Trillium cernuum L.

Floden, Aaron J. & Knapp, Wesley M., 2023, Typification of the North American species of Trillium subg. Trillium (Melanthiaceae: Parideae), Phytotaxa 599 (3), pp. 193-200 : 194-195

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/phytotaxa.599.3.6
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8015232
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E91C9C62-FFB8-6057-FF76-FC2F4266FE36
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Trillium cernuum L.
status

Treatment

Trillium cernuum L. View in CoL View at ENA , Sp. Pl. View Cited Treatment 1: 339–340. 1753

Type :— USA. In Carolina, [no collector given], 469.1 ( LINN!, lectotype designated by Gleason, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 390, 1906)

Heterotypic synonyms: Trillium brevipetalum Raf. , Med. Fl. 2: 100. 1830. Type:—Near the lakes, Ontario and Erie. Type not located.

Trillium glaucum Raf. View in CoL , Med. Fl. 2: 102. 1830. Type:— In Pennsylvania , near Philadelphia, Maryland, Virginia , “& c.”.” Type not located.

Trillium hamosum Raf. , Med. Fl. 2: 101. 1830. Type:—In the Pocono Mountains , Pennsylvania, discovered by Steinhauer. Type not located.

Trillium medium Raf. , Med. Fl. 2: 102. 1830. Type:—from New England south to Virginia. Type not located.

Trillium declinatum (A.Gray) Gleason, View in CoL Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 389. 1906. nom. illeg.

Basionym : Trillium erectum var. declinatum A.Gray , Manual [Gray], ed 5: 523. 1867. Type:— USA. 1863, Robbins s.n. (holotype,: GH 00030145 digital image!; isotypes, GH00030146 digital image!, MO-104984!) .

Notes:— Patrick annotated MO 104984 as Trillium cernuum , against which Gray (1867) compared his var. declinatum in the protologue. The name at species level is preceded by T. declinatum Raf. , which is T. catesbaei , and Fernald (1932) provided the new name T. gleasonii . Patrick also annotated NY00319876(!) as lectotype but never published this. This collection, NY00319876, was annotated by Patrick as T. flexipes . This may have been one of the specimens that Gray (1867) used as part of his description of var. declinatum , but he cited only collections by Robbins from Lake Superior with no mention of additional specimens in his description of var. declinatum . Fernald (1932) later provided a new name, T. gleasonii , because T. declinatum Raf. preceded T. declinatum (A.Gray) Gleason. We here assign this concept to T. cernuum .

Trillium cernuum var. macranthum Eames & Wiegand, Rhodora View in CoL 25: 191. 1923. Type:— USA. New York: Tompkins, Valley of Fall Creek , Round Marshes (Gracie’s Swamp) and vicinity, Dryden , low woods, north end of marshes, 31 May 1914, Eames & MacDaniels 2012 (holotype: GH00030148 !; isotypes: CM0361 digital image!, F0046068 F digital image!, MIN1002612 About MIN digital image!, S-G-7311 digital image!).

Note:— Eames & Wiegand (1923) discussed variation in T. cernuum .

Trillium cernuum f. viride Cayoutte & Cayoutte, Naturaliste Canad. View in CoL 111: 326. 1984.

Type:— CANADA: Quebec: Saguenay –Lac-Saint-Jean (Quebec), Saguenay , Ilets-Jermie , 48°53’N- 68°48’W, 12 Jul 1973, Cayouette 73-418 (holotype: not located; isotypes: DAO000466224 About DAO digital image!, CM0491 digital image!, GH00030151 digital image!, MICH1192833 About MICH digital image!, NY00319873 digital image!, US00288583 digital image!) GoogleMaps .

Trillium cernuum f. marginatum Cayouette & Cayouette, Naturaliste Canad. View in CoL 111: 326. 1984.

Type:— CANADA. Quebec: Comté de Gaspé-quest , Mont-Saint-Pierre, 49°13’ N-65°49’0. Erablière à bouléau jaune, en flanc de côteau, exposition sud-est. 13 Jun 1973, Cayouette & Quattara 73-145 (holotype ” QFA; isotypes: CM0360 digital image!, DAO000466223 About DAO digital image!, GH 00030150 digital image!, MICH1192832 About MICH digital image!, NY00319872 digital image!, US00288582 digital image!) .

Trillium cernuum f. tangerae Wherry, View in CoL Bartonia 23: 49. 1945. Type:— USA. Pennsylvania: Adams County, 2 miles west-southwest of Iron Springs , moist rocky woods, 5 May 1945, Wherry s.n. (holotype: PH 00028390, lectotype designated here, digital image!; isolectotype: PH 00028389 digital image!).

Note:— Patrick annotated PH 00028390 as lectotype. We formalize this designation here .

Trillium cernuum var. terrae -novae Boivin , Rhodora 55: 101–102. 1953. Type :— CANADA. Newfoundland : west coast near Stephensville , west side of E. Harmon Air Force Base, in wet black soil under Alder bushes, 9 June 1949, Bassett 293 (holotype: DAO 000466288 About DAO digital image!).