Taeniogonalos taihorina (Bischoff, 1914)

Chen, Hua-yan, van Achterberg, Cornelis, He, Jun-hua & Xu, Zai-fu, 2014, A revision of the Chinese Trigonalyidae (Hymenoptera, Trigonalyoidea), ZooKeys 385, pp. 1-207 : 113-120

Taeniogonalos taihorina (Bischoff, 1914) Figs 518-548

Nanogonalos taihorina Bischoff, 1914: 93; Tsuneki 1991: 58; Weinstein and Austin 1991: 421.

Taeniogonalos taihorina ; Carmean and Kimsey 1998: 68.

Poecilogonalos yuasai Teranishi, 1938: 178; Weinstein and Austin 1991: 423. Synonymized by Tsuneki 1991 with Taeniogonalos maga . Syn. n.

Poecilogonalos maga taiwana Tsuneki, 1991: 55-56. Syn. n.

Type material.

Holotype of Poecilogonalos taihorina , ♀ (ZMB), "[China:] Formosa, Taihorin, X.[19]10, H. Sauter S.G.", "taihorina Bisch.*, det. Bischoff", “Type”. Holotype of Poecilogonalos yuasai , ♀ (OPU), "[Japan: Honshu,] Tôkyô-hu, Hikawa, 4.X.1936, H. Yuasa", " Poecilogonalos yuasai Teranishi, (Ty[p]es)", "Type specimen", " Taeniogonalos maga (Teranishi, 1929), ♀, det. Carmean ‘96”. Holotype of Poecilogonalos maga taiwana , ♀ (OMNH), "[China: Taiwan,] Arisan, 10.X.1912, I. Nitobe", “3241”, " Poecilogonalos maga taiwana Tsuneki, ♀, holotype".

Additional material.

