Tanypodinae, Skuse, 1889

Cranston, Peter S. & Tang, Hongqu, 2024, An identification guide to the genera of aquatic larval Chironomidae (Diptera) of south-east Asia, Zootaxa 5497 (2), pp. 151-193 : 161-162

Tanypodinae : Macropelopiini

The tribe Macropelopiini is represented in the region by several rather similar looking genera, differentiated only with difficulty in the larval stage. Several occur only at boundaries of the oriental region at elevation (e.g. northern Thailand, Burma, and the transitional zone of oriental and palaearctic China ( Tang & Niitsuma 2020b, Tang pers. obs.). Keys are based on extralimital larvae.

1 Mandible with several teeth in dorsal and ventral rows or on inner side of mandible ( Fig. 6F, G )....................... 2

1’ Mandible with 1–2 small inner/accessory teeth and variably developed, tooth-like mola............................. 3

2(1) Mandible lacks dorsal (surface) teeth ( Fig. 6F ). Ligula with all teeth tapering to anteriorly-directed point ( Fig. 6H ). Pecten hypopharyngis with c. 20 short teeth..................................................... Psectrotanypus Kieffer [small lotic, lentic waterbodies, P. lateralis Cheng & Wang , P. varius (Fabricius) , oriental China (inc. Guangdong, Fujian, Yunnan, Sichuan), Holarctic, Neotropical]

2’ Mandible with dorsal (surface) teeth ( Fig. 6G ). Ligula with points of outer teeth directed outward ( Fig. 6I ). Pecten hypopharyngis with c. 30 long teeth................................................................... Derotanypus Roback [montane streams, L, Pe, oriental China (Yunnan, Sichuan), Tibet. Holarctic]

3(1) Palp with ring organ located basal ( Fig. 6J )................................................................. 4

3’ Palp with ring organ located in middle or more apical ( Fig. 6K )................................................. 5

4(3) Distinct labral sclerite anterior to labral rod. Cephalic S9 plumose. Several small posterior parapod claws with wide base............................................................................... Bilyjomyia Niitsuma & Watson [springs, seeps, headwaters; B. parallela Niitsuma , oriental China (Guangdong), Japan; Holarctic. Niitsuma 2014]

4’ Lacking labral sclerite. Cephalic S9 simple. No posterior parapod claw with wide base......... Macropelopia Thienemann [slow, lotic; M. kibunensis (Tokunaga) , oriental China (Guangdong), M. pergrandis Tang & Niitsuma , oriental China (Yunnan), + several spp, inc. unverified L. records (Yunnan, Hubei, Fujian), Thailand; Holarctic inc. Nepal; doubtful Neotropical, Australia. Inc. Bethbilbeckia Fittkau & Murray )]

5(3) Apex of dorsomental plate with bluntly pointed median extension ( Fig. 6M ). One to 4 small claws of posterior parapod with expanded base ( Fig. 6L )................................................................ Brundiniella Roback [lotic, small streams, B. galbina (Wang, Cheng & Wang) , oriental China (Yunnan), Thailand (Doi Inthanon,> 1000 m.); Japan; Holarctic]

5’ Apex of dorsomental plate not medially pointed. Small claws of posterior parapod lack dilate base..................... 6

6(5) Points of inner teeth of ligula curved outward ( Fig. 6N ). Dorsomentum with 4 large teeth ( Fig. 6O )... Apsectrotanypus Fittkau [small, cool, lotic; A. yoshimurai (Tokunaga) , oriental China (Zhejiang). Holarctic inc. Nepal, India (as Chaudhuriomyia Paul & Mazumdar ; Australia, N.Z. (as Macropelopia )]

6’ Inner teeth of ligula directed anteriorly ( Fig. 6Q ). Dorsomentum with 5 large teeth ( Fig. 6P )... Radotanypus Fittkau & Murray [slow lotic, bog drains; Thailand (Doi Inthanon, ZSM); oriental/palaearctic border China, at elevation> 2800 m.; Holarctic]

Figures

FIGURE 6. Tanypodinae genera. Djalmabatista, (A) antenna, (B) mentum, (C) anterior parapods; Procladius, (D) ligula, (E) anterior head; Psectrotanypus, (F) mandible; Derotanypus, (G) mandible; Psectrotanypus, (H) ligula; Derotanypus, (I) ligula, paraligula; Bilyjomyia, (J) palp; Brundiniella, (K) palp, (L) posterior parapod claws, (M) mentum, pseudoradula; Apsectrotanypus, (N) ligula, (O) mentum; Radotanypus, (P) mentum, (Q) ligula, paraligula and pecten hypopharyngis.