Geranomyia gifuensis Alexander, 1921

Podenas, Sigitas, Byun, Hye-Woo & Kim, Sam-Kyu, 2015, Limoniinae crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) new to Korea, Journal of Species Research 4 (2), pp. 61-96 : 73-75

Geranomyia gifuensis Alexander, 1921

Geranomyia gifuensis Alexander, 1921: 114 ; Savchenko and Krivolutskaya, 1976: 125.

Limonia (Geranomyia) gifuensis Alexander, 1954: 286 .

General body coloration grayish brown, but some specimens could be yellowish brown and other dark brown. Body length of male 4.1­6.4 mm, female 6.3­7.7 mm. Wing length of male 5.0­ 7.6 mm, female 6.1­9.0 mm.

Head dark brown. Anterior vertex narrow light gray pruinose. Eyes surrounded by light gray pruinose margin. Dorsally head covered with sparse erect dark brown setae. Eyes large, nearly reaching each other on ventral side of head. Length of male antennae 0.85­1.25 mm, that of female 1.10­1.30 mm. Antenna dark brown. Scape elongate, slightly widened distally, covered with sparse gray pruinosity and bearing few long setae. Pedicel slightly elongate, getting wider distally. Flagellum 12­segmented. Flagellomeres oval, slightly decreasing in length distally. Apical segment elongate, slightly smaller than preceding segment. Verticils short, slightly shorter than respective segments. Erect whitish pubescence, covering segments is short, denser on ventral side of flagellum. Rostrum dark brown dorsally and laterally, ventral side yellow at base. Ventral side of rostrum covered with scarce erect yellowish setae. Mouth parts dark brown. Rostrum together with mouth parts is 2.00­ 2.90 mm long in male, 2.75­3.60 mm in female. Palpus very short, three­segmented. Basal segment elongate, cylindrical, yellowish, second segment slightly shorter but wider than basal, dark brown. Apical segment subglobular, dark brown, bearing few erect dark setae. Palpus is situated approximaly at four fifths of antena’s length.

Thorax usually generally yellowish brown dusted with sparse gray pruinosity. Some specimens could be yellowish, but other are distinctly darker. Cervical sclerites dark brown. Pronotum brown medially, yellowish brown laterally. Mesonotal prescutum brown covered with sparse light gray pruinosity. Three dark brown stripes cnfluent posteriorly, interspaces castaneous brown, margins of stripes blurred. Area surrounding pseudosutural fovea usually yellow, but in dark specimens light reddish brown. That area extends to frontal margin of prescutum and frontally is interrupted by median dark brown stripe. Lateral margins of prescutum yellowish brown in lighter specimens, brown in darker specimens. Scutal lobes brown, medially separated with grayish brown. Central part of scutellum dark brown, lateral parts reddish brown. Scutellum covered with sparse gray pruinosity. Mediotergite reddish brown with indistinct dark brown median line. Light gray pruinosity covering mediotergite is densier frontally, posteriorly nearly missing. Coloration of pleura varies among specimens. Most specimens have testaceous yellow pleura, other specimens have brownish, and some grayish brown pleura. Wing ( Fig. 4A) brownish with yellowish basal part. Stigma oval, dark brown. Small brownish spots present at the supernumerary crossvein in cell sc, at origin of Rs, Sc 1 and Sc 2, and at tip of R 2. Very narrow and indistinct brownish seams surround the cord and outer end of discal cell. Subcostal cell yellowish. Veins brown, yellowish at wing base. Venation: vein Sc long, it’s length slightly varies, thus Sc 1 reaching wing margin from shortest approximately at the middle of Rs to longest at approximately three/fourth of Rs length, Sc 2 close to Sc 1 tip, but it’s position also varies from slightly before, to slightly beyond tip of Sc 1. Position of additional cross vein in cell sc varies from the middle between humeral vein and beginning of Rs to at about two­thirds of the distance between h and base of Rs. Rs usually arched at base, sometimes indistinctly angulated. R 1 and R 2 transverse and starting at the same point, or R 2 starts slightly beyond R 1. Often present a small free tip of R. Discal cell twice as long as wide. Position of basal deflection of CuA 1 varies from slightly before to slightly beyond branching point of M. Vein A 1 nearly straight, A 2 slightly arched at tip. Cell a 2 wide, anal angle widely rounded. Length of male halter 0.75­1.10 mm, that of female 0.80­1.30 mm. Stem of halter grayish yellow with paler base. The knob and outer end of the stem dark brownish. Coxa and trochanters testaceous. Legs brown with paler bases of femora, distal tarsomeres dark brown. Male femur I: 4.6­5.1 mm long, II: 4.6­5.9 mm long, III: 4.4­5.9 mm; tibiae I: 5.5­6.4 mm, II: 4.7­6.1 mm, III: 5.0­ 6.6 mm; tarsus I: 4.2­4.9 mm, II: 3.3­4.5 mm, III: 3.2­4.0 mm long. Female femur I: 4.5­6.1 mm long, II: 5.1­6.5 mm, III: 5.4­6.8 mm; tibiae I: 5.5­7.5 mm, II: 5.4­6.7 mm, III: 5.9­7.4 mm; tarsus I: 4.3­5.4 mm, II: 4.3­4.7 mm, III: 3.9­4.4 mm long. Claw dark with small subbasal spine.

