Diplazium bantamense Blume (1828: 191)

Pongkai, Puttamon, Zhang, Li-Bing, Boonkerd, Thaweesakdi & Pollawatn, Rossarin, 2023, Revision of the fern genus Diplazium (Polypodiales: Athyriaceae) in Thailand, Phytotaxa 631 (1), pp. 1-69 : 9-11

1. Diplazium bantamense Blume (1828: 191) . Fig. 3 .

Type : INDONESIA. Java, J . C. van Hasselt s.n. (holotype L0051547 !) .

Plants terrestrial. Stem erect or ascending, 1.0– 2.5 cm diameter, covered with scales on younger part; scales, 8–10 × 1.0– 1.5 mm, narrowly lanceolate, long-tail at apex, dark brown, margin thick and irregularly toothed. Fronds up to 60 cm, imparipinnate; petioles up to 35 cm, 0.4–0.5 cm diameter, brown, dark at lower portion, grooved above. Laminae 20–25 × 18–25 cm, oblong in outline, glabrous, subcoriaceous, dark green; terminal pinna distinct, like lateral one, gemmae often present at junction between rachis and costa of terminal pinna; lateral pinnae 3–4 pairs, alternate, 10–20 × 4–5 cm, ovate-lanceolate, shortly-stalked, 2–4 mm, apex acuminate, base round to acute, margin entire or subentire; veins free, simple or onec forked, extending to margin. Sori more than 1 cm, elongate along veins, longest on acroscopic veinlets of vein group, indusiate; indusia thin. Spores monolete, 62.5–67.5 × 30–40 μm, bilateral, concavo-convex to plano-convex, perispore present; ornamentation: prominent wing folds.

Thailand: —SOUTH-WESTERN:Prachuap Khiri Khan (Huaiyang waterfalls); SOUTH-EASTERN:Chanthaburi (Pong Nam Ron); PENINSULAR: Surat Thani (Khao Khieo range), Nakhon Si Thammarat (Khao Luang, Khao Nan), Trang (Khao Chong), Songkla (Ton Nga Chang national Park), Satun (Kao Khao Yai), Yala (Ban Chana, Ban Malao, Banang Sata, Betong), Narathiwat (Hala-bala).

Distribution: — Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea.

Ecology: —On mountain slopes near streams in dense evergreen forests at low to medium elevations.

