Solariola pesarinii Baviera, 2015

Bello’, Cesare, Osella, Giuseppe & Baviera, Cosimo, 2019, A taxonomic monograph of the genus Solariola Flach, 1908 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae), Zootaxa 4676 (1), pp. 1-261 : 179-183

Solariola pesarinii Baviera, 2015

( Figs 33, 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, 33e , 46d , 79, 79 ’, 122, 165, 208)

Solariola vitalei: Osella et al., 2004 (fauna): 107 (not S. vitalei ). Solariola pesarinii: Baviera, 2015 (revision): 401, 405, 417– 419, 426–428; Morrone & Hlaváč, 2017 (checklist): 50; Pierotti, 2017a (catalogue): 344.

Type locality. Sicily, Messina, Montalbano Elicona, Peloritani Mountains , Malabotta Forest , 1300m ( Fig. 259 ) .

Diagnosis. A small to medium size Solariola (TL: 2.7 8– 3.20 mm; BL: 2.25–2.60 mm) belonging to the paganettii group with slender body shape. Within the species group, it is recognisable by red– brownish cuticle, elytral surface with deep and dense punctures, and elongate rostrum. Rostrum slender (RL: 0.40–0.50 mm, RW: 0.25–0.30 mm, RL/RW: 1.60–1.67). Mesorostrum carinae slightly divergent to sides. Forehead convex (FW/MW: 2.00–2.00). Submentum and laterally mesorostrum with a few, short, whitish-yellowish pappolepida. Antennae long and thin (SL: 0.50–0.55 mm, FL: 0.67–0.70 mm, SL/FL: 0.75–0.78). Pronotum longer than wide (PL: 0.60–0.70 mm, PW: 0.55–0.65 mm, PL/PW: 1.08–1.09) without echinopappolepida at base. Elongate, oblong or sub-parallel elytra, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.65–1.90 mm, EW: 0.82–0.92 mm, EL/EW: 2.00–2.06) with thin and elongate setae raised.

Material examined. Holotype male with following labels: [genitalia in glue] [white label] / ♂ [w, p] / Si- cilia, Messina, Monti Peloritani, Montalbano Elicona, Bosco di Malabotta 1200–1300 m s.l.m. 24.IV.2006 vaglio sub Fagus, C. Baviera Leg. [w, p] / Solariola pesarinii Baviera, 2013 HOLOTYPUS [r, p] / Solariola pesarinii Baviera , 20153 Holotype, det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [r, p] / esemplare fotografato by Francesco Sacco [y, p] ( MCIZ).

Paratypes. 63 specimens (males and females) with following labels: Sicilia, Messina, Monti Peloritani, Montalbano Elicona , Bosco di Malabotta 1200–1300 m s.l.m. 24.IV.2006, vaglio Leg. Baviera C.; same data, 12.XI.2005; same data, 02.X.2007; same locality, 27.IV.1982, M2 Leg. Osella G.; same locality, 24.V.1984, Leg. Sabella G.; Sicilia Malabotta M 4a, 20.VII.1982, Leg. Brandmayr; Malabotta ceppaio, 24.V.1984, Leg. Sabella; Malabotta, 22.XI.1982, Leg. Sabella; Sicilia Bosco di Malabotta , 10.VIII.1992 Leg. Sabella; Sicilia Montalbano Elicona Bosco di Malabotta , 6.VI.1990, Leg. Sabella; Sicilia, Bosco di Malabotta , 8–IV–2013, 1260 m, Leg. Paladini; Sicilia, Bosco di Malabotta , 8–IV– 2013, 1260 m, Leg. Colacurcio; ( APA, CBA, CBE, ECO, GOS, LCO, LDI, LFO, MSNG, MSNM, MZUF). All with label: Solariola pesarinii Baviera, 2013 PARATYPUS [r, p].

Others specimens examined (8 males and females) with the following labels: Sicilia (Peloritani), ME, bosco Malabotta , 1250m, leg. Focarile / vagliatura di Quercus cerris , 1ex, ( TMLF) ; Sicilia, Malabotta, M 4a, 20. VII. 90, Brandmayr, 1 ex. ( GOS) ; Sicilia, Messina, Francavilla, Malabotta , 8. III. 2016, Colacurcio, 6 exx. ( CBE, LDI) .

