Sirthenea (Sirthenea) dimidiata Horváth, 1911

Chłond, Dominik, 2018, A taxonomic revision of the genus Sirthenea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae) of the Old World, Zootaxa 4520 (1), pp. 1-85 : 32-34

Sirthenea (Sirthenea) dimidiata Horváth, 1911

( Figs. 65–78 , 156 , 174 , 199, 200 , Map 6)

Sirthenea dimidiata Horvath, 1909: 333 . Syntype (s) (♂♂): Formosa [= Taiwan]: Kanshirei; HNHM.

Sirthenea dimidiata: Cai & Lu (1990: 89) .

Sirthenea dimidiata: Chłond (2008a: 385) .

Type material examined: Syntype, Ƌ: Formosa / Sauter [printed]; Kanshirei / 908 [printed]; Sirthenea / dimidiata Horv. [printed] (HNHM). Syntype, Ƌ: Formosa / Sauter [printed]; Kanshirei / 908 [printed] (HNHM).

Other material examined: Taiwan: Ƌ: Formosa / Sauter [printed]; Mt. Hoozan [printed] / 1910. r. [partially handwritten] ( HNHM) . 2 ƋƋ: Formosa. / P.A. Holst / 1902-336. [printed]; dimidiata [handwritten by pencil on white label]. Ƌ: Formosa / Sauter [printed]; Kosempo / 903. VI [printed, partially handwritten] ( HNHM) . China: 2 ƋƋ: 4400 ft. [handwritten] / ShinKaisi / Mt Omei [printed]; Szechuen / China / DC Graham ( USNM) . Ƌ: 4400 ft. / ShinKaisi / Mt Omei [printed]; near Kiating / Szechuen China / DC Graham 1921 ( USNM) . 2 ƋƋ: Kuatun (2300 m), 40n. Br. / 117. 40ö. L. J. Klapperich / 6.6. 1938 (Fukien) [printed]; Collectio / National Museum / Praha, Czech Republic [printed] ( NMPC) . Ƌ: Kuatun (2300 m), 40n. Br. / 117. 40ö. L. J. Klapperich / 22.5. 1938 (Fukien) [printed]; Collectio / National Museum / Praha, Czech Republic [printed] ( NMPC) . Ƌ: Kuatun (2300 m), 40n. Br. / 117. 40ö. L. J. Klapperich / 21.6. 1938 (Fukien) [printed]; Collectio / National Museum / Praha, Czech Republic [printed] ( NMPC) . Ƌ: Kuatun (2300 m), 40n. Br. / 117. 40ö. L. J. Klapperich / 5.6. 1938 (Fukien) [printed]; Collectio / National Museum / Praha, Czech Republic [printed] ( NMPC) . Ƌ: Kuatun (2300 m), 40n. Br. / 117. 40ö. L. J. Klapperich / 4.6. 1938 (Fukien) [printed]; Collectio / National Museum / Praha, Czech Republic [printed] ( NMPC) . Brachypterous ♀: Kuatun (2300 m), 40n. Br. / 117. 40ö. L. J. Klapperich / 6.6. 1938 (Fukien) [printed]; Collectio / National Museum / Praha, Czech Republic [printed] ( NMPC) . Brachypterous ♀: Kuatun Fukien / China, 15.6.46 / leg. Tschung-Sen [printed]; Collectio / National Museum / Praha, Czech Republic [printed] ( NMPC) .

MAP 6. Distribution of Sirthenea dimidiata Horváth, 1911 .

