Zaischnopsis, Ashmead, 1904

Peng, Lingfei, Xiang, Jiawei & Liu, Qifei, 2018, Three new species of Zaischnopsis Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eupelmidae) from Southern China, with redescription of Zaischnopsis tubatius (Walker), Zootaxa 4524 (2), pp. 200-212 : 201

Key to females of Zaischnopsis in the Oriental region

1 Flagellum with funiculars 3‒5 brown, funicular 6 and clava white.................................. Z. cooki (Girault)

- Flagellum entirely dark................................................................................. 2

2(1) Fore wing infuscate beyond level of parastigma, gradually lightened distally but without hyaline cross-band or spot ( Fig. 5 5 ); metatibia with basal half of dorsal margin white ( Fig. 57 )...................................... Z. locustae (Girault)

- Fore wing infuscate beyond level of parastigma and with hyaline cross-band or spot(s) behind marginal vein; metatibia sometimes without white region dorsally within basal half......................................................... 3

3(2) Fore wing with single hyaline cross-band behind marginal vein ( Figs 10 , 19 , 34 , 48, 52 )............................. 4

- Fore wing with 1‒3 hyaline spots behind marginal vein ( Figs 26 , 49, 50, 51 )...................................... 10

4(3) Hyaline cross-band of fore wing very narrow, about 1/5 to 1/6 width of basal infuscate region ( Fig. 19 )................. 5

- Hyaline cross-band of fore wing wide, usually about 1/2 to 1/3 width of basal infuscate part ( Figs 10 , 34 , 48 )............. 6

5(4) Funiculars 2‒4 equal in length........................................................ Z. magniscapus (Girault)

- Funiculars 2‒4 in ratio of 15: 17: 21 ( Fig. 17 )................................................. Z. fumosa sp. nov.

6(4) Mesotibial spur yellow to milky white; scrobal depression separated from anterior ocellus by distance equal to 2× diameter of anterior ocellus..................................................................... Z. keralensis Narendran

- Mesotibial spur dark brown to black; distance between scrobal depression and anterior ocellus variable................. 7

7(6) Gaster about 1.8× longer than mesosoma; mesotibial spur black; scrobal depression separated from anterior ocellus by distance less than the diameter of an anterior ocellus............................... Z. mampadicus Narendran & Girish Kumar

- Gaster at most about 1.2× longer than mesosoma; mesotibial spur variable in color; distance between scrobal depression and anterior ocellus variable................................................................................ 8

8(7) Fore wing with MV shorter than SMV.................................................. Z. fascipennis (Walker)

- Fore wing with MV longer than SMV..................................................................... 9

9(8) Metatibia with dorsal margin dark brown to black ( Figs 37 , 60 ), though possibly superficially appearing white because of dense white setae ( Fig. 37 ); propodeum with plical region medially very narrow ( Figs 39 , 47 ).......... Z. tubatius (Walker)

- Metatibia with basal half of dorsal margin white ( Fig. 8 ); propodeum with plical region comparatively wider ( Figs 2 , 44 )....................................................................................... Z. candetibia sp. nov.

10(3) Fore wing with single hyaline spot behind marginal vein ( Figs 26 , 51 ).......................................... 11

- Fore wing with 2 or 3 hyaline spots behind marginal vein ( Figs 49, 50 ).......................................... 12

11(10) Fore wing with hyaline spot triangular and with a very narrow longitudinal hyaline stripe at hind margin opposite base of MV ( Fig. 51 )................................................................. Z. stom Narendran & Girish Kumar

- Fore wing with hyaline spot round and hind margin without a longitudinal hyaline stripe ( Fig. 26 )...... Z. nivalinota sp. nov.

12(10) Fore wing with 3 hyaline spots behind marginal vein ( Fig. 50 )............................... Z. bathericus Narendran

- Fore wing with 2 hyaline spots behind marginal vein ( Fig. 49 ).............................. Z. biharensis (Narendran)

Figures

FIGURES 1‒11. Zaischnopsis candetibia. 1, body, dorsal; 2, propodeum, dorsal (arrow points to broadly V-shaped anterior margin of propodeum); 3, antenna; 4, head, lateral; 5, head, frontal; 6, head, dorsal; 7, mesosoma, dorsal; 8, hind leg, lateral; 9, tibia and tarsi of midleg; 10, fore wing; 11, gaster, dorsal.

FIGURES 53‒58. Syntype specimens of Z. locustae (collection number: 244709).

FIGURES 12‒20. Zaischnopsis fumosa. 12, body, lateral; 13, head, frontal; 14, head, lateral; 15, head, dorsal; 16, mesosoma, dorsal; 17, antenna; 18, propodeum, dorsal (arrow points to broadly V-shaped anterior margin of propodeum); 19, fore wing and gaster; 20, hind leg, lateral.

FIGURES 30‒39. Zaischnopsis tubatius. 30, head, frontal; 31, head, lateral; 32, head, dorsal; 33, antenna; 34, fore wing; 35, mesosoma, dorsal; 36, scutellar-axillar complex, dorsal; 37, hind leg, lateral; 38, gaster, dorsal; 39, propodeum, dorsal (arrow points to broadly convex anterior margin of propodeum).

FIGURES 48‒52. Fore wing (from original drawings). 48, Zaischnopsis keralensis; 49, Z. biharensis; 50, Z. bathericus; 51, Z. stom; 52, Z. mampadicus.

FIGURES 21‒29. Zaischnopsis nivalinota. 21, body, lateral; 22, mesosoma, dorsal; 23, head, frontal; 24, head, lateral; 25, head, dorsal; 26, fore wing; 27, propodeum, dorsal (arrow points to broadly U-sharped anterior margin of propodeum); 28, gaster, dorsal; 29, tibia and tarsi of hind leg.

FIGURES 59‒63. Holotype specimen of Z. tubatius (collection number: NHMUK010835113).

FIGURES 44‒47. SEM images of propodeum. 44, Zaischnopsis candetibia; 45, Z. fumosa; 46, Z. nivalinota; 47, Z. tubatius. Arrows point to anterior margin of propodeum.