Achyrolimonia basispina ( Alexander, 1924 )

Podenas, Sigitas, Byun, Hye-Woo & Kim, Sam-Kyu, 2015, Limoniinae crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) new to Korea, Journal of Species Research 4 (2), pp. 61-96 : 64-66

Achyrolimonia basispina ( Alexander, 1924)

Limonia basispina Alexander, 1924: 554 . Limonia (Limonia) basispina : Alexander, 1954: 282. Dicranomyia (Achyrolimonia) basispina : Savchenko and

Krivolutskaya, 1976: 131; Savchenko, 1983: 125. Achyrolimonia basispina : Oosterbroek, 2015.

General coloration dark brown. Body length of male 8.1 mm. Wing length of male 9.7 mm.

Head dark brown, posteriorly covered with long scarce and erect setae. Eyes large, nearly reaching each other on ventral side of head. Vertex narrow, anterior part silvery white. Length of male antennae 1.9 mm. Antenna ( Fig. 1B ) entirely black, reaching to about wing base, if bent backwards. Scape nearly cylindrical, pedicel approximately four fifths of scape’s length, slightly widening distally. Flagellum 13­segmented, but apical segment is very small and fused with preceding segment, thus flagellum looks 12­segmented. Flagellomeres with short distal pedicels. Basal flagellomere just slightly long­ er than wider, second flagellomere slightly wider than longer, succeeding segments getting longer, distal flagellomeres cylindrical. Verticils dark brown, 1.7 times as long as respective segments, just on basal and apical segments somewhat shorter. Short, erect, brownish pubescence denser and longer on ventral side of flagellum. Rostrum very short, yellowish brown. Palpus black, very short, two basal and apical segments strongly reduced, only third segment well developed. Few long bristles at base and at apex of palpus. Mouth parts whitish, labella with short erect dark brown setae.

Pronotum large, polished, pale ochreous brown medially, the lateral margins a little darker. Ground color of mesonotal prescutum dark brown. The prescutal stripes conspicuous, pale reddish brown. Dorsal prescutal stripe wide, longitudinally divided by narrow median line, which is more conspicuous frontally and less distinct posteriorly. Scutal lobe reddish brown with the mesal and lateral edges dark brown and yellow line between them. Scutellum dark brown, just frontal edge yellowish. Mediotergite dark brown with two oval yellow spots on posterior part. Pleura dark brown with paler brown spots. Membrane between frontal spiracle and wing base whitish. Anepisternum darkened dorsally, yellowish ventrally. Katepisternum generally yellowish, with twelve short brown setae on dorsal part. Setose part slightly darken­ ed. Anepimeron dark brown with yellow dorsal margin. Laterotergite grayish brown. Posterior spiracle ventrally rimmed by dark brown margin. Wing ( Fig. 1A ) distinctly darkened, brownish to grayish; costal area and wing base brownish yellow; wing base beyond basal cross­veins and wing apex distinctly darkened; conspicuous dark brown spots at origin and fork of Rs, tip of Sc, tip of R 1 and around R 2, along cord and outer end of discal cell. Less distinct brownish areas surround humeral, cubital and second anal veins. Light yellow window extends between dark spots at base of Rs and tip of R 1, it slightly extends posterior to R 1. Two small light spots, one right before dark spot at origin of Rs, the other is right beyond dark spot at R 1. Veins dark brown. Venation: Sc 1 long, reaching beyond middle of Rs but far not reaching Rs fork, Sc 2 close to Sc 1 tip. R 2 nearly twice its length from R 1 tip. Rs long, and distinctly arched, but not spurred in Korean specimen, angulated and spurred in specimens from Japan. R 3 and R 4 long and parallel to each other and both slightly arched. Cross­vein r­m beyond base of discal cell. Discal cell large, irregular, about twice as long as wide. Basal deflection of CuA 1 distinctly beyond branching point of M. Both anal veins long and slightly curved at end. Anal angle medium­sized, comparatively narrow, nearly parallel­sided. Length of male halter 1.4 mm. Halter dark brown, stem obscure yellow at base, knob blackened. Coxae ochreous with brown bases. Frontal coxa darker than remaining coxae. Posterior coxa light yellow with just extreme base brown. Trochanters yellow with dark brown distal rim. Femur pale brownish yellow, dorsal part darker than ventral, distal part faintly darkened, but very apex yellow. Tibiae uniformly brownish yellow, very base narrowly yellow. Tarsus same color as tibia, just two distal tarsomeres dark brown. Legs covered with short, semi­erect brown setae. Male femur I: 6.9 mm, II: 7.9 mm, III: 8.0 mm, tibiae I: 8.0 mm, II: 7.3 mm, III: 7.6 mm, tarsus I: 8.0 mm, II: 6.5 mm, III: 6.0 mm long. Claw with single subbasal spine.

Abdominal tergites and sternites dark brown, posterior margins distinctly light gray. Lateral margins very narrowly rimmed with light gray. Membrane between tergites and sternites gray. Dorsal and ventral sides of abdomen covered with short erect sparse brown setae. Male terminalia ( Fig. 1C ) more reddish than remainder of abdomen. Ninth tergite simple, transverse, with shallow wide emargination on posterior margin. Gonocoxite wider at base narrower at apex, with large setose ventro­mesal lobe. Outer gonostylus strongly chitinized, blackened at apex and gently curved to the acute tip. Inner gonostylus oval, fleshy, with long arched rostral appendage, that bears straight and powerful subbasal spine. Distal part of rostral appendage bearing few apical setae. Paramere ( Fig. 1D ) wide and flat, distal margin blacken­ ed, the very tip elongate and hook shaped and bearing small subapical tubercle. Penis simple, long and straight.

Elevation range in Korea. Species was collected at about 230 m altitude.

Period of activity. Single male was captured at the end of August in Korea.

Habitat. Deciduous forest at river side. Larvae are developing in mushrooms and rotten wood of asp and alder ( Savchenko, 1983).

General distribution. Species is known from Japan, Kunashir islands, continental part of Far East of Russia and China (Sichuan) ( Alexander, 1924; 1954; Savchenko and Krivolutskaya, 1976; Savchenko, 1983).

Examined materials ( Fig. 10A ): 1♂ (preserved in ethanol), S. Korea, Gangwon­do , Chuncheon­si , Dongsan­myeon, Bongmyeong­ri, KNU experimental forest, N37.77906, E127.81564, alt. 233 m, 2014.08.22, S. Podenas, S. Kim .

Figures

Fig. 1. Achyrolimonia basispina male.A. wing. B. antenna. C. genitalia, dorsal view. D. paramere.

Fig. 10. Distribution maps.A. Achyrolimonia basispina. B. Discobola annulata. C. Discobola margarita. D. Elephantomyia (Elephantomyia) edwardsi. E. Geranomyia gifuensis. F. Geranomyia multipuncta. G. Geranomyia neavocetta. H. Helius (Helius) nipponensis. I. Libnotes(Afrolimonia) ladogensis. J. Libnotes (Libnotes) amatrix. K. Libnotes (Libnotes) basistrigata. L. Libnotes (Libnotes) longistigma. M. Libnotes (Libnotes) nohirai. N. Libnotes (Libnotes) puella. O. Trentepohlia(Mongoma) pennipes. P. Trentepohlia (Trentepohlia) septemtrionalis.