Abdominal tergites dark brown, covered with sparse grayish pruinosity and yellowish setae. Posterior margins somewhat paler. First tergite with pale frontal margin and wide pale spot in the middle, only lateral margins grayish brown. Sternites distinctly lighter than tergites, brownish yellow in some specimens to testaceous or brownish in other. Ninth sternite of male dark brown at base, margins widely pale, that of female usually not darker than remaining abdominal sternites. Male genitalia ( Fig. 4D) reddish brown. Ninth tergite transverse, dark brown, posterior margin with wide shallow median emargination. Lateral sides of tergite swollen and setose. Gonocoxite rusty brown, comparatively short, with large ventro mesal lobe, distal end of which rounded and setose. Outer gonostylus short, hook­shaped, sclerotised, yellowish brown, tip acute. Inner gonostylus large, widened at base, twice as long as gonocoxite. Rostral appendage short and strongly bent forward. In the middle of posterior margin it bears small tubercle from which start two medium­long dark brown spines. They are close together along entire length. Paramere wide at base, very narrow and arched at distal end. Edeagus long and narrow in dorsal view, “S”­shaped in lateral view. Ovipositor ( Fig. 5A ) reddish brown hypovalvae yellow, some specimens have brownish markings at base of tenth tergite and base of eigth sternite. Cercus very narrow and nearly straight, tip rounded. Hypovalvae wide, reaching to about middle of cercus, apex rounded. Vaginal apodeme large, distinctly elongate, wide at base, turning much narrower at apex.

Elevation range in Korea. Specimens were collected at altitudes from 0 m to nearly 1950 m.

Period of activity. Adults are flying from middle of May through middle of October in Korea.

Habitats. The species belongs to fauna hygropetrica, living in the water film over the surface of emergent rocks or boulders in quick­flowing streams, and larvae are developing in wet places where running water constantly moisturizes rock surfaces. They were found at springs, waterfalls, at the edges of fast running streams and rivers.

General distribution. The species is known from Japan (Honshu and Shikoku Islands), Far East of Russia, and Korean Peninsula ( Oosterbroek, 2015).

