Eugaster spinulosa ( Johansson, 1763 )

Heller, Klaus-Gerhard, Chobanov, Dragan, Warchałowska-Śliwa, Elżbieta & Hemp, Claudia, 2022, Review of song patterns and sound production in armoured ground crickets (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Hetrodini) with karyological data and taxonomic notes, Zootaxa 5120 (4), pp. 451-481 : 473

Eugaster spinulosa ( Johansson, 1763)

Material examined: 4 males (SR), MOROCCO, N Marakesh, 21.05.2013, N 31.88001, W 007.94920, 568–700 m, leg. Chobanov ( spinulosa brevispina)

Re ferences: Grzeschik 1969, Arias et al. 2012

Bioacoustics. All specimens of Eugaster recorded previously ( Grzeschik 1969, Schmidt et al. 1997, Arias et al. 2012) and by us, showed a calling song consisting of a series of short echemes ( Fig. 5C 2 ; Fig. 10A, B ; see Table 2 ). Each echeme contains between 8 and 12 (once 14; see Grzeschik 1969) syllables. The SRR in these recording varies between 21 and 53 Hz at different and often unknown temperatures. For ERR fewer data are available (1–3.4 Hz) but here a strong and quite strict relationship with temperature is documented with a factor of about four between 15 and 35ºC ( Nielsen 1974). So at present in our opinion there are no data that prove song differences between any named forms. The number of teeth in the stridulatory files is also quite similar between subspecies/species, ranging from 41.4 to 48.0 (means with n =5–30; Grzeschik 1969, p. 103).

Genitalia. See above, E. guyoni .

Chromosomes: 2n = 29 (28 + X0), FN = 29; pairs 1–14 and X chromosome acrocentric [2 males described earlier ( Grzywacz et al. 2015): Morocco, N Marakesh, 21.05.2013, leg. Chobanov ( cf. spinulosa )]; thin paracentromeric C-bands in all chromosomes .

Figures

FIGURE 2. Left and right male tegmina of A Cosmoderus femoralis (CH8627), B Enyaliopsis bloyeti (CH8853), C Eugaster guyoni (CH0656), D Spalacomimus spec. near verruciferus (CH7898). Scale 5 mm.

FIGURE 5. Oscillograms of song types in Hetrodini. Song consisting A of long trills (Cosmoderus femoralis CH8627), B of broken trills (including transitions to long echemes; B1 Spalacomimus talpa, B2 Enyaliopsis jennae, B3 Enyaliopsis ephippiatus) or C of regularly repeated echemes (C1 Spalacomimus spec. near verruciferus, C2 Eugaster guyoni). 1-min-sections.

FIGURE 10. Oscillograms of the calling songs in the genera Eugaster, Eugasteroides and Spalacomimus (figures of S. liberianus based on figures and data from literature; see text). A Eugaster guyoni, B Eugaster spinulosa, C Eugasteroides loricatus, D Spalacomimus liberianus, E Spalacomimus magnus, F Spalacomimus stettinensis, G Spalacomimus talpa, H Spalacomimus verruciferus, I Spalacomimus spec. near verruciferus.