Diagnosis. This species is recognized by the following combination of characters: the U-shaped posterior margin of an eye in lateral view, punctation on posterior pronotal lobe, ridges of proepisternum and proepimeron not connected in entire length, metapleura with two complete ridges and spiracles III–VI placed very close to ventral connexival suture. Other characters of this species are: dark brown anterior pronotal lobe, the distinctly paler (brown) posterior pronotal lobe and basal half to two thirds of hemelytron being pale in both macropterous males and brachypterous females ( Figs. 65 , 66 , 156 , 199, 200 ). The only similar species is S. caiana but it can be easily distinguished by the stouter body (head of S. caiana is very slender and elongated with distinctly smaller eyes), S-shape curvature of an eye in lateral view, anterior pronotal lobe with distinct collar body colouration ( S. caiana is dull and black in contrast to S. dimidiata which is mostly brown) and the genitalia.

Redescription: Color: Body generally dark brown with yellowish markings on basal part of hemelytron ( Figs. 65 , 66 , 199, 200 ). Clypeus paler with goldish setae. Ocelli not pigmented (present in brachypterous females). Antennomeres brown, scape with paler apical and basal part, pedicel with paler apex in females. Basiflagellum with delicately paler base and apex (females). First visible labial segment dark or with paler apex, second and third visible labial segments paler. Posterior pronotal lobe brown distinctly paler than anterior lobe, some representatives with darker middle part of posterior margin. Scutellum dark with pale setae. Hemelytron generally brown to dark brown with pale setae (same color characters in macropterous males and brachypterous females). Basal part (half to two thirds) of corium yellowish. Clavus bicolorous, area along posterior margin of wing dark, area along anal vein pale. Apical part of corium and membrane brown. Costal vein pale in almost entire length. Whitish line on part of membrane connected with apical part of corium. Margins of membrane in basal part dark. Coxa and trochanters pale. Trochanters with dark ventral and dorsal half of basal surfaces. Fore and middle femur yellowish or darkened into brownish color with paler apex (with dark longitudinal lines in females). Hind femur brown to dark brown (almost black) with dark apical part (males) or dark with pale apex (females). Fore (both sexes) and middle (males) tibia yellow to brown with darker, longitudinal markings and pale base. Middle and hind tibia of females dark brown to black with pale base. Ventral side of thorax covered by pale setae. Connexives dark brown with pale anterior margin of connexives of II and VII abdominal segments. Pygophore dark with paler parameres and dorsal magins.

Structure: Body medium-sized (males) or large (brachypterous females), robust. Head with various sized setae and a 3 pairs of trichobothria setae. Dorsal surface of antenniferes smooth Scape club-shaped, covered by adherent setae and a few erect setae. Pedicel, basi- and distiflagellum with dense, adherent, short setae and a few, regularly arranged, erect setae. Pedicel with 3 trichobothrial setae ( Fig. 174 ). Second visible labial segment enlarged basally, reaching posterior margin of ocelli. Anteocular part of head 2.67–2.8 times longer than postocular part in females and 4.44–4.53 times in males. Eyes and ocelli large. Eyes with U-shape posterior margin of an eye in lateral view. Apodeme depression and transversal furrow of head shallow. Pronotum, legs and abdomen ventrally with long pale setae. Anterior pronotal lobe distinctly enlarged in brachypterous females,with granulated, pilose sulci, which bear long setae. Ridges of proepisternum and proepimeron not connected in entire length. Basal part of anterior pronotal lobe with long thin apodeme depression. Posterior pronotal lobe distinctly pointed (males and females) and wrinkled (females), its anterior margin lobe with triangular curvature and weakly depressed in middle. Metapleura with two distinct ridges. Scutellum with long setae. Hemelytron shining with different sized setae and with distinctly wrinkled membrane. Hemelytron surpassing apex of abdomen (males) or reaching only one third of length of abdomen (females) ( Figs. 65 , 66 , 199, 200 ). Ventral side of thorax dull with spiracles III–VI placed very close to ventral connexival suture.

Genitalia: Male: Median process of pygophore medium sized ( Fig. 75 ), with rounded apex ( Fig. 70 ). Both parameres with medium sized setae on dorsal and ventral surfaces, with distinct, sharp curved process in apical part ( Figs. 71–74 ). Right paramere slightly smaller and thinner than left paramere, narrow in basal part and rounded in apical part. Pedicel relatively short and distinctly bent laterally ( Figs. 76–78 ). Basal lobe of dorsal phallothecal sclerite enlarged on left side ( Figs. 76–78 ).

