Mytilus herculeus, , Mytilus

Appolloni, Massimo, Smriglio, Carlo, Amati, Bruno, Lugliè, Lorenzo, Nofroni, Italo, Tringali, Lionello P., Mariottini, Paolo & Oliverio, Marco, 2018, Catalogue of the primary types of marine molluscan taxa described by Tommaso Allery Di Maria, Marquis of Monterosato, deposited in the Museo Civico di Zoologia, Roma, Zootaxa 4477 (1), pp. 1-138 : 77-78

herculeus, Mytilus [ Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 ] ( Figures 34M, N )

1884h: 6 [XXXI: 665]—available name

Type material. MCZR –M–9788 —2 sh + 1 v dx “ Myt. Herculeus di Sciacca. ”

MCZR–M–9688 —2 sh “Sciacca”, “ Mytilus herculeus Monts. grande esemplare ‘specimen maximum’ di Sciacca (Sicilia)”.

Type locality. Described from Sciacca (Sicily).

Remarks. Introduced as Mytilus galloprovincialis var. “ herculea ”, the name M. herculeus was raised to the status of species in subsequent works of Monterosato (1891 a: 97, note; 1915: 10). It is a giant form of M. galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 . Recorded by MolluscaBase (2018) as a synonym of Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 .

hyalinus, Mytilus (Dacrydium) [ Dacrydium hyalinum (Monterosato, 1875) ] ( Figures 34O, P )

1875b: 10 [XIII: 236]—available name

Type material. MCZR –M–13973 —20 sh + 13 v “ Mytilus hyalinus Monts ”// 1 sh + 2 frg glued on thin cardboard, from “Messina”// 40 sh + 55 v + 4 frg from Palermo (= “P”, marked on the cork cap). Label on the bottom: “Myt. (Dacrydium) hyalinus Monteros. Palermo 40— 190 m.”

Type locality. Described from Palermo (Sicily) and other localities in the Mediterranean Sea , and Atlantic ?

Remarks. We follow the currently accepted opinion, that Mytilus hyalinus is available from Monterosato (1875b:

10), where size and shape are referred as diagnostic with the Atlantic Dacrydium vitreum (Møller, 1842) , also considering the previous (Monterosato 1872b: 18) more detailed description of the Mediterranean form given by Monterosato. Ockelmann (1983: 120) studied specimens “from Monterosato’s own material” (Palermo), and recorded among them two specimens with several embryos inside (yet he did not report the whereabout of such possible type material). A valve of a further specimen originating from Monterosato in the Locard coll. (MNHN) was figured by Salas (1996: 52, fig. 92). Recorded by MolluscaBase (2018) as Dacrydium hyalinum (Monterosato, 1875) .

solidus , Mytilaster [ Mytilaster solidus Monterosato, 1883 ex H. Martin ms.] ( Figures 35A, B )

1872b: 18 [VI: 100]—nomen nudum

1883a: 89 [XXXa: 603]—available name

Type material. MCZR –M–9552 —4 sh “Mod. solida Martin ms. Etang d’Engrenier d. Martin” MCZR –M–9531 —2 sh “ M. solidus C. di Prov. a.”

Type locality. Described from Martigues ( France), and Palermo (Sicily).

Remarks. Despite the species having been discussed and/or figured by several authors (e.g., Locard, 1889: 155– 158, pl. V, fig. 9; B.D.D., 1890: 149–150, pl. 29, figs 11–14; Bogi et al., 1985: 25; 26, fig. 2; Giannuzzi–Savelli et al., 2001: 111, figs 178–181), its actual identity is still unclear and has been interpreted in quite diverging ways. The whole genus Mytilaster Monterosato, 1883 , needs a careful revision. Recorded by MolluscaBase (2018) as Mytilaster solidus Monterosato, 1883 .

Figures

FIGURE 34. A, B. Leda producta Monterosato, 1880, Palermo (Sicily), 2.4 mm x 4.0 mm, with original label (MCZR–M– 14425); C, D. Silicula tumidula Monterosato, 1880, lectotype, Palermo (Sicily), 0.7 m x 0.9 mm, with original label (MCZR– M–14434); E, F. Nucula apicina Monterosato, 1891, fossil of Santa Flavia (Sicily), 2.7 mm x 2.0 mm, with original label (MCZR–M–30040); G, H. Nucula perminima Monterosato, 1875, Sciacca (Sicily), H. 0.9 mm x 1.5 mm, with original label (MCZR–M–14376); I, J. Arca corbuloides Monterosato, 1880, Civitavecchia (Italy), 75 mm x 53.1 mm with original label (MCZR–M–14178); K, L. Crenella arenaria Monterosato, 1875, Sciacca (Sicily), 2.1 mm x 1.6 mm, with original label (MCZR–M–14017); M, N. Mytilus herculeus Monterosato, 1884, Sciacca (Sicily), 164 mm x 84.5 mm, with original labels (MCZR–M–9788); O, P. Mytilus hyalinus Monterosato, 1875, Palermo (Sicily), 1.9 mm x 1.3 mm, with original label (MCZR– M–13973).

FIGURE 35. A, B. Mytilaster solidus Monterosato, 1883, Etang d’Engrenier (France), 6.8 mm x 4.4 mm, with original label (MCZR–M–9552); C, D. Pecten intermedius Monterosato, 1899, Adriatic Sea, 43.7 mm x 47.4 mm, with original label (MCZR–M–13713); E, F. Proteopecten liburnicus Monterosato, 1899 ex Stossich ms., Narenta (Croatia), 61.5 mm x 66.4 mm, with original labels (MCZR–M–13779); G, H. Monia glauca Monterosato, 1884, Napoli (Italy), 49.7 mm x 51.3 mm, with original label (MCZR–M–13047); I, J. Lima subovata Monterosato, 1872, Palermo (Sicily), 10.5 mm x 7 mm, with original labels (MCZR–M–13127); K, L. Pycnodonta floribunda Monterosato, 1915, Palermo (Sicily), 58 mm x 42.6 mm, with original label (MCZR–M–5520); M, N. Pycnodonta frigida Monterosato, 1915, fossil of Ficarazzi (Sicily), 62 mm x 40.3 mm, with original label (MCZR–M–5588); O, P. Pycnodonta laticardo Monterosato, 1915, Palermo (Sicily), 55.9 mm x 54 mm, with original labels (MCZR–M–5530).