Solariola hirtula (A. Solari & F. Solari, 1923 )

Bello’, Cesare, Osella, Giuseppe & Baviera, Cosimo, 2019, A taxonomic monograph of the genus Solariola Flach, 1908 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae), Zootaxa 4676 (1), pp. 1-261 : 167-168

Solariola hirtula (A. Solari & F. Solari, 1923)

( Figs 31, 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d, 31e, 31 ’, 31’a, 31’b, 31’c, 31’d, 31’e, 46b, 77, 77’, 120, 163, 206)

Solariola gestroi ssp. hirtula: A. Solari & F. Solari, 1923 (revision): 51–57.

Solariola gestroi ssp. hirtula: Luigioni, 1929 (catalogue): 871; Porta, 1932 (catalogue): 57; Winkler, 1932 (catalogue): 1432; Lona, 1937 (catalogue): 233; Osella, 1976: 194 (fauna); Abbazzi et al., 1989 (fauna): 321; Abbazzi & Osella, 1992 (catalogue): 302; Abbazzi et al., 1995 (catalogue): 22; Osella & Di Marco 1996: 355 (fauna); Colonnelli, 2003 (checklist): 46; Osella et al., 2005 (checklist); Abbazzi & Maggini, 2009 (catalogue): 58; Magnano & Alonso Zarazaga, 2013 (catalogue): 347. Solariola hirtula: Baviera, 2015: 401 –404, 408–412, 419, 426–428 (revision); Morrone & Hlaváč, 2017 (checklist): 50; Pierotti, 2017a (catalogue): 344.

Type locality. Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Aspromonte Mountains , S. Eufemia d’Aspromonte ( Fig. 257 ) .

Diagnosis. A small size Solariola (TL: 2.3 5– 2.72 mm; BL: 1.95–2.30 mm) belonging to the paganettii group with slender body shape. Within the species group, it is recognisable by brownish cuticle, elongate pronotum, clubbed profemora. Rostrum slender and short (RL: 0.40–0.45 mm, RW: 0.27–0.30 mm, RL/RW: 1.43–1.50). Mesorostrum carinae just divergent to sides. Forehead convex (FW/MW: 2.00–2.00). Submentum and laterally mesorostrum with a few, short, yellowish pappolepida. Antennae long and thin (SL: 0.50–0.55 mm, FL: 0.65–0.75 mm, SL/FL: 0.71–0.77). Pronotum longer than wide (PL: 0.57–0.70 mm, PW: 0.50–0.64 mm, PL/PW: 1.10–1.18) without echinopappolepida at base. Elongate, sub-parallel to sides elytra, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.40–1.70 mm, EW: 0.70–0.85 mm, EL/EW: 2.00–2.00) with thin and elongate setae quite raised.

Material examined. Lectotype male with following labels: [genitalia in glue] [white label] / Calabria, S[anta] ta Eufemia [w, p] / Paganetti [leg.] [w, pd] / co Typus [w p] ♂ / subsp. hirtula Solari Boll [ettino] Soc[ietà] E[ntomologica] It[aliana] 1923 [w, hw] / Solariola hirtula ( Solari, 1923) LECTOTYPUS [Baviera 2013 des.] [r, p] / Solariola hirtula (A. Solari & F. Solari, 1923) Holotype, det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [r, p] / esemplare fotografato by Francesco Sacco [y, p] ( MSNM).

Paralectotypes. Twelve specimens with the following labels: Calabria, S[anta] ta Eufemia [w, p] / Paganetti [leg.] [w, pd] / co Typus [w p] / subsp. hirtula Solari Boll. [ettino] Soc.[ietà] E.[ntomologica] It.[aliana] 1923 [w, hw] / Solariola hirtula ( Solari, 1923) PARALECTOTYPUS [Baviera 2013 des.] [r, p] ( CBE, MSNM).