Specimens Examined:— THAILAND. Satun, A.F. G. Kerr 14535 (BM); Satun, Kao Khao Yai, Alun 14535 (K); Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Luang, C.F. van Beusekom & C. Phengklai 754 (B); Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Luang, E. Hennipman 3704 (B); ibid., E. Hennipman 3784 (BM); ibid., E. Hennipman 3885 (L), Songkla, Ton Nga Chang national Park, K. Larsen et al. 45770 (QBG); Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Luang, K. Larsen et al. 45868 (QBG); no locality, Kerr 14535 (K); Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Luang, M. Tagawa , K. Iwatsuki & N. Fukuoka T5303 (L); Songkhla, Ton Nga Chang waterfalls, N. Putthisawong 88 (PSU); Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Luang, P. Pongkai 32 (BCU); ibid., P. Pongkai 33 (BCU); ibid., P. Pongkai 36 (BCU); ibid., P. Pongkai 39 (BCU); ibid., P. Pongkai 62 (BCU); ibid., P. Pongkai 63 (BCU); ibid., P. Pongkai 124 (BCU); Chanthaburi, Pong Nam Ron, P. Suksathan 4462 (QBG); Narathiwat,Hala-bala, T. Boonkerd & R. Pollawatn 293 (BCU); Yala, Betong, T. BoonKerd 1165 (BCU); Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Luang, T. Boonkerd, Y. Sirijamorn & C. Sanguansab 237 (BCU); ibid., T. Boonkerd, Y. Sirijamorn & C. Sanguansab 238 (BCU); ibid., T. Boonkerd, Y. Sirijamorn & C. Sanguansab 416 (BCU); ibid., T. Boonkerd, Y. Sirijamorn & C. Sanguansab 451 (BCU); Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Nan, T.B., S.C. & W.K. 140 (BCU); Prachuap Khiri Khan, Huaiyang waterfalls, Y. Yuyen 190 (BCU). INDONESIA. Java, A. Ernst 960 (K); Kalimantan, Burley & J.S. Tukirin 518 (K); Sumatra, C.G. Matthew s.n. (K); Java, D.R. Pleyte 100 (K); ibid., D.R. Pleyte 101 (K); Sumatra, E. Gardette 507 (K); ibid., E. Gardette 508 (K); ibid., E. Gardette 509 (K); ibid., E. Gardette 510 (K); Sunda, E. Schmutz F96 (K); Kalimantan, F.H. Endert 4214 (K); Sulawesi, H.A.B. Bünnemeijer11212 (K); Sumatra, J.A. Lörzing 14730 (K); Java, M. Raciborski s.n. (K); Tehoru, M. Kato, K. Ueda & Z. Fanani C11295 (K); ibid., M. Kato, K. Ueda & Z. Fanani C14038 (K); Seram Mansuela Nat. Park, M. Kato, K. Ueda & Z. Fanani C14352 (K); Tehoru, M. Kato, K. Ueda & Z. Fanani C14419 (K); Seram Mansuela Nat. Park, M. Kato, K. Ueda & Z. Fanani C1688 (K); ibid., M.Kato, K. Ueda & Z. Fanani C1689 (K); Java, N. Wirawan 172 (K); Java, PE-BO Team s.n. (PE); Java, V.F. Schiffner 189 (K); Sumatra, W. Hancock 34 (K); Sumatra, Wardi et al. BOHK305 (K). MALAYSIA. Pahang, A.G. Piggott 2915 (K); Pahang, B. Molesworth-Allen 2377 (K); Sarawak C. Hose 227 (K); Perak, C.G. Matthew s.n. (K); Sarawak C.J. Brooks s.n. (K); Perak Dr. King’s Collector 5171, (K); ibid., Dr. King’s Collector 5171 (K); ibid., Dr. King’s Collector 8388 (K); ibid., Dr. King’s Collector 8388 (K); Selangor, G.H.Addison 37159 (K); Perak, H.N. Ridley 14229 (K); Perak, Hose., G.F. (K); Pahang, I.H. Burkill & R.E. Holltum 1055 (K); Pahang, N. Wallich s.n. (K); Sarawak, P.W. Richards1557 (K); Pahang, R.E.Holltum 11473 (K); ibid., R.E. Holltum23344 (K); Perak, W. Robinson 41 (K); ibid., W. Robinson s.n. (K); Pahang, W.F. Mactier 38 (K); ibid., W.F. Mactier s.n. (K). PAPUA NEW GUINEA. Morobe, B.S. Parris & J.P. Croxall 9525 (K); Morobe, H. Streimann LAE45073 (K); Sogeri, H. Streimann LAE51613 (K); Morobe, R.D. Hoogland s.n. (K); New Ireland, J.R. Croft 193 (K); ibid., J.R. Croft 1947 (K); ibid., J.R. Croft 1975 (K); Misima Island, J.R. Croft 825 (K); ibid., J.R. Croft LAE686286 (K); Morobe, M.G. Bamler 30 (K); New Ireland, M.J.S. Sands, G.A. Pattison & J.J. Wood 2146 (K); Morobe, O.G. Gideon 31 (K); New Britain, P.E. Stevens & Y. Lelean LAE58640 (K); Eastern Highlands Mt., R.J. Johns NGF44642 (K); Madang, W. Takeuchi 11064 (K). PHILIPPINES. Luzon, A.D.E. Elmer 6222 (K); ibid., A.D.E. Elmer 9030 (K); Negros Gimogon River, E.B. Copeland 60 (K); Sulu Archipelago, F.W. Burbidge s.n. (K); Mindanao. R.S. Williams 2510 (K).

Note: —This species is very similar to D. donianum but differs in having erect rhizome and scales with irregularly toothed margins. Gemmae are usually found at the junction between the rachis and the costa of the terminal pinna. Its lower stalks, less than 5 mm long, are shorter than that of D. donianum .

Figures

FIGURE 3. Diplazium bantamense Blume. A, frond with proliferus. B, a part of pinna with sori. C, scale showing toothed and black marginal cells. P. Pongkai 62 (BCU).