Bredia Blume, Mus. Bot. 1: 25. 1849, emend. R.C. Zhou & Ying Liu

Zhou, Qiu-Jie, Dai, Jin-Hong, Lin, Che-Wei, Denda, Tetsuo, Zhou, Ren-Chao & Liu, Ying, 2019, Recircumscription of Bredia and resurrection of Tashiroea (Sonerileae, Melastomataceae) with description of a new species T. villosa, PhytoKeys 127, pp. 121-150 : 134

Bredia Blume, Mus. Bot. 1: 25. 1849, emend. R.C. Zhou & Ying Liu

Type.

Bredia hirsuta Blume, Mus. Bot. 1(2): 25. f. 4. 1849.

Description.

Shrubs, shrublets or herbs, erect, ascending or creeping. Stems terete or more or less 4-sided, sparsely to densely puberulous, rarely glabrescent. Leaves petiolate; leaf blade ovate, cordate, oblong, elliptic, ovate-orbicular, rarely lanceolate, papery, rarely submembranous, sparsely to densely puberulous or strigose, secondary veins 2-5 on each side of midvein, margin serrulate or entire. Inflorescences terminal, umbellate, cymes or cymose panicles. Flowers 4-merous. Hypanthium funnel shaped to campanulate. Calyx lobes conspicuous, linear-lanceolate to triangular. Petals pink or purplish red, ovate to oblong, more or less oblique, apex acute or acuminate. Stamens 8, unequal or subequal; filaments filiform; anthers dimorphic or isomorphic, subulate to oblong-linear, gibbose, tuberculate or spurred at base, rarely unappendaged abaxially. Ovary half inferior, crowned, ovoid, 4-celled. Style filiform; stigma apiculate. Capsule turbinate to cup-shaped, more or less 4-sided, crown persistent and enlarged, enclosing an inverted frustum-shaped depression at capsule apex. Seed numerous, minute, cuneate, densely granulate. ( Figs 3 , 7 , 5 E–H, M–P , 8 E–H, M–P )

Distribution.

Twenty-one species: 15 in central and southern mainland China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan, Zhejiang), one in north Vietnam, five in Taiwan and one extending to the Ryukyu islands ( Fig. 13 ).

Figures

Figure 3. Leaf morphology of the Bredia clade. A B. changii (Y. Liu 548) B B. guidongensis (Y. Liu 472) C B. hirsuta (Y. Liu 634) D B. longiradiosa var. pulchella (Y. Liu 485) E B. microphylla (Y. Liu 551) F B. plagiopetala (Y. Liu 460) G B. tuberculata (Y. Liu 629) H B. yunnanensis (Y. Liu 627).

Figure 5. Trichomes in the Tashiroea clade and the Bredia clade. A-D Micrographs of trichomes in the Tashiroea clade: A sessile gland with thin-walled head in T. nudipes (Y. Liu 435) B multiseriate trichomes in T. amoena (Y. Liu 571) C appressed uniseriate trichomes with glandular heads in T. nudipes (Y. Liu 435) D yellowish uniseriate trichomes (branched or unbranched) in T. quadrangularis (Y. Liu 585). E-H Micrographs of trichomes in the Bredia clade: E sessile gland with thin-walled head in B. longiradiosa var. pulchella (Y. Liu 485) F multiseriate trichomes in B. repens (Y. Liu 558) G appressed uniseriate trichomes with glandular heads in B. gibba (Y. Liu 566) H spreading uniseriate trichomes in B. hirsuta (Y. Liu 563). I-L Stereoscopic images of the Tashiroea clade, showing buds covered in yellowish uniseriate trichomes I T. amoena (Y. Liu 571) J T. nudipes (Y. Liu 435) K T. quadrangularis (Y. Liu 585) L T. yaeyamensis (Y. Liu 631). M-P Stereoscopic images of the Bredia clade, showing buds without yellowish uniseriate trichomes: M B. dulanica (Y. Liu 565) N B. gibba (Y. Liu 566) O B. gracilis (Y. Liu 457) P B. yunnanensis (Y. Liu 627). Scale bars: 100 μm (A-H); 1 mm (I-P).

Figure 7. Stamen morphology in the Bredia clade. A-E Dimorphic stamens: A B. esquirolii (Y. Liu 587) B B. hirsuta (Y. Liu 563) C B. hirsuta var. scandens (Y. Liu 539) D B. rotundifolia (Y. Liu 538) E B. tuberculata (Y. Liu 629). F-O Isomorphic stamens: F B. fordii (Y. Liu 444) G B. fordii var. micrantha (Y. Liu 580) H B. gracilis (Y. Liu 457) I B. guidongensis (Y. Liu 472) J B. longearistata (Y. Liu 496) K B. longiradiosa var. pulchella (Y. Liu 485) L B. microphylla (Y. Liu 551) M B. plagiopetala (Y. Liu 460) N B. repens (Y. Liu 558) O B. yunnanensis (Y. Liu 627). Scale bar: 5 mm.

Figure 8. Longitudinal section of ovary (A-H) and old fruit (I-P). A-D Tashiroea clade, crowned or uncrowned ovaries at anthesis: A T. amoena (Y. Liu 571) B T. quadrangularis (Y. Liu 585) C T. biglandularis (Y. Liu 553) D T. sinensis (Y. Liu 569). E-H Bredia clade, crowned ovaries at anthesis: E B. hirsuta (Y. Liu 563) F B. fordii var. micrantha (Y. Liu 580) G B. plagiopetala (Y. Liu 459) H B. longiradiosa var. pulchella (Y. Liu 485). I-L Tashiroea clade, uncrowned, rarely crowned capsules: I T. amoena (Y. Liu 571) J T. biglandularis (Y. Liu 553) K T. sinensis (Y. Liu 569) L T. oligotricha (Y. Liu 468). M-P Bredia clade, crowned capsules: M B. dulanica (Y. Liu 565) N B. fordii (Y. Liu 444) O B. latisepala (Y. Liu 557) P B. repens (Y. Liu 558). Scale bars: 2 mm.

Figure 13. Distribution of Bredia.