Pheidole Westwood
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23462 |
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https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6182511 |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DA98E7C9-D47F-6757-44AF-0C9129E8E27F |
treatment provided by |
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scientific name |
Pheidole Westwood |
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Pheidole Westwood View in CoL View at ENA HNS , 1839
Taxonomy. The genus Pheidole HNS is placed in the tribe Pheidolini HNS (for its complete taxonomic history see Bolton (2003) and Bolton et al. (2006)). North Vietnamese species of the genus were recently revised and 31 species were recognized by Eguchi (2008). Workers of Vietnamese species have the following features.
Worker dimorphic; major with head in full-face view subrectangular, subtrapezoidal or cordate, with posterolateral corner developed as preoccipital lobe; minor with head in full-face view oval, elliptical or subrectangular; frontal lobes far apart so that posteromedian portion of clypeus, where it projects between frontal lobes, is usually broader than one of the lobes; midpoint of anterior clypeal margin without an unpaired median seta; mandible of major massive, with 2 large apical and 1 or 2 conspicuous basal teeth, and margin between these groups of teeth edentate or irregularly and bluntly crenulate; mandible of minor triangular; masticatory margin with 7 or more teeth/denticles; 1 or 2 small denticles present between preapical tooth and 3rd large tooth; in major hypostoma always bearing a large or reduced "lateral" process just mesal to each mandibular base, and often bearing a "median" process and/or a pair of "submedian" processes, i.e. middle of hypostoma bearing 0-3 processes; palp formula 2,2; antenna 12-segmented, with 3- or 4-segmented club, or without a conspicuous club (3-segmented club the dominant condition); eye always present but varying in size, rarely consisting of only a few ommatidia; promesonotum forming a dome which is well raised above level of dorsum of propodeum; promesonotal suture absent or indistinct dorsally; posterior slope of promesonotal dome sometimes with a mound or prominence; metanotal groove weakly to strongly impressed dorsally; propodeal spine usually present (rarely vestigial or almost absent), and variable in size and shape; propodeal lobe inconspicuous, or present as a low lamella, or moderately roundly expanded; petiole in lateral view consisting of slender anterior peduncle and raised posterior node, or petiole gradually rising from base to summit of node; postpetiole in lateral view hemispherical, globular or highly domed, sometimes with anteroventral angle or projection.
The minor worker of Pheidole HNS is similar to the worker of Aphaenogaster HNS (for distinguishing characters see under Aphaenogaster HNS ), Kartidris HNS and Lophomyrmex HNS (see under Lophomyrmex HNS ). However, in the worker of Kartidris HNS , the masticatory margin of the mandible bears 5 sharp teeth which decrease in size from the apex to the base, and a broad depressed area is present on the vertex between the eyes.
Vietnamese species. Forty-two species have been recognized by us from Vietnam: aspidata Eguchi & Bui HNS (Nam Cat Tien); binghamii Forel HNS (Binh Chau-Phuoc Buu, Nam Cat Tien, Phu Quoc); capellinii Emery HNS (Ba Vi, Nam Cat Tien); colpigaleata Eguchi HNS (Ba Vi, Sa Pa, Tay Yen Tu); dugasi Forel HNS (Ba Vi, Cuc Phuong, Nam Cat Tien); elongicephala Eguchi HNS (Ba Vi, Cuc Phuong, My Yen, Tay Yen Tu, Van Ban); fervens F. Smith HNS (Ha Noi, My Yen, Nui Chua); fervida F. HNS S m i t h (Sa Pa); fortis Eguchi HNS (Sa Pa, Tam Dao); foveolata Eguchi HNS (Sa Pa); gatesi HNS (Wheeler) (Ba Vi, Cuc Phuong, Tam Dao); hongkongensis Wheeler HNS (Ba Be, My Yen, Pu Mat, Tam Dao, Tay Yen Tu, Van Ban); indosinensis Wheeler HNS (Ba Vi, Tam Dao); laevicolor Eguchi HNS (Ba Be, Ba Vi, Chua Yen Tu, My Yen, Tay Yen Tu, Van Ban); laevithorax Eguchi HNS (Ba Vi, Chua Yen Tu, Tay Yen Tu); magna Eguchi HNS (Ba Vi, Sa Pa); megacephala HNS (Fabricius) (Ha Noi, Quang Ninh, Vinh Long); noda F. Smith HNS (Ba Be, Ba Vi, Chua Yen Tu, Cuc Phuong, Sa Pa, Tam Dao, Van Ban); ochracea Eguchi HNS (Ba Vi, Nam Cat Tien, Sa Pa, Tam Dao, Tay Yen Tu); parva Mayr HNS (Cuc Phuong, Ho Chi Minh City, My Yen); pieli Santschi HNS (Ba Be, Ba Vi, Chua Yen Tu, Cuc Phuong, Hoa Binh, Ky Thuong, Phu Quoc, Pu Hoat, Pu Mat, Tam Dao, Tay Yen Tu, Van Ban); plagiaria F. HNS S m i t h (Ba Vi, My Yen, Tam Dao, Phu Quoc); planidorsum Eguchi HNS (Nam Cat Tien); planifrons Santschi HNS (Nam Cat Tien, Pu Mat, Tam Dao, Tay Yen Tu, Van Ban); rabo Forel HNS (Ba Vi, Chua Yen Tu, Cuc Phuong, Ky Thuong, Nam Cat Tien, Phu Quoc, Pu Mat, Tay Yen Tu, Van Ban); rinae Emery HNS (Nam Cat Tien); rugithorax Eguchi HNS (Pu Mat, Nam Cat Tien, Nui Chua, Phu Quoc); smythiesii Forel HNS (Ba Vi, Pu Hoat, Tam Dao); taipoana Wheeler HNS (Ky Thuong, Pu Mat); tandjongensis Forel HNS (Phu Quoc); tjibodana Forel HNS (Ba Be, Chua Yen Tu, Cuc Phuong, Nam Cat Tien, Ky Thuong, Pu Mat, Tay Yen Tu, V a n B a n); tumida Eguchi HNS (Ba Be, Ba Vi, Chua Yen Tu, Cuc Phuong, Ky Thuong, Nam Cat Tien, Nui Chua, Pu Mat, Tay Yen Tu; Van Ban); vieti Eguchi HNS (Ba Vi, Tam Dao); vulgaris Eguchi HNS (Ba Vi, Chua Yen Tu, Cuc Phuong, Ky Thuong, My Yen, Sa Pa, Tam Dao, Tay Yen Tu); yeensis Forel HNS (Ba Be, Ba Vi, Cuc Phuong, Ky Thuong, My Yen, Nam Cat Tien, Pu Hoat, Pu Mat, Tam Dao, Tay Yen Tu); zoceana Santschi HNS (Pu Hoat, Sa Pa); sp. eg-165 (Lam Dong); sp. eg-170 (Nam Cat Tien); sp. eg-179 (Nam Cat Tien); sp. eg-187 (Nui Chua); sp. eg-188 (Van Ban); sp. eg-189 (Nui Chua).
Bionomics. Pheidole HNS inhabits various habitats such as bare lands, grasslands, forest edges and well-developed forests. Their nests are usually found in rotting logs, twigs, wood fragments, under stones and in soil. The majority of species forage on the ground, but some such as P. v u lg a r is forage both on and under the ground.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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