Gonatocerus (Gonatocerus) pictus ( Haliday, 1833 )

Triapitsyn, Serguei V., 2013, Review of Gonatocerus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) in the Palaearctic region, with notes on extralimital distributions, Zootaxa 3644 (1), pp. 1-178 : 34-38

Gonatocerus (Gonatocerus) pictus ( Haliday, 1833)

( Figs 41–49 )

Ooctonus pictus Haliday 1833: 344–345 .

Lectotype female [ NMID], designated by Graham 1982: 223 (not examined, but examined were photographs made by Csaba Thuróczy of the entire card-mounted specimen ( Fig. 41 ), left antenna ( Fig. 42 ), and left pair of wings slide-mounted by him, and also the labels, as follows: 1. Box 12A. No 29”; 2. “ Ooctonus pictus Haliday, 1833 LECTOTYPE M. de V. Graham det. 1970”). Type locality: near London, England, UK.

Ooctonus pictus Haliday : Curtis 1837: 134 (list).

Gonatocerus flavus Foerster 1841: 45 .

Female [lost from NHMW], type status not indicated. Type locality:?Aachen [area], North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Synonymized under Rachistus pictus (Haliday) by Foerster 1847: 205 and listed as a synonym of G. pictus by Dalla Torre 1989: 429.

Gonatocerus flavus Foerster : Walker 1846: 53 (English translation of original description).

Rachistus pictus (Haliday) : Foerster 1847: 205 –205 (synonymy, female diagnosis), 232 (list, distribution).

Lymaenon pictus (Haliday) : Walker 1846: 51 (short diagnosis); Debauche 1948: 81 (list), 112–113 (male description); Boţoc 1963: 97 (mentioned); Mathot 1969: 9 (key); Viggiani & Jesu 1988: 1023 (record from Italy).

Gonatocerus pictus (Haliday) : Kirchner 1867: 201 (catalog); Dalla Torre 1898: 429 –430 (catalog); Hellén 1974: 10 –11 (diagnosis, distribution); Graham 1982: 222 –223 (references, lectotype designation); Matthews 1986: 220 (member of sulphuripes species group , diagnosis, records from England and Wales); Donev 1987: 74 (distribution); Donev 1990: 68 (record from Bulgaria); Baquero & Jordana 2003: 15 –16 (diagnosis, redescription, distribution); Donev 2005: 378 –379 (diagnosis, distribution); Pricop 2009a: 74 (record from Romania); Pricop 2009b: 125 (list, references on records from Romania); Pricop 2009c: 21 (record from Romania); Pricop 2010a: 81 (record from Romania).

Gonatocerus orthopenitus Guo, Lin & Hu ( Guo et al. 2011) : 55–57 (also spelled as orthopennitus on pp. 53, 55–56, 60).

Holotype female [ ICXU] (not examined). Type locality: Wujiaqu [City], Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. Syn. n. I am acting here as first reviser and based on the etymology of this species select orthopenitus as the correct original spelling.

Type material examined. Possible paralectotypes of Ooctonus pictus Haliday : 2 complete females [ MVMA] on F. Walker-style cards on the same pin without an original label but with a folded note on the bottom which I did not dare to remove, labeled later: “NATIONAL MUSEUM VICTORIA Anaphes pictus Europe”; the lower card has a number (apparently “48” written near the pinhole). The upper specimen actually belongs to G. fuscicornis , and the lower specimen belongs to G. litoralis . Also 1 complete female, 1 complete male, and 1 specimen of undetermined sex [ MVMA] on individual F. Walker-style cards (the upper card is oval) on the same pin without an original label, labeled later: “NATIONAL MUSEUM VICTORIA Anaphes pictus Europe”; the middle card has a number (apparently “75” written near the pinhole). The upper male probably belongs to G. pictus , the middle female is G. fuscicornis , and the lower specimen (which I could not examine properly because it is obscured by the middle card) likely belongs either to G. fuscicornis or G. pictus . I consider these to be likely part of the original syntype series of Haliday’s Ooctonus pictus because they have numbers written in pencil that are characteristic of F. Walker’s specimens, and it is known that A.H. Haliday, F. Walker, and J. Curtis exchanged/shared specimens freely ( Graham 1982).

