Miscogastrinae, Walker, 1833

Burks, Roger, Mitroiu, Mircea-Dan, Fusu, Lucian, Heraty, John M., Jansta, Petr, Heydon, Steve, Papilloud, Natalie Dale-Skey, Peters, Ralph S., Tselikh, Ekaterina V., Woolley, James B., van Noort, Simon, Baur, Hannes, Cruaud, Astrid, Darling, Christopher, Haas, Michael, Hanson, Paul, Krogmann, Lars & Rasplus, Jean-Yves, 2022, From hell's heart I stab at thee! A determined approach towards a monophyletic Pteromalidae and reclassification of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera), Journal of Hymenoptera Research 94, pp. 13-88 : 13

Miscogastrinae

Miscogasteridae Walker, 1833. Type genus: Miscogaster Walker, 1833. Treated as Miscogasterinae by Ashmead (1904). Spelling corrected to Miscogastrinae by Burks (2012).

Diagnosis.

Antenna nearly always with 12 flagellomeres (exception: Andersena Bouček). Mandibles usually not falcate, but sometimes enlarged ( Diconocara Dzhanokmen). Scapula not anteriorly exposed by pronotum. Axilla not strongly advanced. Axillula rarely enlarged, but if so then they are not convex. Propodeum with or without plicae. Petiole variable, either with anterolateral flange extending from ventral surface to form lateral tooth-like protrusions (Fig. 97 ), or simple. If petiole simple, then clypeal margin asymmetrical (Fig. 94 ), or concave ventrally and then clypeus enlarged and nearly adjacent to toruli dorsally (Fig. 92 ).

Discussion.

Distinction of Miscogastrinae from Pteromalinae is best done by tribe, using either the distinctive petiole of Sphegigastrini or the distinctive clypeus of Diconocarini or Miscogastrini . We propose keeping these tribes together as Miscogastrinae , because they form a stable clade in molecular analyses (Cruaud et al., submitted), and because Sphegigastrini also can have an asymmetrical clypeus as in Miscogastrini .

Figures

Figures 97 - 102. 97 Halticoptera sp. (Sphegigastrini): petiole 98 Ormocerus latus Walker (Pteromalidae, Ormocerinae): head frontal view 99 Acroclisoides sinicus (Huang & Liao) (Pteromalidae, Pachyneurinae): head frontal and mandibles 100, 101 Pachycrepoideus sp. (Pachyneurinae) 100 venation 101 propodeum and petiole dorsal view 102 Chlorocytus scandolensis Rasplus (Pteromalidae, Pteromalinae): mesosoma dorsal view.

Figures 91 - 96. 91 Erixestus winnemana Crawford (Pteromalidae, Erixestinae): mesosoma lateral view 92, 93 Diconocara petiolata Dzhanokmen (Pteromalidae, Miscogastrinae, Diconocarini) 92 head frontal view 93 mesosoma dorsal view 94, 95 Thektogaster aberlenci Delvare (Pteromalidae, Miscogastrinae, Miscogastrini) 94 clypeus 95 mesosoma dorsal view 96 Sphegigaster obliqua Graham (Pteromalidae, Miscogastrinae, Sphegigastrini): lower face frontal view.