Female: Valvifer I rounded with dense, variably-sized (mostly long) setae ( Fig. 69 ). Styloids with delicately rounded apices and short, numerous, robust setae on inner margin ( Fig. 67 ). Valvula II convolute inwards with widely rounded apex and with two lateral indentations below ( Fig. 68 ).

Measurements (in mm, male in parentheses): Body length: 21.7–22.5 (20.5–20.9); maximum width of abdomen: 4.1–4.3 (4.6–5.1); head length: 4.0–4.2 (3.6–3.8); head width: 2.1–2.3 (2.3–2.4); length of anteocular part: 2.4 (2.0–2.2); length of postocular part: 0.7–0.8 (0.4–0.5); length of synthlipsis: 0.8–1.0 (0.8–0.9); interocellar distance: 0.6–0.7 (0.4–0.5); lengths of antennal segments I:II:III:IV: 1.1 (1.2): 2.2 (2.5–2.7): missing (1.9–2.1): missing (1.9–2.0); lengths of labial segments I:II:III: 1.1–1.2 (0.9–1.0): 2.8–2.9 (2.4–2.6): 1.6–1.7 (1.3–1.4); maximum length of anterior pronotal lobe: 3.3–3.9 (3.0–3.1); maximum length of posterior pronotal lobe: 1.3–1.9 (1.5–2.2); maximum width of anterior pronotal lobe: 3.7–4.0 (3.3); maximum width of posterior pronotal lobe: 4.0–4.2 (4.4–4.5); length of scutellum: 1.6–1.9 (1.5–1.7); length of hemelytron: 4.8–4.9 (13.4–14.4).

Distribution: China (Anhui, Liaoning, Sichuan, Yunnan); Taiwan (see also Cai & Lu, 1990) (Map 6).

Figures

FIGURE 65. Sirthenea dimidiata Horváth, 1911—dorsal habitus.

FIGURE 66. Sirthenea dimidiata Horváth, 1911—brachypterous female, dorsal habitus.

FIGURES 67–78. Sirthenea dimidiata Horváth, 1911: 67—styloids, outer view; 68—gonapophysis of VIII segment, inner view; 69—gonocoxite of VIII segment, inner view; Figs.: 70—pygophore, dorsal view; 71—left paramere, inner view; 72— left paramere, outer view; 73—right paramere, lateral view; 74—right paramere, outer view; 75—median process of pygophore, lateral view; 76—phallus, right lateral view; 77—phallus, left lateral view; 78—phallus, dorsal view.

FIGURES 156–158. Brachypterous hemelytron of females: Figs.: 156—Sirthenea dimidiata Horváth, 1911; 157—S. kali sp. nov.; 158—S. laevicollis Horváth, 1909.

FIGURES 169–182. Trichobothrial setae on pedicel: 169—Sirthenea africana Distant, 1903; 170—S. flaviceps (Signoret, 1860); 171—S. picescens Reuter, 1887; 172—S. rodhaini Schouteden, 1913; 173—S. caiana Chłond, 2008; 174—S. dimidiata Horváth, 1911; 175—S. flavipes (Stål, 1855); 176—S. kali sp. nov.; 177—S. nigronitens (Miller, 1958); 178—S. nitida Chłond, 2008; 179—S. nigra Cai & Tomokuni, 2004; 180—S. setosa sp. nov.; 181—S. laevicollis Horváth, 1909; 182—S. obscura (Stål, 1866).

FIGURES 197–200. Color figures of habitus: 197—Sirthenea rodhaini Schouteden, 1913; 198—S. caiana Chłond, 2008; 199—S. dimidiata Horváth, 1911, male; 200—S. dimidiata, female.