Gonatocerus orthopenitus Guo, Lin & Hu : paratype male [ ICXU] on slide labeled: 1. “[Chinese characters] 12 km [Chinese character] 2006.8.1 N 43° 25.23’ E 83° 25.30° [sic] [Chinese characters]”; 2. “[Chinese characters] Gonatocerus orthopennitus Gou, Lin et Hu Paratype (3)”. The collecting locality is in Xinyuan County, Xinjiang, China ( Guo et al. 2011).

Material examined. AUSTRIA. LOWER AUSTRIA: Hunsdsheim : 27.viii.1941, W. Soyka [1 Ƥ, NHMW]; 14.v.1942, H. Bischoff [1 3, EMEC] [misidentified by W. Soyka as G. litoralis ]; 22.ix.1954, W. Soyka [1 3, NHMW]. Spitzerberg (S slope, ca. 2.5 km S of Hundsheim ), 48°05’48’’N 16°56’29’’E, 190–250 m, 16.vi.2007, C. Thuróczy, S.V. Triapitsyn [1 3, UCRC]. TYROL, Krössbach , vii.1947, W. Soyka (on window) [1 Ƥ, NHMW]. BELGIUM. LIÈGE, Wanze, Antheit , Corphalie, R. Detry : 16–30.vi.1989 [1 Ƥ, ISNB]; 14– 28.vii.1989 [1 Ƥ, ISNB]; 28.vii–11.viii.1989 [1 Ƥ, ISNB]. CHINA. BEIJING, Mentougou District, Xiaolongmen Station , 39°59.22’N 115°31.48’E, 1095 m, 28.vii.2002, G. Melika [3 3, UCRC]. DENMARK. MIDTJYLLAND: Halgenaes , 12.viii.1998, T. Munk [1 Ƥ, ZMUC]. Samsø Island, Vejrø (7 km E of Samsø ), 22.viii.1997, T. Munk [1 3, ZMUC]. SJAELLAND, 22.viii.1925, O. Bakkendorf [1 Ƥ, ZMUC]. FRANCE. GIRONDE: Sainte Colombe , 44°54’N 00°02’W, M. van Helden: 2.vii.1998 [1 3, UCRC]; 13.viii.1998 [4 Ƥ, 3 3, UCRC]. Tourtirac , 44°53’57’’N 00°02’02’’W, 27.vi.2000, S.V. Triapitsyn [1 3, UCRC]. GEORGIA. ADJARA, Batumi region, Kakhaberi , 28.vii.1953, V.A. Trjapitzin ( Gruzbiolaboratoriya ) [1 Ƥ, ZIN]. GERMANY. MECKLENBURGWESTERN POMERANIA, Jettchens Hof (near Malchin ), viii.1935, H.- J. Stammer [1 Ƥ, NHMW]. NORTH RHINE-WESTPHALIA: Burscheid , vii–viii.1959, M. Boness [1 Ƥ, NHMW]. Leverkusen , 30.ix.1965, M. Boness [1 Ƥ, NHMW]. Refrath (near Bensberg ), M. Boness, 25.v.1955 [1 3, NHMW]. GREECE. CENTRAL MACEDONIA, Lake Kerkini, Ecotourism site, 41°08’15.6’’N 23°13’01.2’’E, 65 m, 16–22.v.2006, G. Ramel [1 3, UCRC]. HUNGARY. GYŐR-MOSON-SOPRON, Sopron, 28.vi.1944, J. Erdös [1 Ƥ, NHMW / HNHM]. PEST, Szigetszentmiklós , ix.1911, L. Biró [1 3, NHMW / HNHM]. ITALY. CAMPANIA: Benevento Prov., 1.8 km E of Faicchio , 41°16.329’N 14°29.884’E, 210 m, 7.vi.2003, M. Bologna, J. Munro, A. Owen, J.D. Pinto [1 Ƥ, 1 3, UCRC]. Caserta Prov.: SE end of Lago del Matese , 41°24.411’N 14°24.800’E, 1050 m, 8.vi.2003, M. Bologna, J. Munro, A. Owen, J.D. Pinto [1 Ƥ, UCRC]. 2.2 km SW of Passo di Miralago , 41°23.421’N 14°24.784’E, 1025 m, 7.vi.2003, M. Bologna, J. Munro, A. Owen, J.D. Pinto [2 3, UCRC]. LAZIO, Roma Prov.: Castelporziano Presidential Estate , Fosso di Trafusina , 41°46.670’N 12°24.751’E, 30 m, 11–12.vi.2003, M. Bologna, J. Munro, A. Owen, J.D. Pinto [1 3, UCRC]. 