Orobanche gamosepala Reut.

Piwowarczyk, Renata, Pedraja, Óscar Sánchez, Moral, Gonzalo Moreno, Fayvush, George, Zakaryan, Narine, Kartashyan, Nune & Aleksanyan, Alla, 2019, Holoparasitic Orobanchaceae (Cistanche, Diphelypaea, Orobanche, Phelipanche) in Armenia: distribution, habitats, host range and taxonomic problems, Phytotaxa 386 (1), pp. 1-106 : 54-55

5. Orobanche gamosepala Reut. in Candolle (1847: 15). Type:— RUSSIA (lectotype here designated): North Caucasus, Stavropol Krai, near Pyatigorsk,“pr. Karass [colony two miles away from Mount Beshtau] & in m. Maschuka [Mashuk / Maschuka mountain], majo, Fl. Caucasica, [leg. Hohenacker]” (P-02968131! [two right-hand specimens (herb. Dr. a Kühlewein)]); isotypes: P-02968131! [only one specimen on left side of the sheet (herb. Al de Bunge)], G, LE!, COI-00056887-herb. Kühlewein!. Homotypic synonyms:— Ceratocalyx reuteri Lange (1864: 52) . Heterotypic synonyms:— Orobanche phoenicea Fisch. ex Beck (1890: 154) , pro syn. ( Turland et al. 2018: Art. 36.1b); Necranthus orobanchoides Gilli (1968: 297) .

Notes: —The species was described by Reuter based on the Caucasians materials of the exsiccata from Hohenacker. The lectotype we chose fits well with the Reuter’s description of the species and is very accessible to researchers. In addition, here, we cite the holotype of the designated synonym validly published, on materials cited by Reuter.

Necranthus orobanchoides Gilli (1968: 297) . Type:— TURKEY (holotype reported in Gilli 1968: 297; Gilli, 1982: 3): Prov. Kars: Yalnizçam dað [Yalnýzçam Daðlarý / Arsiani Range] between Yalnizçam and Ardanuç 2250 m, 16 Jun 1957, leg. Davis & Hedge D 29677 (E-00130969!); isotype: (K-000820831!).

Distribution: —High mountain ranges in northern (Kotayk prov.: Pambaki range near Artavaz, and also Lori prov.: near Stepanavan) and southeastern parts (Syunik prov.: Qarabag yaylasi range – Pghndzakar Mt. and Bargushat range – Aramazd Mt.) ( Fig. 37).

General distribution: —Caucasus (mainly in Ciscaucasia, European Russia, less abundant, in Transcaucasia ( Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan and NE Turkey). Endemic to the Caucasus.

Habitat: —Subalpine meadows, upper mountain belt, rocky, grassy slopes, forests.

Hosts: — Geranium sp. ( Geraniaceae ).

Phenology: —Flowering (end May) June–August, fruiting July–August (September).

Conservation status: —Data deficient (DD). In spite of deliberate searches, this species was not found in the field. It is known only from herbarium specimens, last collected in 1975). However, there are suitable habitats available, and perhaps the species flowers at various seasonal periods in high-mountain locations.

Specimens examined: — ARMENIA. Kotayk prov.: Akhundov [Pyunik] – Takyarlu [Artavaz], in the forest, 15 June 1965, Z . Gevorkyan ( ERCB); Takyarlu [Artavazd], on the way to the snow, 15 July 1972, A . Melikyan & E . Mamulova ( ERCB); Hrazdan region : Takyarlu [Artavaz], on the way to the snow, 14 July 1974, S . Grigoryan ( ERE) ; Lori prov.: near Jelal-Ogli [Stepanavan], on the meadow, 30 May 1922, A. B . Shelkovnikov ( ERE) ; Syunik prov.: Goris region: near Verishen , S slope of mountain Pghndzasar [Pghndzakar], in the forest, 1500‒1700 m, on Rubus idaeus , 24 May 1975, V. A . Manakyan ( ERE); N slope of mountain Aramazd, hole Bzovchi-dara [Bzovchi Dari], on grassy slope, on Geranium , 11 July 1967, E . Gabrielyan , N . Agapova & P . Gambaryan ( ERE). Historical Armenia [ TURKEY]: Prov . Kars: near Sarikamish , 5 July 1911, M . Ivashenko ( ERE) .