Phelipanche heldreichii

Piwowarczyk, Renata, Pedraja, Óscar Sánchez, Moral, Gonzalo Moreno, Fayvush, George, Zakaryan, Narine, Kartashyan, Nune & Aleksanyan, Alla, 2019, Holoparasitic Orobanchaceae (Cistanche, Diphelypaea, Orobanche, Phelipanche) in Armenia: distribution, habitats, host range and taxonomic problems, Phytotaxa 386 (1), pp. 1-106 : 35-36

9. Phelipanche heldreichii (Reut. in Candolle 1847: 8) Soják (1972: 130). Type:— TURKEY (lectotype designated by Carlón et al. 2008: 45): Turkey [Central Anatolia Region]. Konya Province: Koniah. 16 Juin 1845, Heldreich no 891 (G-00150063!). Basionym:— Phelypaea heldreichii Reut. in Candolle (1847: 8). Homotypic synonym:— Orobanche heldreichii (Reut. in Candolle 1847: 8) Beck (1890: 116). Heterotypic synonym:— Phelypaea hohenackeri Reut. in Candolle (1847: 10); Phelipanche hohenackeri (Reut. in Candolle 1847: 10) Soják (1972: 130). Fig. 11E .

Distribution: —Mostly central (Kotayk, Gegharkunik provinces) and southern (Ararat, Vayots Dzor provinces), rarely western (Aragatsotn, Shirak provinces), and southeastern (Syunik province) parts ( Fig. 23).

General distribution: — Turkey ( Anatolia), Azerbaijan, Armenia, Iran. Moreover, it is very probable that it is more widespread in southwestern Asia than our current knowledge suggests, reaching mountainous regions of neighbouring countries (e. g., Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria and Lebanon).

Habitat: —Rocky, loamy slopes of valleys, roadsides, hills, also on obsidian rocks (Mt Arteni), steppe, grassy slopes, (1400)1600‒2000(2500) m.

Hosts: —Parasitic exclusively on Eryngium sp. ( Apiaceae ), such as E. campestre L., E. billardierei F. Delaroche.

Phenology: —Flowering (end May) June–July, fruiting July–August.

Conservation status: —Least Concern (LC). The species has rather wide distribution in Armenia (6 floristic regions). Two subpopulations grow in Khosrov Forest State Reserve and Sevan National Park. Populations consist usually of more than 10 shoots, sometimes over 50.

Notes: — Phelipanche schultzii (Mutel 1835: 352) Pomel (1874: 107) has been repeatedly reported in southeastern Europe and Asia ( Piwowarczyk et al. 2017c). The western Mediterranean species has been confused frequently with other Phelipanche species of the „Gruppe der Trichocalyces” sensu Beck (1890, 1930) and other Asian species with similar morphological characters, specially with species of calyx-teeth relatively long, linear-lanceolate and subulate apex, e.g. P. heldreichii and P. libanotica ( P. orientalis ).

