Gasteruption caucasicum ( Guerin-Meneville , 1844)

van Achterberg, Cornelis & Talebi, Ali Asghar, 2014, Review of Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera, Gasteruptiidae) from Iran and Turkey, with the description of 15 new species, ZooKeys 458, pp. 1-187 : 56-58

Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Gasteruptiidae

Gasteruption caucasicum ( Guerin-Meneville, 1844) Figs 63-79

Foenus caucasicus Guérin-Méneville, 1844: 406.

Faenus caucasicus ; Abeille de Perrin 1879: 278.

Gasteruption caucasicum ; Schletterer 1885: 304; Kieffer 1912: 265; Hedicke 1939: 8; van Achterberg 2013: 82.

Foenus pedemontanus Tournier, 1877: vii.

Faenus pedemontanus ; Abeille de Perrin 1879: 263, 265, 268.

Gasteruption pedemontanum ; Schletterer 1885: 282, 1889: 382, 388, 394, 395, 413; Dalla Torre 1902: 1070; Szépligeti 1903: 367; Kieffer 1902: 9, 1904a: 407, 1912: 248; Lindemans 1921: 297-298; Schmiedeknecht 1930: 376, 380; Hedicke 1939: 18; Hellén 1950: 3; Ferrière 1946: 237, 238, 246; Stohl 1947a: 1, 1947b: 275; Leclercq 1948: 77; Crosskey 1951: 291; Šedivý 1958: 35, 36, 41; Györfi and Bajári 1962: 46, 49; Schmidt 1969: 295; Hedqvist 1973: 186; Dolfuss 1982: 24; Oehlke 1983: 168, 171, 180; Madl 1987a: 404, 1987b: 24, 1988a: 13, 16, 1989a: 161, 1989b: 44, 1990a: 129, 1990b: 480, 483; Kozlov 1988: 246, 247; Kofler and Madl 1990: 322; Peeters 1996: 134; Narolsky and Shcherbal 1991: 24; Wall 1994: 161; Scaramozzino 1995: 3; Neumayer et al. 1999: 220; Pagliano and Scaramozzino 2000: 15, 17, 32; Saure 2001: 29; Yildirim et al. 2004: 1351; van der Smissen 2010: 373; van Achterberg 2013: 82 (synonymized with Gasteruption caucasicum ).

Gasteryption pedemontanum ; Semenov 1892: 206.

Foenus terrestris Tournier, 1877: viii; Thomson 1883: 847; Wall 1994: 149 (as synonym of Gasteruption pedemontanum (Tournier)). Syn. n.

Foenus terrestre ; Hedqvist 1973: 186 (as synonym of Gasteruption pedemontanum (Tournier).

Faenus terrestris ; Abeille de Perrin 1879: 263, 265, 269.

Gasteruption terrestre ; Schletterer 1885: 284, 1889: 382, 388, 394, 395, 414; Dalla Torre 1902: 1073; Szépligeti 1903: 368; Kieffer 1912: 247; Schmiedeknecht 1930: 376, 380; Hedicke 1939: 22; Ferrière 1946: 247 (as synonym of Gasteruption pedemontanum (Tournier)); Hellén, 1950: 3 (id.); Šedivý 1958: 41 (id.).

Gasteryption terrestre ; Semenov 1892: 206.

Gasteruption trifossulatum Kieffer 1904b: 557; 1912: 268; Hedicke 1939: 19 (as synonym of Gasteruption pedemontanum (Tournier)); Madl 1988c: 39 (as synonym of Gasteruption pedemontanum (Tournier)); Wall 1994: 149. Syn. n.

Gasteruption ignoratum Kieffer, 1912: 248; Hedicke 1939: 14. Syn. n.

Type material.

Holotype of Gasteruption caucasicum ♀ (MCG), " Foenus caucasicus Guer. Ic. R.A. [= Iconographie du Règne Animal de Georges Cuvier], (type), Caucase, Motschulsky", "Museo Genova, coll. G. Gribodo (asquisto 1924)". Holotype of Gasteruption pedemontanum , ♀ (MHNG), "[Italy], Aosta, [Piemonte], 6.vii.[18]76", "Cn Tournier", “Type”, Foenus pedemontanum Tourn., ♀". Lectotype of Gasteruption terrestris here designated, ♀ (MHNG), "[Switzerland], P. [= Peney, near Genève], 16.viii.[18]76", "Cn Tournier", “Type”, " Foenus terrestris Tourn., ♀", "Lectotypus, des. Madl, 1987", " Gasteruption pedemontanum Tour., det. Madl, 1986"; paralectotypes: topotypic, 1 ♀ (MHNG) with same date of collecting as lectotype and 1 ♂ (MNHG) collected 21.vi.1875. Holotype of Gasteruption trifossulatum Kieffer ♂ (NHRS) from Egypt examined by Madl 1988c. Type series of Gasteruption ignoratum consists of 2 ♂ + 2 ♀ from S France identified by Abeille de Perrin as Foenus terrestris ; lectotype ♂ (MNHN) from Marseille here designated, "Museum Paris, coll. Abeille de Perrin, 1919", "terrestris Tourn., Mll."; the metasoma is missing.

Additional material.

Iran (Tehran, Shahriar, Chalous Road; id., Shahrestanak; Gilan, Astaneh, Eshman Kamachal; Roodsar, Ziaz; Qazvin, Zereshk Road); Turkey (Hakkari, Mt. Sat, Varegös, SW of Yüksekova, 1700 m; id., Akcali, 35 km S of Hakkari, 1700 m; Birecik, Halfeti; Erkenek, 80 km SW of Malatya; Sultan Daglari, near Yalvac; Antalya, east of dunes; Mersin, Kuzucubelen; Bursa, near Caglian; Denizli, 10 km NE of Denizli, 290 m; Burdur, 20 km SW of Burdur, 940 m; Hakkari, Akcali, 35 km S of Hakkari, 1700 m; near Akyaka, 40 m; Mansisa, 35 km SEE of Salihli, 900 m; Fethiye, Mugla; Mugla, near Göktepe; Anatalya, 5 km W of Manavgat, Side, 10 m; id., 10 km SW of Manavgat, 50 m; Marmaris; Bitez, 8 km W of Bodrum; Adana, 10 km S of Karatepe, 200 m).

Diagnosis.

Apex of ovipositor sheath with a distinct white or ivory band, 0.7-1.6 times as long as hind basitarsus; head with middle depression in front of occipital carina very deep and wider than long and with two more or less developed lateral depressions (Figs 63, 68, 72, 76), rarely lateral depressions obsolescent; occipital carina distinctly lamelliform and medium-sized to wide (Figs 63, 72); antesternal carina rather wide and lamelliform, distinctly elevated above mesosternum (Fig. 64); frons densely punctulate or densely very finely aciculate and without distinct interspaces; vertex more or less finely transversely aciculate and with satin sheen; head in dorsal view strongly narrowed behind eyes (Fig. 68); propleuron distinctly shiny and with distinct rugulae; ovipositor sheath about 1.2 times as long as body and about 1.8 times as long as metasoma; pterostigma dark brown medially. Small specimens have scutellum largely smooth.

Distribution.

Europe, Caucasus, Iran, Turkey. One of the first two species of Gasteruption reported from Iran ( Semenov 1892; as Gasteruption pedemontanum ) and originating from NE Iran (Gorgan, Astrabad).

Biology.

Predator-inquiline of Colletinae ( Colletes and Hylaeus spp.). Collected in May-September.