Liriomyza sabaziae Spencer

Lonsdale, Owen, 2011, The Liriomyza (Agromyzidae: Schizophora: Diptera) of California 2850, Zootaxa 2850 (1), pp. 1-123 : 89-91

Liriomyza sabaziae Spencer

Figs 200–203

Liriomyza sabaziae Spencer 1963b: 366 . Spencer 1973b: 60, 1981: 262, 1983: 58, 1984: 23; Spencer & Steyskal 1986: 126.

Wing length 1.8–2.1mm (♂), 2.1–2.3 (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein CuA 1 divided by penultimate section: 2.1–2.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.2–5.4. Scutum subshining.

Chaetotaxy: Two ori (rarely with three on one side), two ors. Acrostichal setulae in four rows.

Colouration: Calypter margin and hairs grey. Head yellow with first flagellomere yellow, posterolateral margin of frons dark to outer vertical bristle and brown to base of inner vertical, and back of head, ocellar triangle and clypeus dark brown. Scutum with complete lateral yellow stripe; katatergite yellow; anatergite brown, becoming darker below scutellum and yellow dorsally lateral to scutellum. Pleuron usually predominantly yellow with lateral and posteroventral stripes on anepisternum, mottling on anepimeron and meron (meron sometimes entirely brown), and katepisternum brown on ventral 2/3 and behind bristle. Legs yellow with base of fore coxa brown, mid and hind coxae light brown with yellow mottling, base of femora sometimes narrowly brown, apex of hind femur sometimes brown, tarsi brown and tibiae brown with base of fore tibia yellow. Abdomen dark brown with lateral margin of tergites yellow.

Genitalia: Figs 200–203 . Surstylus apically setose and with two subapical spines. Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus slightly longer than wide and partially fused to distiphallus; distiphallus and mesophallus with complete ventral suture. Distiphallus slightly longer than wide, base narrow, rounded and dark laterally, and distal half thin-walled and enclosing paired fringed projections. Ejaculatory apodeme with evenly pigmented pileus ejaculatorius; base of duct lightly pigmented; blade narrow, gradually blending into stem, and pale with distal margin clear.

Variation: Pale EMEC male with one spine on surstylus and distolateral margins of basiphallus produced. Male from Ash Mountain darker: anepisternum with only anterior margin and dorsal 1/3 yellow, ventral 1/3 of katatergite brown, meron only yellow dorsally, katepisternum brown to level of bristle, femora with additional light streaking, fore tibia entirely brown and mid and hind coxae entirely brown. Male from WA differs as follows: wing length 1.6mm, length of ultimate section of vein CuA 1 divided by penultimate section 3.2, dorsal half of anepisternum yellow, katepisternum slightly darker, femora entirely yellow, distiphallus paler and ejaculatory apodeme with relatively long, thin stem. Males from Santa Barbara Co. (two ex. Carduus pycnocephalus ) differ as follows: scutum glossy; eye 6.5 times higher than gena; posterolateral corner of frons with faint brown spot not touching base of vertical bristles; thoracic colouration characteristic of paler specimens described above; base of mid coxa brown; femora entirely yellow; base of fore tibia brown; distiphallus slightly shorter and paraphalli present.

Hosts. Asteraceae — Baccharis , Bidens pilosa , Carduus pycnocephalus , Cirsium arvense , C. congdonii *, C. edule , C. tioganum *, C. vulgare, Dahliaimperialis, Dahlia sp., Galinsoga caracasana , Galinsoga quadriradiata [mines only], Galinsoga sp. , Gnaphalium , Piqueria trinervia , Sabazia urticaefolia , Salvia millifera , Silybum marianum ( Spencer, 1981, 1983, 1984, 1990). Spencer (1983) also notes mines possibly attributable to L. sabaziae on Melanthera aspera , Elvira biflora and Alomia microcarpa . “ Marigold ” [ Calendula or Tagetes ]*, possibly as an adult.

Range. USA. California [Alameda, Del Norte*, Imperial[?], Kern*, Los Angeles*, Mendocino*, Modoc*, Orange *, Riverside*, San Bernardino*, San Diego*, San Luis Obispo*, Santa Barbara*, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Tulare*, Ventura, Yolo*], Washington. Colombia. Costa Rica. Venezuela.

Type material. Holotype, VENEZUELA. Caracas nr. Humboldt Hotel, em. 22.xii.1958, from leaf-mine on Sabazia urticaefolia (H.B.K.) DC, found 3.xii.1958 (1♂, BMNH). [Not examined]