Specimens examined: — ARMENIA. Aragatson prov.: Aragats Mt., near Amberd, rocky slopes behind the house, in front of the fortress, 2100 m, 8 July 2015, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); SE slopes of Aragats Mt., road Nerkin Bazmaberd – Nerkin Sarnashen, 1640 m, 5 June 2006, E. Vitek (ERE); NW of Arevut, rocky (obsydian) slopes of the Arteni Mt., 40°22’14”N, 43°47’53”E, 1625 m, 11 June 2017, R. Piwowarczyk (ERCB, KTC); Ararat prov.: 16 km N of Dashtakar, 15 June 1977, V. Avietisyan (ERE); 8 km SE of Sovetashen [Nubarashen in Yerevan], 2100‒2500 m, 14 July 1973, V. Manakyan (ERE) [as O. hohenackeri ]; SE of Shaghap, sandy slope, 39°51’53”N, 44°55’05”E, 1430 m, 13 June 2017, R. Piwowarczyk (ERCB, KTC); Lanjanist SW, sandy slope, 39°51’38”N, 44°56’35”E, 1650 m, 13 July 2017, R. Piwowarczyk (ERCB, KTC); Urts Mt., near St. Hovhannes-Karapet monastery, rocky slopes, 39°50’39”N, 44°54’21”E, 1845 m, 13 June 2017, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); S of Urtsalanj, slope, 39°49’10”N, 44°59’58”E, 1775 m, 13 June 2017, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); Gegharkunik prov.: Drakhtik W, rocky slope of the Sevan Lake, 1945 m, 40°33’05,6”N, 45°12’18,6”E, 7 June 2016, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); Tsovagyugh E, rocky slope of the Sevan Lake, 1945 m, 7 May 2016, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); distr. Novo-Bajazet [Gavar], in jugo Artshanotz prope pagum Tzamakaberd, 28 June 1923, O. Zedelmeyer & A. Schelkovnikov (ERE) [as P. syspirensis ]; Sevanskij distr., Tsamakaberd 19 June 1956, E. Gabrielyan (ERE) (as O. coelestis ); Sevan region, Shorzha, 27 June 1957, M. Sarkisyan (ERCB) [as O. bungeana by T. Tsaturyan]; Kotayk prov.: Arzakan, 29 June 1956, Bramyan (ERE, ERCB) [as O. hohenackeri ]; Arzakan, 27 June 1956, M. Sarkisyan (ERE) [as O. hohenackeri ]; Zar, 6 June 1960, E. Gabrielyan (ERCB) [as O. bungeana ]; Zar, 30 June 1957, T. Tsaturyan (ERCB) [as O. hohenackeri ]; Solak – Charentsavan, 29 July 1968, Mulkidjanjan (ERCB) [as O. coelestis ]; Fantan, 6 July 1968, S. Grigoryan (ERCB) [as O. hohenackeri ]; Shirak prov.: Ahuryanskij region, Shirakskij hrebet [Shirak massif], 23 June 1960, N. Tzvelev & S. Cherepanov (LE) [as O. coelestis ]; Syunik prov.: Tasik SW, rocky slope, 1750 m, 39°26’16,9”N, 45°56’39,4”E, 30 May 2016, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); Vayots dzor prov.: Artavan NW, rocky slope, 1725 m, 39°40’22,3”N, 45°35’36,4”E, 27 May 2016, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); Khachik N, rocky slope, 1985 m, 39°39’14,6”N, 45°12’23,6”E, 29 May 2016, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); Zaritap SW, rocky slope, 1730 m, 39°36’37,8”N, 45°29’16,4”E, 31 May 2016, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); Mikoyan region [Eghegnadzor, Yeghegnadzor], 3–4,5 km NW of Mikoyan village, beyond the river Arpa, opposite the mouth of the river Elegis [Eghegis] on sagebrush-feather grass steppe, with Eryngium billardierei , July 1957, N.N Tzvelev & S.K. Cherepanov (LE); between Saravan and Saralanj, slope, 39°42’55”N, 45°39’29”E, 1768 m, 19 June 2017, R. Piwowarczyk (ERCB, KTC); between Karmrashen and Goghtanik, grassy slope, 39°50’30”N, 45°29’10”E, 2110 m, 20 June 2017, R. Piwowarczyk (ERCB, KTC); slopes near serpentine road N of Aghanjadzor, 39°55’19”N, 45°14’14”E, 1855 m, 20 June 2017, R. Piwowarczyk (ERCB, KTC); between Selim Pass and Aghanjadzor, rocky, loamy slopes, 39°56’03”N, 45°13’59”E, 2040 m, 20 June 2017, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC).

Figures

FIGURE 11. General habit of: A. Phelipanche caesia, B. P. zangezuri, C. P. hajastanica, D. P. purpurea, E. P. heldreichii, F. P. arenaria, G. P. nana, H. P. sevanensis, I. P. ramosa. Photos by Renata Piwowarczyk.