Holotype redescription. Male. See Figs 33, 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, 33e . Elongate body (T L: 2.80 mm, BL: 2.30 mm). Red-brownish cuticle.

Rostrum slender and elongate (RL: 0.45 mm, RW: 0.27 mm, RL/RW: 1.67), conical to sides with pterygium expanded. Epistome absent. Mesorostrum carinae divergent to sides. Submentum with short, whitish-yellowish pappolepida, also partially visible around mesorostrum. Interocular pit visible. Forehead convex (FW/MW: 2.00). Vestigial eyes convex, visible.

Antennae thin and elongate (SL: 0.55 mm, FL: 0.70 mm, SL/FL: 0.78); AS ratio: 6.6.3.3.3.3.3.12. Scape clubbed, slightly more robust than funicle, curved at proximal third and progressively thickening towards apex. Funicle long and thin; all segments with elongate and thin setae. Club three-segmented, oval–elongate, less than twice long its width, densely covered by thin setae.

Pronotum longer than wide (PL: 0.65 mm, PW: 0.60 mm, PL/PW: 1.08), wider at middle and without echinopappolepida at base. Scutellum visible.

Elytra elongate, oblong to sides, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.70 mm, EW: 0.85 mm, EL/EW: 2.00), wider at middle with convex suture. Humeri rounded. Striae with 15–16 punctures, catenulate, deep. Interstriae a little convex with thin and elongate setae raised. Elytral declivity> 60 degrees.

Legs short and robust with clubbed femora. Protibia with seven acute spines on inner edge and an evident mucro on inner apical angle. Protibia sinuous on inner edge and slightly curved in side view. Metatibia and mesotibia straight in side view. All tibia with noticeable apical comb. Tarsal segment 1 short, conical; segment 2 short and transverse; segment 3 very bilobed; all segments with thin golden setae. Onychium curved, robust and short with one short claw.

Male genitalia. See Figs: dorsal shape aedeagus Fig. 79 ; apex of penis Fig. 79 ’; IX sternite Fig. 122 .

Female genitalia. See Figs: spermatheca Fig. 165 ; VIII sternite Fig. 208 .

Sexual dimorphism. Males can usually be recognized by their smaller size, slender appearance, more rounded humeri, legs stronger with a more noticeable apical mucro, and ventrites 1 and 2 slightly hollowed.

Paratypes variability. Paratypes, sexual dimorphism excluded, are similar to the holotype but differs in size.

Distribution. See Figs. 223, 223a. Sicilian endemic. Known from Peloritani Mounts, mainly Malabotta Forest at 1000–1300 meters of elevation.

Ecology and Phenology. Osella et al. (2004, sub S. vitalei ) consider this species a typical humid and sub-humid Mediterranean forest dweller, thus a relict species related to paleoclimate characteristic of the tertiary Mediterranean forests. Adults of S. pesarinii have been sifted from the soil or, in number, hand collected under stones in April, of an old Quercus forest growing on a moist limestonesoil.

Main soil type. Dystrict Cambisol ( European Soil Data Centre; Panagos et al. 2012) .

Reproduction. Amphigonic.

Associated species. Sympatric with Pseudomeira erinacea Bellò & Baviera (2011) and Simo grandis (Desbrochers, 1888) .

Figures

FIGURES 46a–46n. Facies of Solariola paganettii species group: 46a—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905) ♂ neotype; 46b—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923 ♂ lectotype; 46c—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923 ♂ holotype; 46d—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015 ♂ holotype; 46e—S. comata Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46f—S. graziaensis Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46g—S. margaritae Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46h—S. mariaetheresiae Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holo- type; 46i—S. melonii Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46j—S. nemoralis Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♀ holotype; 46k—S. pacei Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46l—S. pentaphyllica Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46m—S. raphaelis Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46n—S. rosae Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype.

FIGURES 33–33e. Solariola pesarinii Baviera, 2015 holotype ♂ from “Bosco di Malabotta”: 33—habitus dorsal view (scale bar: 1 mm); 33a—habitus, lateral view; 33b—rostrum, lateral view; 33c—base of the elytra; 33d—elytral declivity; 33e—details rostrum, pronotum, funicle and club.

