M. scabrida Urb., Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 3: 325 (1885).

Sukhorukov, Alexander P., Sennikov, Alexander N., Nilova, Maya V., Mazei, Yuri, Kushunina, Maria, Marchioretto, Maria Salete & Hanacek, Pavel, 2019, Evolutionary relationships and taxonomy of Microtea (Microteaceae), a basal lineage in the core Caryophyllales, PhytoKeys 115, pp. 1-50 : 22-24

4. M. scabrida Urb., Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 3: 325 (1885).

M. paniculata Moq. var. scabrida (Urb.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 268 (1898). Lectotype (Sennikov & Sukhorukov, designated here): BRAZIL. [Without exact location and date] F. Sellow s.n. (F0BN005735, image!). Note: The lectotype is chosen according to the protologue ( Urban 1885). Urban’s collections of M. scabrida in B have probably been missing since 1945.

M. paniculata var. latifolia Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 268 (1898). Lectotype (Sennikov & Sukhorukov, designated here): BOLIVIA. Rio Yapacani, June 1892, O. Kuntze s.n. (B!).

M. foliosa Chodat, Bull. Herb. Boissier, ser. 2, 3: 418 (1903). Lectotype (designated by Nowicke 1968: 351): PARAGUAY. In regione collium "Cerros de Tobaty", September 1900, E. Hassler 6254 (MO216419, image! isolectotypes - P00743942! K000601209!). Note: This species was synonymized with M. paniculata (= M. celosioides ) by Marchioretto and de Siqueira (1998). We have seen the original specimens cited in the protologue ( Chodat and Hassler 1903): the specimens with the numbers 6254 (MO216419 - image! K000601209! P00743942!), 1649 (P03321197), 1988 (P00743946!) and 1988b (B! P00743944!) are M. scabrida , and the specimens with the number 7605 (K000601208! P00743941!) belong to M. sulcicaulis , a species described in the same article by Chodat and Hassler (1903). The authors mentioned in the publication three Microtea species: M. foliosa , M. paniculata and M. sulcicaulis ( Chodat and Hassler 1903), and M. scabrida was omitted in the species list. The protologue of M. foliosa combines the characters of both M. scabrida and M. sulcicaulis , but the epithet “foliosa” belongs to M. scabrida with inflorescence leafy in its lower part. Based on the typification made by Nowicke (1968), and in agreement with Walter (1909), we synonymize M. foliosa with M. scabrida .

M. scandens Rusby, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 239 (1927). Holotype: BOLIVIA. La Paz, Iturralde, Ixiamas, alt. 244 m, 18 Dec 1921, M. Cárdenas 1942 (NYBG01163848, image!).

Description.

Leaning or twining perennial herb up to 150 cm, glabrous or slightly scabrid; leaves ovate or oblong (Fig. 17A ), long-petiolate (petioles 1.0-4.0 cm), blades 5.0-10.0 cm long and 2.0-4.0 cm wide, basally truncate, apically acuminate; inflorescence lax, a spike (Fig. 17B ); flowers almost sessile (pedicels up to 1.0 mm), with a bract and two bracteoles; perianth segments 5, whitish or green, oblong or ovoid, stamens 6-7, stigmas 2-3; fruit 1.75-2.0 mm long and 1.6 mm wide, with finger-shaped outgrowths, some of them basally concrescent (Fig. 5E, F ); seed 1.3-1.5 mm, with verrucous surface (Fig. 5H ).

Habitat.

Forests, shrub thickets; alt. up to 1000 m.

Distribution.

(Sub)tropical parts of South America (Fig. 18 ).

Specimens examined.