1 ♀ (ZJUH), "[China:] Heilongjiang, Mt. Dailing, 24.VII.1977, Jun-hua He, No. 771709"; 1 ♀ (SCAU), "[China:] Heilongjiang, Yichun, Fenglin Nature Reserve, 22.VII.2008, Yi-ping Wang, SCAU 127"; 1 ♂ (ZJUH), "[China:] Gansu, Dandchang, Daheba, 2530 m, 31.VII.2004, Qiong Wu, 20047038"; 1 ♂ (ZJUH), "[China:] Gansu, Langzhou, 19.VII.1980, You-zheng Wang, 853598"; 1 ♀ + 3 ♂ (SCAU) "[China:] Ningxia, Mt. Liupan, Qiuqianjia, 9-11.VII.2009, Guang-yue Wang, SCAU 019; id., but 2.VII.2008, Jing-xian Liu, 200800778; id., but 8.VII.2008, 200801032, 200801040"; 1 ♂ (SCAU), "[China:] Ningxia, Mt. Liupan, Hongxia Forestry Farm, 1-7.VII.2008, Jie-Min Yao, 200808928"; 1 ♂ (SCAU) id., but 1.VII.2008, Jing-xian Liu, 200800701; 1 ♂ (SCAU) "[China:] Ningxia, Pengyang, Guamagou, 9.VII.2008, Jing-xian Liu, 200801050"; 1 ♂ (SCAU) "[China:] Hubei, Shennonjia, 2.VI.2010, Mao-ling Sheng, reared from Vibrissina turrita ( Diptera : Tachinidae ) parasitizing Arge pullata ( Hymenoptera : Argidae ), SCAU 360"; 2 ♀ + 1 ♂ (ZJUH) "[China:] Zhejiang, Mt. Tianmu, 18.VI.1983, Yun Ma, 831379; id., but 12.VI.1993, 934326; id., VIII.1981, Xue-xin Chen, 816314; 3 ♀ + 16 ♂ (ZJUH, RMNH), "[China:] Zhejiang, Mt. Tianmu, Xianrending, 1509 m, 1.VII.2001, Mei-hua Piao, 200106397 –200106403”; id., but 28-29.VII.2003, Xue-xin Chen, 20034488, 20034516; id., but 2-4.VI.1990, Xin-geng Wang, 902855, 902857; id., but 5.X.1998, Ming-shui Zhao, 20057338, 200010700; id., but 20.VII.1998, MT, 992749; id., but 14.IX.1998, 200010704, 200010705, 200010682, 200010685; 1 ♀ + 2 ♂ (ZJUH), "[China:] Zhejiang, Longquan, Mt. Fengyang, 27.VI.2007, Sheng-long Liu, 200704940, 200704941; id., but 30.VI.2007, 200704934"; 1 ♀ + 2 ♂ (ZJUH, RMNH), id., but 30.V.2007, 200704935, 200704938; id., but 11.VII.1984, 8433556; 1 ♂ (ZJUH, RMNH) "[China:] Zhejiang, Mt. Tianmu, Xianrending, 5.IX.1998, MT, Ming-shui Zhao, 200010701; 1 ♂ (ZJUH) "[China:] Zhejiang, West Mt. Tianmu, Laodian–Xianrending, 1250-1506 m, 6.VI.1989, Xin-geng Wang, 892773"; 1 ♀ + 1 ♂ (ZJUH) "[China:] Zhejiang, Songyang, 15-17.VII.1989, Jun-hua He, 894126, 894073"; 1 ♀ (ZJUH) "[China:] Fujian, Fuzhou, 25.IV.1991, Chang-ming Liu, 966572"; 1 ♂ (ZJUH) "[China:] Taiwan, Nantou, Mt. Lu, 19.VI.2011, Pu Tang, 201101478"; 1 ♂ (ZJUH) "[China:] Sichuan, Wolong National Nature Reserve, 21.VII.2006, Hong-ying Zhang, 200610801"; 2 ♂ (ZJUH) "[China:] Sichuan, Pingwu, Baimazhai, 24.VII.2006, Zhi-lei Gao, 200610893; id., but 25.VII.2006, Hong-ying Zhang, 200611106"; 1 ♂ (ZJUH) "[China:] Tibet, Lage–Hanmi, 12.VI.2009, Jiang-li Tan, 200908326"; 1 ♀ (ZJUH) "[China:] Yunnan, Dali, Yunlong, 3.VI.2009, Jiang-li Tan, 200906647"; 1 ♀ (IZCAS) "[China:] Guangxi, Jinxiu, Jinzhong Road, 1100 m, 12.V.1999, Wen-zhu Li, SCAU 343"; 1 ♂ (IZCAS) "[China:] Guangxi, Jinxiu, Yonghe, 500 m, 12.V.1999, De-cheng Yan, SCAU 098".

Diagnosis.

Outer side of supra-antennal elevations comparatively steep (angle about 45°) and elevations about 0.5 times as long as scapus and area between elevations distinctly concave (Figs 520, 531, 542); occipital carina narrow, non-lamelliform and smooth medio-dorsally or nearly so (Figs 520, 531, 542); head anteriorly and posteriorly, mesosoma dorsally and pronotum laterally entirely black (Figs 519, 520, 524); notauli crenulate posteriorly (Fig. 524), rarely indistinctly so; middle mesoscutal lobe similarly coloured to lateral lobes, yellow latero-posteriorly, black or yellow laterally and black medially (Figs 524, 535, 545); scutellum entirely black (Fig. 524); metanotum of male black medially or with pair of yellow (often small) patches; anterior half of fore wing only below pterostigma or subapically dark brown and remainder subhyaline (Figs 522, 533, 544); propodeal foramen comparatively narrow and more arched than in Taeniogonalos formosana (Fig. 524); second sternite of male flattened medio-posteriorly and bicoloured or entirely black; third sternite of female simple (Fig. 528); metasoma dorsally black with yellowish pattern (Figs 538, 546).

Description.

Holotype of Taeniogonalos taihorina , female, length of body 5.7 mm (of fore wing 5.0 mm).