0.8 km W of Sasso , 42°02.209’N 12°02.209’E, 264 m, 9–10.vi.2003, M. Bologna, J. Munro, A. Owen, J.D. Pinto [1 Ƥ, UCRC]. KYRGYZSTAN. CHUY: Karagajly-Bulak (9 km W of Ak-Tyuz ), 42°52’47’’N 76°02’13’’E, 2180–3400 m, 26.vii.2000, C.H. Dietrich [4 Ƥ, 12 3, UCRC]. Near Telek , 43°06’20’’N 74°05’40’’E, 590 m, 13.viii.1998, C.H. Dietrich [2 Ƥ, UCRC]. DZHALAL-ABAD: 7 km ESE of Ak-Tash , 40°41’31’’N 70°42’07’’E, 1390 m, 21.vi.1999, C.H. Dietrich [1 Ƥ, UCRC]. At-Ojnoksky Ridge, Kurpsaj Ravine , 41°30’55’’N 72°19’43’’E, 924 m, 23.vi.1999, C.H. Dietrich [4 Ƥ, 1 3, UCRC]. Chandalash River , 41°44’19’’N 70°52’22’’E, 1630 m, 20.vi.1999, C.H. Dietrich [1 Ƥ, UCRC]. 10 km W of Dzhalal-abad, 40°55’57’’N 72°53’35’’E, 807 m, 27.vi.1999, C.H. Dietrich [1 Ƥ, UCRC]. Kara-Kysmak Ravine , 42°06’49’’N 71°33’28’’E, 2500 m, 18.vi.1999, C.H. Dietrich [2 Ƥ, 5 3, UCRC]. TALAS: near Boo-Terek , 42°35’15’’N 71°45’49’’E, 1000 m, 15.vi.1999, C.H. Dietrich [1 Ƥ, UCRC]. Kara Buura Ravine (20 km S of Kyzyl-Adyr ), 42°26’23’’N 71°33’16’’E, 1300 m, 15.vi.1999, C.H. Dietrich [5 Ƥ, UCRC]. 18 km WSW of Taldy Bulak , 42°26’31’’N 72°49’12’’E, 1930 m, 15.vi.1999, C.H. Dietrich [2 Ƥ, 3 3, UCRC]. RUSSIA. KRASNODARSKIY KRAY, Krasnodar, All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Plant Protection , V.V. Kostjukov: 10–12.viii.2001 [2 Ƥ, UCRC, ZIN]; 31.viii.2003 [1 Ƥ, UCRC]. STAVROPOL’SKIY KRAY: Prietokskiy , V.V. Kostjukov: 28.viii.2002 [1 Ƥ, UCRC]; 7.ix.2002 [2 Ƥ, UCRC]; 13.vii.2003 [2 Ƥ, UCRC]. Stavropol’, Russkiy Les, “ Besputskaya Polyana ” Botanical Sanctuary , 9.vii.2003, E.V. Khomchenko [1 Ƥ, UCRC]. SERBIA. “ Adrejonica ” [sic, no such location could be found], H.- J. Stammer [1 Ƥ, 1 3, NHMW]. SLOVAKIA. BRATISLAVA, Jurský Šúr Nature Reserve , 48°14’03’’N 17°12’47’’E, 133 m, 8.viii.2008, B.V. Brown (alder forest) [2 Ƥ, UCRC]. UK. ENGLAND: Lancashire Co., Wesham, Kings Downs , 24.vii.1924, J.P. Kryger [2 3, NHMW]. London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, Richmond Park , 18.vii.1996, J.S. Noyes [1 Ƥ, 3 3, CNCI]. Surrey Co., Dorking, Box Hill , 4.ix.1988, J.S. Noyes [1 Ƥ, 1 3, CNCI]. WALES: Bridgend Co. Borough: Kenfig Pool National Nature Reserve , J.S. Noyes: 6.viii.1988 [5 Ƥ, 14 3, CNCI, UCRC]; 4.viii.1994 [4 Ƥ, 2 3, CNCI]; 18.viii.1998 [20 Ƥ, 5 3, CNCI, UCRC]. City and Co. of Swansea: Oxwich National Nature Reserve , 5.viii.1994, J.S. Noyes [4 Ƥ, 3 3, CNCI, UCRC]. Whiteford Burrows National Nature Reserve , 2.viii.1988, J.S. Noyes [2 Ƥ, 4 3, CNCI, UCRC]. Vale of Glamorgan Co. Borough, Pendoylan , Hensol , Llanerch Vineyard , 9.ix.1999, S.V. Triapitsyn [1 3, UCRC].

