct distribution, offering new evidence of historical connections between the Pacific humid forests and the Andean forests of the Eastern Cordillera.

Figures

Figure 1. Tropical rainforest of the Jardin Botanico del Pacifico, Colombian Choco Biogeographic Region A aerial view of the forest and the Pacific Ocean B overhead view of the forest.

Figure 2. Type locality of Euthycaelus cunampia sp. nov, Melloina pacifica sp. nov., Neischnocolus mecana sp. nov., and Ummidia solana sp. nov. A Geographic location of the Jardin Botanico del Pacifico (JBP), Choco, Colombia B, C habitat.

Figure 20. Euthycaelus cunampia sp. nov., holotype male, habitus.

Figure 21. Euthycaelus cunampia sp. nov., holotype male A carapace B abdomen, dorsal view C sternum and coxae D labium.

Figure 22. Euthycaelus cunampia sp. nov., holotype male A-E palpal bulb A ventral view B dorsal view C prolateral view D retrolateral view E detail of prolateral keels F tibial apophysis on leg I, prolateral view G palpal tibia. Arrow indicates prolateral keels. Abbreviations: PB = prolateral branch, RB = retrolateral branch.