Additional material examined. USA. California: Alameda Co., Berkeley , “Aug. ‘15”, A.L. Melander (2♂, USNM) , Berkeley , 14.ix.1948, ex. larva Cirsium edule Nutt., Lot No. 63-1 (2♂ 1♀ [slide], CASC) , Berkeley , 24.ix.1948, ex. larva Cirsium arvense Nutt., Lot No. 63-1 (1♂ [slide], CASC) , Berkeley , 24.ix.1948, ex. larva Cirsium edule Nutt., Lot No. 63-1 (1♀ [slide], CASC) , Berkeley , 26.ix.1948, ex. larva Carduus pycnocephalus L., Lot No. 22-2 (1♂ 1♀ [slide], CASC) , Berkeley , 26.ix.1948, ex. larva Silybum marianum Gaertn., Lot No. 64-1 (2♂ 2♀ [slide], CASC) , Berkeley , 26.x.1963, P.A. Rude (2♂, EMEC) , Del Norte, Six Rivers NF For Route 16N02, nr. Bear Basin Outlk , 41.8016°N, 123.7369°W, 1500m, 3.vi-24.vii.2009, P. Kerr & O. Lonsdale (1♂, CSCA) , Kern Co., Evans Meadow , 30.viii.1983, R. D. Goeden & D.W. Ricker, insectary reared on Cirsium vulgare (Savi) (1♂ 4♀, UCR) , Los Angeles Co., Sta. Monica Mts., Beverly Glen Cyn. , 19.v.1971, E.M. Fisher (2♂ 2♀, CASC) , Westwood Hills , vi.1941, ex. Bidens pilosa, R.M. Bohart (1♂, UCR) , Westwood Hills , 10.x.1940, ex. Dahlia, R. M. Bohart (1♂ 2♀, UCR) , Westwood Hills , 20.x.1940, ex. Marigold, R. M. Bohart (2♂ 1♀, UCR) , Westwood Hills , 9.x.1940, ex. Marigold, R. M. Bohart (2♀, UCR) , Los Angeles, xii.1942, R. H. Smith x Dahlia leaf (2♂ 1♀, UCR) , Mendocino Co., UC Hopland Fld. Sta. , nr H.Q., 880’, 2.vi.1968, dry ice Malaise trap, W.J. Turner (1♂, EMEC) , Modoc Co., Cedar Pass Campground , 11.viii.1967, 1800m, P.H. Arnaud, Jr. (1♂, CASC) , Orange Co., Buena Park , 23.xii.1944, A.L. Melander (2♂ [same pin], USNM) , Laguna Beach , 28.iii.1935, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM) , Yorba Linda , 28.v.1968, R. D. Goeden & D.W. Ricker, insectary reared from Silybum marianum L. (1♂, CSCA) , Riverside Co., Riverside, A.L. Melander , 19.v.1935 (1♂, USNM) , 22.ii.1935 (1♂, USNM) , San Bernardino Co., Fish Creek Meadow, R. D. Goeden & D.W. Ricker, insectary reared on Cirsium congdonii Moore&Franklin , leaf, 17.vii.1984 (1♂ 1♀, UCR) , 3.vii.1984 (1♂ 1♀, UCR) , San Diego Co., Gavilan Hills , 16.iv.1997, M. Gates, ex. upper serpentine mines on Salvia millifera (1♂, USNM) , Lake Cuyamaca , 31.v.1984, R. D. Goeden & D.W. Ricker, insectary reared on Cirsium tioganum (Congd.) (2♀, UCR) , San Luis Obispo Co., Montana de Oro St. Pk., dunes, 3mi SW Los Osos, M. Wasbauer & P. Adams, 13–15.viii.1983, Malaise trap 9A–5P (1♂, CSCA) , Malaise trap 10A–4P, 16–17.viii.1983 (2♂, CSCA) , Pozo , 28.iv.1962, R. L. Langston (1♂, EMEC) , Santa Barbara Co., Santa Barbara , 6.v.1971, R. D. Goeden & D.W. Ricker, insectary reared on Carduus pycnocephalus L. (2♂, USNM) , Sta. Cruz Island, Central Vy. , 26.ix.1978, J. Powell (1♂, EMEC) , Tulare Co., Sequoia National Park, Ash Mtn. , 3.x.1947, R. Coleman (1♂, USNM) , Fairview , 10mi S, 2.v.1964, C.A. Toschi (1♂, EMEC) , Ventura Co., Point Mugu State park, Sycamore Canyon , 26.vi.1996, M. Gates, upper leaf surface serpentine mine on Cirsium vulgare (1♂ [with puparium], USNM) , complete serpentine leaf mine on Silybum marianum (2♂ [with puparia], USNM) , mouth of Ventura River , 24.iv.1966, J. Powell (1♀, EMEC) , Santa Cruz Island , Prisoner’s Harbor Cr., 1.v.1966, A.J. Slater (1♀, EMEC) , Yolo Co., Woodland , 13.x.1965, E.J. Sherman (1♂, CASC) , Washington: Union Flat. , 9.vii.1916, A.L. Melander (2♂, USNM) .

Comments. Liriomyza sabaziae is a relatively common species in California found on numerous Asteraceae . The most reliable character by which to identify this species is the distiphallus, which is small, translucent, simple and cup-like, as seen in a number of other Liriomyza , but the base (ventral view) is semi-circular and much darker laterally. There are also two subapical spines on the surstylus and the paraphallus is often absent.

Figures

FIGURES 200–203. L. sabaziae Spencer, male genitalia; 200: ejaculatory apodeme; 201: external components, ventral; 202: phallus, left lateral; 203: phallus, ventral.