Anastrophyllaceae L. Söderstr., De Roo & Hedd.

Söderström, Lars, Roo, Ryan De & Hedderson, Terry, 2010, Taxonomic novelties resulting from recent reclassification of the Lophoziaceae / Scapaniaceae clade, Phytotaxa 3, pp. 47-53 : 48-49

Anastrophyllaceae L. Söderstr., De Roo & Hedd. , fam. nov.

Familiae Lophoziaceae affinis, ob sequencias ITS, rsp4, trnG et rpoC1 ab eo removendum. Folia bilobatae, trilobatae vel quadrilobatae.

Type:— Anastrophyllum donnianum ( Hooker 1813: tab. 39) Stephani (1893: 140)

Shoots prostrate to ascending to erect, simple or with lateral or terminal branches. Stems in cross section with small thick-walled cortical cells and large, thin-walled medullary cells (not in Sphenolobopsis ). Leaves alternate, 2–4-lobed, succubous to transverse. Underleaves lacking, simple or large and bilobed. Cells small to medium sized with indistinct to bulging trigones, sometimes thick-walled. Oil bodies variable. Gemmae lacking, or ovoid to polygonal, 1–2-celled, yellow-green to orange brown to vinaceous red. Dioicious, rarely paroicious. Androecia at apex or intercalary, composed of several pairs of bracts. Gynoecia at apex of main shoot with single subgynoecial innovation. Perianths large, inflated, long exserted, ovoid-cylindrical (ellipsoidal to subclavate in Gymnocolea , obovoid-clavate in Sphenolobopsis ), deeply multi-plicate to plicate only at distal part (smooth in Gymnocolea ); mouth slightly contracted, entire or with teeth 3–6 cells long or weakly dentate.

Notes:—The family, as here defined, includes the following genera: Anastrepta (Lindb. in Lindberg & Arnell 1889: 40) Schiffner (1893: 85), Anastrophyllum (Spruce) Steph. , Barbilophozia Loeske , Biantheridion ( Grolle 1964: 662) Konstantinova & Vilnet (2009: 67) , Chandonanthus Mitten (1867: 750) , Crossocalyx Meylan (1939: 266) , Gymnocolea ( Dumortier 1831: 52) Dumortier (1835: 17) , Hamatostrepta Váňa & Long (2008: 134) , Isopaches Buch (1933: 287) , Neoorthocaulis L.Söderstr., De Roo & Hedd comb. nov., Orthocaulis H.Buch , Plicanthus Schuster (2002: 484) , Schljakovia Konstant. & Vilnet , Schljakovianthus Konstant. &Vilnet , Sphenolobopsis R.M.Schust. & N.Kitag. in Schuster (1972: 152), Sphenolobus (Lindb.) Berggr. and Tetralophozia ( Schuster 1961: 206) Schljakov (1976: 227). The family is genetically and phylogenetically very distinct from the rest of the Scapaniaceae /Lophoziace/ Cephaloziellaceae clade but the morphological characters that single out the family are not yet clear.