FIGURES 47–89. Dorsal view aedeagus: 47—S. doderoi A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 48—S. ruffoi Osella & Di Marco, 1996, paratype; 49—S. angelae Baviera, 2015, paratype; 50—S. benellii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 51—S. bucolorum sp.n., paratype; 52—S. forbixi sp.n., paratype; 53—S. hyblensis sp. n, ♂ unknown; 54—S. ientilei sp.n., paratype; 55—S. mariaeclarae sp.n., paratype; 56—S. mariaesilvanae sp.n., paratype; 57—S. paulimagrinii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 58—S. petriolii sp.n., paratype; 59—S. sabellai sp.n., ♂ unknown; 60—S. saccoi sp.n., holotype; 61—S. selinusia sp.n., holotype; 62—S. gestroi (A. & F. Solari, 1923), paratype; 63—S. fraterna Baviera, 2015, paratype; 64—S. angelinii sp.n., paratype; 65—S. cajetanibelloi sp.n., paratype; 66—S. calida sp.n., paratype; 67—S. diottii sp.n., paratype; 68—S. fancelloi sp.n., paratype; 69—S. normanna sp.n., paratype; 70—S. obsoleta sp.n., paratype; 71—S. poggii sp.n., paratype; 72—S. sbordonii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 73—S. tedeschii sp.n., paratype; 74—S. venusta sp.n., paratype; 75—S. zoiai sp.n., paratype; 76—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905); 77—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923; 78—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923; 79—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015, paratype; 80—S. comata sp.n., paratype; 81—S. graziaensis sp.n., paratype; 82—S. margaritae sp.n., paratype; 83—S. mariaetheresiae sp.n., paratype; 84—S. melonii sp.n., paratype; 85—S. nemoralis sp.n., paratype; 86—S. pacei sp.n., paratype; 87—S. pentaphyllica sp.n., paratype; 88—S. raphaelis sp.n., paratype; 89—S. rosae sp.n., paratype.

FIGURES 259–262. FIGURE 259. “Messina, Peloritani, Bosco Malabotta, 1300m” type locality of S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015—Photo by: C. Baviera. FIGURE 260. “Messina, Peloritani, Rometta, Gimello San Leone, 480m” type locality of S. comata Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n.—Photo by C. Bellò. FIGURE 261. “Messina, Peloritani, Castanea, Contrada Grazia” type locality of S. graziaensis Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n.—Photo by C. Baviera. FIGURE 262. “Reggio Calabria, Aspromonte, Montalto, 1850” type locality of S. margaritae Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n.—Photo by C. Baviera.

FIGURES 90–132. IX Sternite: 90—S. doderoi A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 91—S. ruffoi Osella & Di Marco, 1996, paratype; 92—S. angelae Baviera, 2015, paratype; 93—S. benellii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 94—S. bucolorum sp.n., paratype; 95—S. forbixi sp.n., paratype; 96—S. hyblensis sp.n., ♂ unknown; 97—S. ientilei sp.n., paratype; 98—S. mariaeclarae sp.n.,# paratype; 99—S. mariaesilvanae sp.n., paratype; 100—S. paulimagrinii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 101—S. petriolii sp.n., paratype; 102—S. sabellai sp.n., ♂ unknown; 103—S. saccoi sp.n., ♂ holotype; 104—S. selinusia sp.n., ♂ holotype; 105—S. gestroi (A. & F. Solari, 1923), paratype; 106—S. fraterna Baviera, 2015, paratype; 107—S. angelinii sp.n., paratype; 108—S. cajetanibelloi sp.n. paratype; 109—S. calida sp.n., paratype; 110—S. diottii sp.n., paratype; 111—S. fancelloi sp.n., paratype; 112—S. normanna sp.n., paratype; 113—S. obsoleta sp.n., paratype; 114—S. poggii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 115—S. sbordonii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 116—S. tedeschii sp.n., paratype; 117—S. venusta sp.n., paratype; 118—S. zoiai sp.n., paratype; 119—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905); 120—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923; 121—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923, not present; 122—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015, paratype; 123—S. comata sp.n., paratype; 124—S. graziaensis sp.n., paratype; 125—S. margaritae sp.n., paratype; 126—S. mariaetheresiae sp.n., paratype; 127—S. melonii sp.n., paratype; 128—S. nemoralis sp.n., paratype; 129—S. pacei sp.n., paratype; 130—S. pentaphyllica sp.n., paratype; 131—S. raphaelis sp.n., paratype; 132—S. rosae sp.n., paratype.

