Pinocchio barauna Huber & Carvalho, 2019

Huber, Bernhard A. & Carvalho, Leonardo S., 2019, Filling the gaps: descriptions of unnamed species included in the latest molecular phylogeny of Pholcidae (Araneae), Zootaxa 4546 (1), pp. 1-96 : 36-38

Pinocchio barauna Huber & Carvalho sp. n.

Figs 123–134 , 322

Gen.n. Br15-159: Eberle et al. 2018 (molecular data); Huber et al. 2018: fig. 2.

Type material. BRAZIL: ♂ holotype, UFMG (22730) , 2♀ paratypes, UFMG (22731, 22704), 3♀ paratypes, CHNUFPI (2288, 2499), and 6♀ paratypes, ZFMK (Ar 20622), Rio Grande do Norte, near Baraúna, Parque Nacional de Furna Feia , Caverna Porco do Mato II (5°02.80’S, 37°32.39’W), 160 m a.s.l., 7.vi.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) .

Other material examined. BRAZIL: 1♀, ZFMK (Br15-266) ; 2♀, CHNUFPI (2484, 2497); and 2♀, UFMG (22705–06), all in pure ethanol, same data as types .

Etymology. The species name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis. Easily distinguished from other Ninetinae by modification of male clypeus ( Figs 132–133 ; pointed median process), by shape of male palpal femur ( Fig. 131 ; strongly widened on ventral side), by complex structures distally on procursus ( Figs 130–131 ; distinctive black process dorsally, distal part with black scales), by distinctive sclerotized and membranous structures distally on genital bulb process ( Figs 130–131 ), and by large median dark structure in internal female genitalia ( Figs 129 , 134 ).

Description. Male (holotype). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 1.07 (1.17 with clypeus process), carapace width 0.48. Distance PME-PME 40 µm; diameter PME 50 µm; distance PME-ALE 15 µm; distance AME-AME 10 µm, diameter AME 20 µm. Leg 1: 2.08 (0.60 + 0.17 + 0.57 + 0.47 + 0.27), tibia 2: 0.47, tibia 3: 0.40, tibia 4: 0.63; tibia 1 L/d: 7.5.

COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs ochre-yellow. Abdomen monochromous ochre-gray.

BODY. Habitus as in Figs 123–126 . Ocular area barely elevated; thoracic furrow absent; clypeus with distinctive median process bent upwards at tip ( Figs 132–133 ). Sternum slightly wider than long (0.34/0.30), with distinct pair of anterior humps ( Fig. 132 ).

CHELICERAE. With pair of simple frontal apophyses and very indistinct stridulatory ridges (barely visible in dissecting microscope; Figs 132–133 ).

PALPS. As in Figs 130–131 ; coxa unmodified, trochanter barely modified; femur proximally with stridulatory scape (modified hair), distally strongly widened on ventral side; tibia almost globular, procursus with distinctive black process dorsally, distal part with many tines (or scales); bulb with complex process, opening of sperm duct not seen.

Legs. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 60%; tibia 1 without prolateral trichobothrium (present on other tibiae); tarsus 1 with few pseudosegments (~4, poorly visible in dissecting microscope).

Female. In general similar to male but without humps on sternum and without process on clypeus; chelicerae without stridulatory ridges (checked in SEM). Tibia 1 in 11 females: 0.46–0.53 (mean 0.49). Epigynum simple externally ( Fig. 127 ), semicircular anterior plate and more weakly sclerotized posterior plate. Internal genitalia with distinctive dark median structure (receptacle?), apparently without pore plates ( Figs 129 , 134 ). ALS with one widened, one pointed, and apparently 5–6 cylindrically shaped spigots ( Fig. 322 ).

Distribution. Known from type locality only ( Fig. 345 ).

Natural history. This species was found in the twilight zone of a cave ( Fig. 338 ), under rocks and small stones on the ground. The cave is located in a semiarid Caatinga area.

Figures

FIGURE 345. Type localities of the type species of four monotypic genera newly described herein.

FIGURES 123–129. Pinocchio barauna sp. n. (male: UFMG 22730; female: ZFMK, Ar 20622). 123–124. Live male (holotype). 125–126. Male (holotype), dorsal and lateral views. 127. Epigynum, ventral view. 128–129. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. Scale lines: 0.5 (125–126), 0.2 (127–129).

FIGURES 130–131. Pinocchio barauna sp. n. (UFMG 22730). Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. gb, genital bulb; pr, procursus. Scale line: 0.3.

FIGURES 132–134. Pinocchio barauna sp. n. (male: UFMG 22730; female: ZFMK, Ar 20622). Male prosoma, frontal and oblique lateral views; arrow points at anterior process on sternum. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3 (132– 133), 0.2 (134).

FIGURES 322–328. Pinocchio barauna sp. n. (322, ZFMK, Ar 20622) and Saciperere catuaba sp. n. (323–328, ZFMK, Ar 20635). 322. Female spinnerets. 323. Male tibia 1 (arrows point at ‘vertical’ hairs). 324–325. Male and female prosomata. 326. Process of left male genital bulb (arrow points at sperm duct opening). 327. Male palpal tarsal organ. 328. Proximal male cheliceral apophyses, frontal view. ALS, anterior lateral spinneret; PMS, posterior median spinneret; pto, palpal tarsal organ. Scale lines: 2 µm (327), 10 µm (322–323, 328), 20 µm (326), 100 µm (324–325).

FIGURES 336–341. Selection of collecting sites and habitats. 336. Forest above Mokwam (West Papua), type locality of Arnapa arfak sp. n. and Aetana mokwam sp. n. 337. Tinoor Fall near Tomohon (North Sulawesi), type locality of Arnapa tinoor sp. n. 338. Entrance to Caverna Porco do Mato II (Rio Grande do Norte), type locality of Pinocchio barauna sp. n. 339. Desert between Sur and Kamil (Oman), type locality of Magana velox sp. n. 340. Bromeliad at Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Nacional Serra Bonita (Bahia), type locality of Psilochorus bromelicolus sp. n. (note pair of spiders among leaves). 341. Disturbed forest near Sofifi (Halmahera), type locality of Giloloa sofifi sp. n. and Panjange togutil sp. n.