Head. Antenna with 22 segments; frons densely punctate and medium-sized smooth interspaces; vertex punctate with mostly wide smooth interspaces and shiny (Fig. 520), with medium-sized setae; temple largely smooth with sparse fine punctures (Fig. 523), but less sparsely near eye; head subparallel behind eyes, eye in dorsal view as long as temple (Fig. 520); occipital carina narrow, non-lamelliform, smooth (Fig. 520); supra-antennal elevations medium-sized (about 0.5 times as long as scapus), outer side oblique (angle about 45°) lamelliform and with some punctures (Fig. 520); area between elevations distinctly concave (Fig. 520); clypeus shallowly concave and thick medio-ventrally.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.4 times its height (Fig. 525); mesopleuron densely and finely punctate-rugose but smooth posteriorly, with satin sheen; transverse mesopleural groove medium-sized, shallow and distinctly crenulate; notauli narrow, deep and finely crenulate posteriorly; middle lobe of mesoscutum transversely rugose, lateral lobes spaced rugose and with satin sheen (Fig. 524); scutellar sulcus complete, narrow and narrowly crenulate; scutellum densely rugose but superficially coriaceous-rugulose posteriorly, convex laterally and near level of mesoscutum, flattened medially and posteriorly; metanotum medially weakly convex and coriaceous-rugulose (Fig. 524); propodeum laterally obliquely rugose and medially longitudinally rugulose bot posteriorly smooth (Fig. 524); posterior propodeal carina thick lamelliform and medium-sized, foramen narrower and more arched than in Taeniogonalos formosana (Fig. 524) and 1.4 times higher than wide basally.

Wings. Fore wing: vein 1-M 1.3 times as long as vein 1-SR (Fig. 522), distinctly curved and vein 1-SR widened anteriorly; second submarginal cell about twice as long as third cell.

Metasoma. First tergite 0.5 times as long as apically wide, smooth and with shallow wide oval depression medially (Fig. 524); second tergite superficially punctate and with vague transverse elements anteriorly, other tergites largely densely punctate (Fig. 524); second sternite densely punctate; second sternite strongly convex and medio-posteriorly gradually lowered and only apical rim densely setose in lateral view (Fig. 527); third sternite distinctly depressed posteriorly and sparsely punctate.

Colour. Black; ventrally outer orbita narrowly yellow (inner orbita black or dark brown); supra-antennal elevations dark brown (Fig. 520), clypeus and head posteriorly black; mandibles largely dark brown, but dorsally yellow; mesosoma laterally black or dark brown except for dorsal yellow patch of pronotal side; middle lobe of mesoscutum with pair of narrow brownish stripes anteriorly; tegulae brown; scutellum laterally and axilla black; metanotum black or dark brown; propodeum black (Fig. 524); first tergite dark brown medio-posteriorly, remainder of metasoma black or nearly so (Fig. 526); palpi brown; antenna; mainly dark brown; apex of trochanters, trochantelli largely, anterior stripe on fore tibia, base of all femora and apex of fore femur pale yellow; remainder of tibiae and tarsi more or less dark brown; pterostigma and apical half of marginal cell of fore wing largely and area below it infuscate; remainder of wing membrane subhyaline (Fig. 522).

Male. Length of fore wing 5.2-6.6 mm; body black, but sixth and seventh tergites ivory and genitalia dark brown; apex of first tergite black or ivory, second tergite apically ivory or only laterally with pale patch; second sternite distinctly flattened medially; tyloids linear.

Variation. Holotype of Taeniogonalos yuasai has head densely punctate dorsally, mandible entirely dark brown, hind trochanter entirely ivory, scutellum teratological (it has a deep median depression), vein 2-SR with extra vein, fifth and sixth tergites with pair of ivory patches. Second submarginal cell of fore wing 1.4-2.0 times as long as third cell.

Biology.

Reared from Vibrissina turrita ( Diptera : Tachinidae ) parasitizing Arge pullata ( Hymenoptera : Argidae ). Hyperparasitoid of Tachinidae in Argidae ( Li et al. 2012). Collected in April–October at 500-2530 m.

Distribution.

China (Heilongjiang, Gansu, Ningxia, Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan, Hubei, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet); Russia (Far East); Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu).

Notes.

The holotype of Poecilogonalos maga taiwana differs mainly by having the postero-dorsal corner of the pronotum and a pair of small elongate patches on the mesoscutum anteriorly ivory and the body is comparatively weakly sculptured.