FIGURES 133–175. Spermatheca: 133—S. doderoi A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 134—S. ruffoi Osella & Di Marco, 1996, paratype; 135—S. angelae Baviera, 2015, paratype; 136—S. benellii sp.n., holotype; 137—S. bucolorum sp.n., paratype; 138— S. forbixi sp.n., paratype; 139—S. hyblensis sp.n., holotype; 140—S. ientilei sp.n., paratype; 141—S. mariaeclarae sp.n., paratype; 142—S. mariaesilvanae sp.n., paratype; 143—S. paulimagrinii sp.n., paratype; 144—S. petriolii sp.n., holotype, not found spermatheca; 145—S. sabellai sp.n., holotype; 146—S. saccoi sp.n., ♀ unknown; 147—S. selinusia sp.n. ♀ unknown; 148—S. gestroi (A. & F. Solari, 1923), sintypus; 149—S. fraterna Baviera, 2015, paratype; 150—S. angelinii sp.n., paratype; 151—S. cajetanibelloi sp.n., paratype; 152—S. calida sp.n., paratype; 153—S. diottii sp.n., paratype; 154—S. fancelloi sp.n., paratype; 155—S. normanna sp.n., paratype; 156—S. obsoleta sp.n., paratype; 157—S. poggii sp.n., holotype; 158—S. sbordonii sp.n., holotype; 159—S. tedeschii sp.n., paratype; 160—S. venusta sp.n., paratype; 161—S. zoiai sp.n., paratype; 162—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905); 163—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 164—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923; 165—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015, paratype; 166—S. comata sp.n., paratype; 167—S. graziaensis sp.n., paratype; 168—S. margaritae sp.n., paratype; 169—S. mariaetheresiae sp.n., paratype; 170—S. melonii sp.n., paratype; 171—S. nemoralis sp.n., holotype; 172—S. pacei sp.n., paratype; 173—S. pentaphyllica sp.n., paratype; 174—S. raphaelis sp.n., paratype; 175—S. rosae sp.n., paratype.

FIGURES 176–218. VIII Sternite: 176—S. doderoi A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 177—S. ruffoi Osella & Di Marco, 1996, paratype; 178—S. angelae Baviera, 2015, paratype; 179—S. benellii sp.n., holotype; 180—S. bucolorum sp.n., paratype; 181— S. forbixi sp.n., paratype; 182—S. hyblensis sp.n., holotype; 183—S. ientilei sp.n., paratype; 184—S. mariaeclarae sp.n., paratype; 185—S. mariaesilvanae sp.n., paratype; 186—S. paulimagrinii sp.n., paratype; 187—S. petriolii sp.n., holotype; 188—S. sabellai sp.n., holotype; 189—S. saccoi sp.n., ♀ unknown; 190—S. selinusia sp.n. ♀ unknown; 191—S. gestroi (A. & F. Solari, 1923), sintypus; 192—S. fraterna Baviera, 2015, paratype; 193—S. angelinii sp.n., paratype; 194—S. cajetanibelloi sp.n., paratype; 195—S. calida sp.n., paratype; 196—S. diottii sp.n., paratype; 197—S. fancelloi sp.n., paratype; 198—S. normanna sp.n., paratype; 199—S. obsoleta sp.n., paratype; 200—S. poggii sp.n., holotype; 201—S. sbordonii sp.n., holotype; 202—S. tedeschii sp.n., paratype; 203—S. venusta sp.n., paratype; 204—S. zoiai sp.n., paratype; 205—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905); 206—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 207—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923; 208—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015, paratype; 209—S. comata sp.n., paratype; 210—S. graziaensis sp.n., paratype; 211—S. margaritae sp.n., paratype; 212—S. mariaetheresiae sp.n., paratype; 213—S. melonii sp.n., paratype; 214—S. nemoralis sp.n., holotype; 215—S. pacei sp.n., paratype; 216—S. pentaphyllica sp.n., paratype; 217—S. raphaelis sp.n., paratype; 218—S. rosae sp.n., paratype.