Distribution. PALAEARCTIC: Austria * (the previous record of G. pictus from Austria by Soyka (1946) is incorrect due to misidentification of G. fuscicornis ), Belgium, Bulgaria ( Donev 1986, 1987, 1988d, 1990, 2005), China ( Guo et al. 2011 [as G. orthopenitus ]), Czech Republic ( Noyes 2012), Denmark *, Finland ( Hellén 1974), France *, Georgia *, Germany, Greece ( Donev 2005), Hungary *, Italy ( Viggiani & Jesu 1988), Kyrgyzstan *, Romania ( Pricop 2009b, 2010a), Russia *, Serbia *, Slovakia ( Noyes 2012), Spain ( Baquero & Jordana 2003), Sweden ( Hedqvist 2003), and UK ( England, and Wales).

Redescription. FEMALE (non-type specimens). Body length 900–1300 µm (dry-mounted specimens). Head dark brown; scape and pedicel yellow to light brown, flagellum brown; mesosoma yellow or light brown with brown or dark brown spots on pronotum, anterior part of mesoscutum, scutellum, dorsellum, and mesopleura; propodeum mostly brown; legs yellow to light brown except apical tarsomeres brown; basal gastral terga yellow or light brown, apical ones brown or dark brown.

Antenna ( Fig. 43 ) with radicle 0.35–0.37× total length of scape, rest of scape 2.5–2.6× as long as wide, faintly striate; pedicel a little longer than F1; F2 and F3 subequal and the longest of funicle segments; normally F6– F8 with 2 mps but sometimes F6 with just 1 mps or, rarly, without mps on one antenna, and, according to Matthews (1986), F4 and F5 occasionally with 1 mps; clava with 8 mps, 3.0–3.3× as long as wide, almost as long as combined length of F6–F8 or a little shorter.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 45 ) shorter than metasoma. Propodeum ( Fig. 44 ) with fine submedian lines often hardly visible. Fore wing ( Fig. 46 ) 3.5–3.8× as long as wide; longest marginal seta about 0.22–0.27× maximum wing width. Fore wing disc slightly infumate throughout, bare behind submarginal vein and setose elsewhere. Hind wing 28–29× as long as wide; disc bare except for rows of setae along margins and a few additional setae at apex, slightly infumate; longest marginal seta 3.0–3.7× maximum wing width.

Metasoma ( Fig. 45 ) with petiole wider than long. Ovipositor occupying 0.7–0.9× length of gaster, a little exserted beyond its apex (by at most 0.1× own length); ovipositor length: mesotibia length ratio 1.3–1.9:1.

MALE (non-type specimens). Body length 800–1060 µm (dry-mounted specimens). Similar to female except for normal sexually dimorphic features and the following. Dark spots on mesosoma sometimes somewhat larger, and legs often a little darker (light brown) than in female. Antenna ( Fig. 47 ) with scape minus rather long radicle faintly striate, 2.0–2.2× as long as wide. Fore wing ( Fig. 48 ) 3.8–4.0× as long as wide. Genitalia as in Fig. 49 .

Diagnosis. Gonatocerus pictus is characterized by body color and female antenna ( Figs 42 , 43 ) with mps on F6–F8.

Hosts. Unknown.

Figures

FIGURES 41, 42. Gonatocerus (Gonatocerus) pictus Ƥ (lectotype of Ooctonus pictus, photographs courtesy of C. Thuróczy): 41, habitus; 42, antenna.

FIGURES 43 – 46. Gonatocerus (Gonatocerus) pictus Ƥ (Kenfig Pool National Nature Reserve, Wales): 43, antenna; 44, dorsellum and propodeum; 45, body; 46, fore wing.

FIGURES 47 – 49. Gonatocerus (Gonatocerus) pictus 3 (47, 49 — Karagajly-Bulak, Chuy, Kyrgyzstan; 48 — Kenfig Pool National Nature Reserve, Wales): 47, antenna; 48, fore wing; 49, genitalia.