ARGENTINA: Chaco prov.: Isla del Cerrito, 11 Dec 1971, A.G. Schulz 17927 (G); Corrientes prov.: Itati, 6 Feb 1964, T.M. Pedersen 68 (P04598111); Santo Tome Dep., Potrero Luna, 8 Dec 1981, S.G. Tressens et al. 1612 (G); Ituzaingö Dept., Puerto Mora, 11 Dec 1973, A. Krapovickas et al. 24329 (RB00272365 - image!); Entre Rios prov.: Concepción del Uruguay, Dec 1917, L. Hauman s.n. (BR); Dep. Uruguay, 31 Mar 1967, T.M. Pedersen 8202 (E00621962, P04598112); Concordia Dept., Nueva Escócia, 24 Nov 1988, N.M. Bacigalupo et al. 863 (B); Misiones prov.: Dept. San Ignacio, El Colorado, 24 Jun 1946, G.J. Schwarz 2845 (L1678246); Dep. San Pedro, El Alcazar, 30 Mar 1949, E. Schwindt 1428 (BR); Cainguás Dept., Oro Verde, 29 Apr 1949, G.J. Schwarz 7789 (G); Candelaria Dept., Santa Ana, 10 Mar 1951, J.E. Montes 15101 (P05197102); Leandro N. Alem Dept., Paso Carreta, 9 Mar 1969, A. Krapovickas et al. 15003 (G); BOLIVIA: see lectotype of M. paniculata var. latifolia (B); San Rafael, 27 Mar 1902, R.S. Williams 222 (BM000019282, K); La Paz, Upper Rio Beni, Dec 1906, J.W. Evans 53 (BM000019216); Santa Cruz Dept., Rio Yapacani, 8 Mar 1926, J. Steinbach 7498 (BM000019275, E, K, U1473457); Prov. Sara, Dept. Santa Cruz, Rio Yapacani, 8 Mar 1926, J. Steinbach 7498 (G); La Paz, Ixiamas, 18 Dec 1921, M. Cárdenas 1942 (NYBG - image!); BRAZIL: Acre: Santa Rosa Mun., Rio Chambuiacu, 14 Mar 2002, D.C. Daly et al. 11320 (NY00865147 - image!); Amazonas: Seringal São Francisco, Aug 1911, E. Ule 9361 (G, K, L1678244); Bahia: [without exact location and year] Blanchet s.n. (LE); Rio Grongogy, Nov 1915, H.M. Curran 148 (US01344703 - image!); Milagres, 6 Mar 1977, R.M. Harley 19451 (E); Abaira Mun., 31 Jan 1992, J.R. Pirani et al. 51372 (E00324053); Minas Gerais: [without exact location] 1816-1821, A. Saint-Hilaire 43 (P04598127); Paraná: Tomazina , Barra Grande, 29 Jan 1911, P. Dusén 11265 (K); Cerre Azul Mun., Ribeirao do Veado, 9 Feb 1960, G. Hatschbach 6725 (L1678240); Foz do Iguaçu Mun., Parque Nacional, 18 Feb 1963, G. Hatschbach 9737 (U1473447); Xambre Mun., 10 Dec 1965, G. Hatschbach 13304 (B, P04598113); Icaraima & Porto Camargo, 20 Jan 1967, G. Hatschbach et al. 4285 (U1473449); Icaraima Mun., Porto Camargo, 20 Jan 1967, G. Hatschbach 15765 (B, P04598114); Altônia Mun., Porto Byington, 23 Jan 1967, J.C. Lindeman & J.Y. de Haas 4396 (K); Cerro Azul Mun., Cabeceiras do Riberao do Tigre, 16 Dec 1992, G. Hatschbach & O.S. Ribas 58457 (G); Cerro Azul Mun., Rua Serra da Paranapiacaba, 16 May 1997, G. Hatschbach et al. 66536 (SJRP00009310 - image!); Paraíba: Areia, 15 May 1944, J.M. Vasconcellos 240 (RB00272395 - image!); Pernambuco: [without exact location] 1838, M. Gardner 1738 (G); Recife Mun., Caxangá, 29 Jul 1887, Ridley et al. s.n. (BM000019259); Recife, Mar 1936, S. Vasconcellos 4097 (US01344756 - image!); Rio de Janeiro: [without exact location] 1816-1821, A. Saint-Hilaire 376 (P04598132); Maricá Mun., Itaipuaçu, 27 Jan 1935, Brade 29310 (B); Niterói, 6 Mar 1998, M.C.F. dos Santos 153 (RB00766894 - image!); Rio Grande do Sul: [without exact location] 1816-1821, A. Saint-Hilaire 2711 (P04598128); Iraí, Nov 1949, K. Emrich s.n. (PACA 48169); Santa Catarina: [without exact location] Jul 1840, F. Müller 460 (K); Itapiranga ad fl. Uruguai superius, 16 Feb 1934, B. Rambo 1788 (PACA), São Bento do Sul, Rio Natal, 14 Dec 2013, P. Schwirkowski 128 (FURB36981 - image!); São Paulo: [without exact location] 25 Feb 1874, A. Glaziou 2007 (P04598040); Serra de São Pedro, São Pedro, 22 Dec 1965, J. Mattos & N. Mattos 13028 (PACA); PARAGUAY: Asunción: 13 Sep 1874, B. Balansa 1988 (G, K, P04459470); Caaguazú: Caaguazú city, Nov 1874, B. Balansa 1988b (B, P00743944); Caazapá: San Juan Nepomuceno, 12 Dec 1989, I. Basualdo 2794 (G); National Park Caaguazu, 24 Nov 1997, E.M. Zardini & A. Benitez 47391 (P05197101); Cordillera: Tobati, 10 Jan 1903, K. Fiebrig 677 (E, G, L, M); Tobati, 14 Jan 1903, F. Fiebrig 737 (E, G, K, L1678243, LY, M) sub M. foliosa ; Cerro Tobati, 28 Oct 1987, R. Degun & E. Zardini 447 (G); Cerro Ybitu Silla, Tobati, 28 May 1988, E. Zardini 4319 (G); Guairá: Villarica, 13 Sep 1874, B. Balansa 1988 (P00743946); Villarica, 13 Nov 1945, G.W. Teague 444 (BM000019276); Colonia Indepedencia, 30 Mar 1972, T.M. Pedersen 10122 (K, P04598115); Tebicuary, 17 Nov 1978, L. Bernardi 18685 (G); Melgarejo, 13 Mar 1989, E. Zardini & C. Velásquez 11391 (E00047207, K); Cordillera de Ybytyruzu, 28 May 1989, E. Zardini & U. Velásquez 12354 (G); Paraguarí: 15 Dec 1875, B. Balansa 1988 (P04598096); prope Sapucay, 1885-1895, E. Drake 1649 (P03321197); Sapucay, Jul 1913, E. Hassler 11878 (BM000019235, E, G); La Rosada, 12 Dec 1979, G. Schmeda 234 (G); Ybicui National Park, La Po sada, 3 Feb 1992, E. Zardini & P. Aquino 30230 (G); Estero del Ypoá, Trinchera Cué, 5 Aug 1993, E.M. Zardini & T. Tilleria 36838 (B); Alto Paraná: [without exact location] 1909, K. Fiebrig 5468 (BM000019222, E, G, L1678245, LY, M); PERU: reported for the Dept. Madre de Dios ( Brako and Zarucchi 1993); URUGUAY: [without exact location and year] J. Tweedie s.n. (BM).

Figures

Figure 5. Fruits and seeds of Microtea papillosa and M. scabrida: A, B fruit of M. papillosa, enclosed in the perianth (Diamantina Mun., Estrada Conselheiro Mata, 11 Apr 1982, L. Rossi et al. 3322, PACA) C, D seed of M. papillosa (Diamantina Mun., Estrada Conselheiro Mata, 11 Apr 1982, L. Rossi et al. 3322, PACA) E, F fruit of M. scabrida, enclosed in the perianth (Paraguay, Alto Parana, 1909, K. Fiebrig 5468, M) G, H seed of M. scabrida (Paraguay, Alto Parana, 1909, K. Fiebrig 5468, M). Magnification: A, E - 30 x, B, F - 100 x, C, G - 50 x, D, H - 300 x.

Figure 17. Microtea scabrida: A a fragment of the shoot (Sao Bento do Sul, Santa Catarina, Brazil, 23 Sep 2016) B inflorescence (Sao Bento do Sul, Santa Catarina, Brazil, 14 Dec 2013). Photographs by Paulo Schwirkowski.

Figure 18. Distribution map of Microtea scabrida.