Chisosa caquetio Huber, 2019

Huber, Bernhard A. & Carvalho, Leonardo S., 2019, Filling the gaps: descriptions of unnamed species included in the latest molecular phylogeny of Pholcidae (Araneae), Zootaxa 4546 (1), pp. 1-96 : 31-33

Chisosa caquetio Huber sp. n.

Figs 105–113

Gen.n. Geneve59: Eberle et al. 2018 (molecular data); Huber et al. 2018: fig. 2.

Type material. NETHERLANDS ANTILLES: ♂ holotype, ZFMK (Ar 20618), Curaçao, Jan Kok Lodges (12.217°N, 69.051°W), Winkler extraction, sieved litter from garden, 12–13.ix.2011 (R. Jocqué, E. Tybaert) .

Other material examined. NETHERLANDS ANTILLES, Curaçao: 1♂ 4♀ 3 juvs in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Ar 20619), same data as holotype . 1♂ 6♀ 2 juvs, MHNG, Grot van Hato [12.180°N, 68.948°W], 9–11.ii.1985 (P. Strinati, V. Aellen). 1♂ 2♀ 5 juvs, MHNG, Grot van San Pedro [~ 12.255°N, 69.044°W], 13.ii.1985 (P. Strinati, V. Aellen).

Aruba: 3♂ 5♀ 3 juvs, MHNG, Cueba de Quadirikiri [12.482°N, 69.898°W], 12.ii.1985 (P. Strinati, V. Aellen) . 1♀, MHNG, Tunnel of Love [12.466°N, 69.897°W], 12.ii.1985 (P. Strinati, V. Aellen) . 1♀ 2 juvs, MHNG, Grot van Fontein [12.495°N, 69.907°W], 12.ii.1985 (P. Strinati, V. Aellen).

Etymology. The species remembers the Caquetio Indians, natives of Curaçao, Aruba, and neighboring regions at the time of the Spanish conquest; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis. Easily distinguished from known congeners by male chelicerae ( Figs 107–108 ; four cone-shaped apophyses on each side), by procursus and genital bulb ( Figs 105–106 ; distinctive shapes of processes), and by external and internal female genitalia ( Figs 109 , 112–113 ; anterior epigynal plate without pair of pockets; pore plates far apart; female of C. baja unknown). From most Arteminae also distinguished by small body size.

Description. Male (holotype). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 0.80, carapace width 0.40. Distance PME-PME 30 µm; diameter PME 50 µm; distance PME-ALE 20 µm; distance AME-AME 5 µm, diameter AME 10 µm. Leg 1: 2.30 (0.60 + 0.15 + 0.60 + 0.65 + 0.30), tibia 2: 0.50, tibia 3 missing, tibia 4: 0.60; tibia 1 L/d: 10.

COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace pale ochre-yellow with three pairs of marginal black spots and median Y-shaped mark; sternum whitish, legs pale ochre-yellow. Abdomen monochromous, pale greenish-gray.

BODY. Habitus as in Figs 110–111 . Ocular area barely elevated, thoracic furrow absent; clypeus unmodified. Sternum slightly wider than long (0.26/0.24), unmodified.

CHELICERAE. As in Figs 107–108 , with several sclerotized cones; without modified hairs; with stridulatory ridges. PALPS. As in Figs 105–106 ; coxa unmodified, trochanter with ventral rounded projection, femur very strong, with stridulatory pick (modified hair) proximally, patella ventrally reduced, tarsus proximally unsclerotized, procursus with dorsal apophysis and ventral pocket, bulb with complex set of projections.

LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 62%; prolateral trichobothrium present on all tibiae; tarsus 1 with 5–6 pseudosegments, poorly visible.

Male (variation). Tibia 1 in 5 other males: 0.57–0.72 (mean 0.68). Males from caves tend to have longer legs (tibia 1: 0.68–0.72 versus 0.57–0.60). The males from Aruba appear slightly different, with larger palps, minimally different procursus and bulb shapes and with the most distal pair of cheliceral apophyses slightly less diverging; one male from Aruba without AME.

Female. In general similar to male. Tibia 1 in 17 females: 0.50–0.68 (mean 0.61). Females from caves tend to have longer legs (tibia 1: 0.54–0.68 versus 0.50–0.53). Epigynum simple externally ( Figs 112–113 ), with additional small plate anteriorly and large posterior plate. Internal genitalia with pair of oval pore plates wide apart ( Fig. 109 ).

Distribution. Known from Curaçao and Aruba ( Fig. 344 ).

Figures

FIGURE 344. Known distribution of Chisosa caquetio sp. n.; note the small geographic distance to Bonaire and to the Venezuelan Paraguana Peninsula, suggesting that the same or closely related species might occur on Bonaire and in mainland South America.

FIGURES 105–109. Chisosa caquetio sp. n. (ZFMK, Ar 20619). 105–106. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 107. Male chelicerae, lateral view. 108. Male prosoma, frontal view. 109. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. da, dorsal apophysis; gb, genital bulb; pr, procursus. Scale lines: 0.1 (107), 0.2 (105–106, 109), 0.3 (108).

FIGURES 110–116. Chisosa caquetio sp. n. (ZFMK, Ar 20618–19) and Pemona sapo sp. n. (ZFMK, Ven02/100-1 and Ar 20621). 110–111, 115–116. Males, dorsal and lateral views. 112–114. Epigyna, ventral views. Scale lines: 0.3 (112–114), 0.5 (110–111, 115–116).