Timaviella edaphica (Elenkin) O.M. Vynogr. & Mikhailyuk, 2018

Mikhailyuk, Tatiana, Vinogradova, Oksana, Holzinger, Andreas, Glaser, Karin, Akimov, Yuri & Karsten, Ulf, 2022, Timaviella dunensis sp. nov. from sand dunes of the Baltic Sea, Germany, and emendation of Timaviella edaphica (Elenkin) O. M. Vynogr. & Mikhailyuk (Synechococcales, Cyanobacteria) based on an integrative approach, Phytotaxa 532 (3), pp. 192-208 : 198

Timaviella edaphica (Elenkin) O.M. Vynogr. & Mikhailyuk ( Figs 3 , 4 , 6 A–G , Tab. 4 )

Basionym: Plectonema puteale (Kirchner) Hansgirg f. edaphicum Elenkin 1949 . Monogr. Alg. Cyanoph., Pars. Spec. 2: 1783, fig. 541.

Synonyms: Plectonema edaphicum (Elenkin) Vaulina 1959 ; Plectonema edaphicum (Hollerbach) Vaulina in Kondratyeva, 1968; Pseudophormidium edaphicum (Elenkin) Anagnostidis et Komárek 1988 ; non Leptolyngbya edaphica (Hollerbach ex Elenkin) Komárek et Anagnostidis 2005).

Diagnosis: Differing from all Timaviella species in sheath appearance, length of D1-D1’ and Box-B helices, structure and sequence of the regions above the basal stem.

Description: Thallus radially spreading, felt with fleecy surface or firm, leathery, dirty grey-blue-green to dark brown. Filaments long, flexuousus and curved, 2.6–4.1 (5.0) μm wide. False branching rare, single and geminate. Sheath thin and colorless or dull grey, with increasing age becoming thick, ocassionally swollen, slightly to intensely brownish, sometimes with sharply outlined almost blackish outer layer. Trichomes slightly constricted and sometimes granulated at cross-walls, 2.2–2.6 μm wide. Cells cylindrical, isodiametric to elongated, with 4-6 parietal thylakoids, 2.2–4.3 μm long. End cells rounded. Necridia present. Trichome fragmentation occurred with or without necridia and led to the formation of short hormogonia.The cell division symmetrical and perpendicular to the long axis of the filament; however in meristematic zones it may be oblique. D1-D1’ helix 67 nucleotides long, with four internal loops at positions 6/54–62, 13-15/45-47, 21/ 39 and 24/35-36, with terminal loop having sequence 5’- CAUG -3’. Box B helix 35 nucleotides long, with two unpaired cytosine residues at positions10 and 30. Terminal loop 5 nucleotides long, 5’-GACAG-3’.V2 helix 10 nucleotides long, terminal loop 4 nucleotides, 5’-AUGA-3’. V3 helix 60 nucleotides long, with two asymmetrical internal loops at positions 5/54-56 and 23/33-34, and two unpaired uracil and adenine residues at positions 46 and 51 of the 3’ strand. Terminal loop 3 nucleotides long, 5’-GAU-3’.

Collection locality: The coast of the Sea of Azov , vicinities of Kazantip Nature Reserve, Aqtash Lake spit, Crimea, Ukraine, 45°43′85″ N 35°85′25″ E, collected on 8 August 2012 by Tatiana Mikhailyuk. Coquina beach, biocrusts with dominance of cyanobacteria .

Holotype here designated: KW-A-32530, Algotheca, Herbarium of the M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (KW), Kyiv, Ukraine.

Reference strain: KZ-7-1-2 was deposited at the German Collection for Microorganisms and Cell Cultures ( DSM 112877), Braunschweig, Germany, as well as at the culture collection of the M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IBASU-A-751).

Additional strains: KZ-23-2, Golos-9-1 (IBASU-A-752, 753).

Additional sampling localities: the coast of the Sea of Azov, Kazantip Nature Reserve, cape Cherny (clay scree, biocrusts with dominance of cyanobacteria, Crimea, Ukraine). National Nature park „Holosiivsky“, Maxim Rylsky Holosiivsky Park (forest track, moss biocrust, Kyiv, Ukraine).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Secondary structure of the main informative helices of region 16S-23S ITS of cultured strains of Timaviella. All differences between strains of T. edaphica (KZ-7-1) and T. dunensis (Us-6-3) are presented in comparison with the authentic strain of T. circinata (GR4). Variable bases are shown with arrows, places of insertions/deletions of base pairs are marked with arrowheads, homological base pairs among different strains are indicated with gray lines. Intraspecific variation inside T. edaphica are shown with the asterisk.

FIGURE 4. Timaviella edaphica: A, B—overview of colonies on the surface of agarized medium (A—thallus with wooly surface (freshly isolated strain), B—thallus prostrate and in growing inside the medium); C—loosy aggregated filaments; F, H—filaments with single and geminate pseudobranches; D—bundle of filaments; E—trichomes slightly constricted and granulated at the cross walls; G—trichomes with obliquely dividing cells; I—trichomes with necridia; J—hormogonia. KZ-7-1-2: A–C, D–E, J, Golos-9-1: F, G, KZ-23-2: H, I. Scale bars:A, B—50 μm, C–J—10 μm.

FIGURE 6. Ultrastructure of original strains of Timaviella with characteristic position of thylakoids arranged more or less parallel in a parietal position. T. edaphica (KZ 7-1-2): fragments of trichomes without sheath (A), in multilayered sheath (B), constricted at cross walls, with cyanophycin granules; cells barrel-shaped, isodiametric (A) to elongated (G), end cells (D), trichomes in longitudinal section (E). T. edaphica (KZ 23-2): end cells (C), trichomes in longitudinal section (F). Timaviella dunensis (Us-6-3): fragments of trichomes in thick sheath (H, I), weakly constricted at cross walls; cells cylindrical, elongated, end cells (J–L); formation of necridia (M). S, sheath, Cy, cyanophycin granules, T, thylakoids. Scale bars = 1µm.