Examined materials ( Fig. 10E ): 2$$ (pinned), N. Korea, Seren Mts. , altitude 6000 ft., 1937.10.09, Yankovsky ( USNM) ; 1♂, 2$$ (pinned), N. Korea, Ompo , altitude 200 ft., 1938.05.26, Yankovsky ( USNM) ; 1♂ (pinned), N. Korea, Ompo , altitude 350 ft., 1938.06.11, Yankovsky ( USNM) ; 1♂, 2$$, 1 specimen of unclear sex (pinned), N. Korea, Seren Mountains , altitude 3500­ 4000 ft., 1938.07.15, Yankovsky ( USNM) ; 1 specimen of unclear sex (pinned), N. Korea, Seren Mountains , altitude 4000 ft., 1938.09.14, Yankovsky ( USNM) ; 1$ (pinned), N. Korea, Kankyo Nando Puksu Pyaksan , altitude 6000 ft., 1939.06.11, A. Yankovsky ( USNM) ; 1$ (pinned), N. Korea, Chonsani , altitude 4000 ft., 1940.06. 20, Yankovsky ( USNM) ; 1$(pinned), N. Korea, Pontani Paiktusan , 3500 ft., 1940.07.28, Yankovsky ( USNM) ; 1♂ (pinned), N. Korea, Pontani Paiktusan , 5000 ft., 1940. 07.29, Yankovsky ( USNM) ; 1$(pinned), N. Korea, Pontani Paiktusan , 5500 ft., 1940.07.31, Yankovsky ( USNM) ; 1$(pinned), N. Korea, Pontani Paiktusan , altitude 5800­ 6372 ft., 1940.08.04, Yankovsky ( USNM) ; 2$$ (pinned), N. Korea, Pontani Paiktusan , altitude 5000­6000 ft., 1940.08.05, Yankovsky ( USNM) ; 2♂♂ (2 slides, could be fragments of same male), N. Korea ( USNM) , no other data; 27♂♂, 7$$ (pinned), S. Korea, #32, Cheju­do, Chungmun­ni waterfall, [Cheonjeyeon waterfall, N33. 25071, E126.41655], 10 mi. E Mosulp’o, altitude 125 ft., 1954.09.07, George W. Byers ( KU) ; 14♂♂, 14$$, 1 specimen of unclear sex (pinned), S. Korea, #33, Cheju­do, Sogwi­ri , waterfall, [Seogwipo­si, Cheonjiyeon waterfall, N33.24707, E126.55456], 18 mi. E Mosulp’o, altitude 30 ft., 1954.09.07, George W. Byers ( KU) ; 1$(pinned), S. Korea, #38, Hill 1468, 16 mi. NW Chunchon, 127°30 ʹ E, 38°00 ʹ N, altitude 4300 ft., 1954.09.17, George W. Byers ( KU) ; 1$(in ethanol), S. Korea, Gyeongsangbuk­do, Cheongdo­gun, Unmun­myeon, Sinwon­ri , Mt. Ulmunsan , N35.6532778, E129.0256111, alt. 439 m, 2009.06.04 ­07.09, J.D Yeo & J.D. Yoon, Malaise trap ( NIBR) ; 1$(in ethanol), S. Korea, Ulsan, Ulju­gun, Sangbuk­myeon, Deokhyeon­ri , Mt. Gajisan , N35. 62150, E129.04722, alt. 276 m, 2009.08.06 ­09.04, J.D Yeo, Malaise trap ( NIBR) ; 1$ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Yeosu environs, Manheung­dong, Manseong­ri Black Sand Beach , N34.78094, E127.74765, alt. 12 m, 2012.06.25, S. Podenas, net ( NIBR) ; 2$$ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gyeonsangnam­do, Goseong­gun, Guman­myeon , Masan­Shi , N35.07756, E128.36700, alt. 29 m, 2012.08.26, C. L. Young, net ( NIBR) ; 1♂, 1$(in ethanol), S. Korea, Jeollabuk­do, Namwon­si, Sannae­myeon, Ipseok­ri , N35.41021, E127.64735, alt. 319 m, 2013.05.11, S. Podenas, net ( NIBR) ; 1♂ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gyeongsangnam­do, Hamyang­gun, Macheon­myeon, Samjeongri , N35.36713, E127.65228, alt. 406 m, 2013.05.11, S. Podenas, net ( NIBR) ; 1♂, 1$ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gyeonggi­do, Gapyeong­gun, Buk­myeon, Jeokmok­ri , N38.02982, E127.44310, alt. 560 m, 2014.08.20, S. Kim, net ( NIBR) .

Figures

Fig. 5. Ovipositors of Geranomyia, lateral view.A. G. gifuensis. B. G. multipuncta. C. G. neavocetta.

Fig. 10. Distribution maps.A. Achyrolimonia basispina. B. Discobola annulata. C. Discobola margarita. D. Elephantomyia (Elephantomyia) edwardsi. E. Geranomyia gifuensis. F. Geranomyia multipuncta. G. Geranomyia neavocetta. H. Helius (Helius) nipponensis. I. Libnotes(Afrolimonia) ladogensis. J. Libnotes (Libnotes) amatrix. K. Libnotes (Libnotes) basistrigata. L. Libnotes (Libnotes) longistigma. M. Libnotes (Libnotes) nohirai. N. Libnotes (Libnotes) puella. O. Trentepohlia(Mongoma) pennipes. P. Trentepohlia (Trentepohlia) septemtrionalis.