Others specimens examined (115 specimens males and females) with the following labels: Calabria, S[anta] [w, p] / Paganetti [leg.] [w, p] (16 specimens, GOS, MCZR, MSNM); Calabria, Gerace [w, p] / Paganetti [leg.] [w, p] (2 specimens, MSNM); Aspromonte, S. Eufemia, 28. V. ‘89, [leg.] Bellò [w, p] / same data [leg.] Pierotti [w, p] (2 specimens, CBE, GOS); Aspromonte ( RC), S. Alessio in Aspromonte, castagneto, 470m, 2. V. 1993, leg. Angelini & Sabella [w, p] (7 specimens, CBE, GOS); Aspromonte, S.ta Eufemia, Fiumara di Crasta, castagneto, 630m, 3. V. 1993, leg. Angelini & Sabella [w, p] (4 specimens, CBA, CBE, MZUF); Aspromonte ( RC), Antonimina, bosco misto, 750m, 3. V. 1993, leg. Angelini & Sabella [w, p] (2 specimens, MZUF); Aspromonte ( RC), Antonimina, bosco misto, 800m, 3. V. 1993, lecceta, leg. Angelini & Sabella [w, p] (2 specimens, MZUF); Aspromonte, S.ta Eufemia, Fiumara di Crasta, lecceta, 600m, 4. V. 1993, leg. Angelini & Sabella [w, p] (6 specimens, CBA, CBE, GOS, MZUF); Aspromonte ( RC), Antonimina, lecceta, 800m, 1. VI. 1993, leg. Angelini & Sabella [w, p] (12 specimens, CBA, CBE, GOS, MZUF); Aspromonte ( RC), Antonimina, lecceta, 800m, 1. VI. 1993, leg. Angelini & Sabella [w, p] (17 specimens, CBA, CBE, GOS, MZUF); Aspromonte ( RC), Gerace, castagneto, 650m, 11. X. 1993, leg. Angelini & Sabella [w, p] (2 specimens, GOS, MZUF); Aspromonte ( RC), Gerace, lecceta, 700m, 11. X. 1993, leg. Angelini & Sabella [w, p] (4 specimens, CBE, GOS, MZUF); Aspromonte ( RC), Ciminà, lecceta, 800m, 12. X. 1993, leg. Angelini & Sabella [w, p] (7 specimens, CBE, GOS, MCZR, MZUF); Aspromonte ( RC), S. Luca, str. per Sant. Polsi, lecceta, 740m, 13 X 93, leg. Angelini & Sabella [w, p] (2 specimens, GOS, MZUF); Aspromonte ( RC), str. S.ta Eufemia—Piani Aspr[omonte], lecceta, 780m, 15 X 93, leg. Angelini & Sabella [w, p] (5 specimens, CBA, CBE, GOS, MZUF); Aspromonte, S. Luca, prato dint[orni], 16. XI. 93, leg. Sabella [w, p] (3 specimens, CBA, RMO); Calabria, Asprom. str. S. Eufemia-Piani Aspr[omonte], 600m, castagn[eto], 7. VI. 94, leg. Angelini [w, p] (1 specimen, MZUF); Calabria, Aspromonte ( RC), Gerace, castagn, 750m, 8. XI. 1997, leg. Angelini [w, p] (2 specimens, RMO); Calabria, Aspromonte ( RC), Gerace, lecceta, 9. XI. 1997, leg. Angelini [w, p] (6 specimens, MZUF); Calabria ( RC), Asprom, Piani Aspromonte, 26. IV. 2002, leg. F. Angelini [w, p] (6 specimens, CBA, ECO, GOS, MZUF, MTE); Castanet, H.te Garonne, J. Clermont [w, p] / Troglorhynchus clermonti [w, p] Museum Paris 1968, coll. A. Hoffmann [w, p] /erreurs d’etiquetage, Orousset 2018 (comm. pers.) [w, p] / Solariola hirtula ( A & F Solari, 1923) det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [w, p] (3 specimens, MHSN).

Lectotype redescription. Male. See Figs 31, 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d, 31e . Elongate body (T L: 2.62 mm, BL: 2.10 mm). Brownish cuticle.

Rostrum slender, short (RL: 0.40 mm, RW: 0.27 mm, RL/RW: 1.48), conical to sides with more expanded pterygium. Epistome absent. Mesorostrum carinae just divergent to sides. Submentum with short, yellowish pappolepida, also partially visible around mesorostrum. Interocular pit visible. Forehead convex (FW/MW: 2.00). Vestigial eyes small, convex, and well visible.

Antennae thin and elongate (SL: 0.50 mm, FL: 0.70 mm, SL/FL: 0.71). Funicle with second segment longer than the first; AS ratio: 5.6.3.3.3.3.3.12. Scape clubbed, slightly more robust than funicle, curved at proximal third and progressively thickening towards apex. Funicle long and thin; all segments with elongate and thin setae. Club three-segmented, oval, in length less twice than width, densely covered by thin setae.

Pronotum longer than wide (PL: 0.65 mm, PW: 0.55 mm, PL/PW: 1.18), wider in distal half and without echinopappolepida at base. Scutellum visible.

Elytra elongate, sub-parallel to sides, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.50 mm, EW: 0.75 mm, EL/EW: 2.00), wider in the basal third with convex suture. Humeri briefly rounded. Striae with 13–14 punctures large, catenulate, deep. Interstriae flat with thin and elongate setae quite raised. Elytral declivity <60 degrees.

Legs elongate and not robust with clubbed femora. Protibia with eight acute spines on inner edge and an evident mucro on inner apical angle. Protibia sinuous on inner edge and curved in side view. Metatibia and mesotibia straight in side view. All tibia with noticeable apical comb. Tarsal segment 1 short, conical; segment 2 short and transverse; segment 3 very bilobed; all segments with thin golden setae. Onychium curved, robust and short with one short claw.

Male genitalia. See Figs: dorsal shape aedeagus Fig. 77 ; apex of penis Fig. 77 ’; IX sternite Fig. 120 .

Female genitalia. See Figs: spermatheca Fig. 163 ; VIII sternite Fig. 206 .

Sexual dimorphism. Males can usually be recognized by their smaller size, slender appearance, more rounded humeri, legs stronger with a more noticeable apical mucro, and ventrites 1 and 2 slightly hollowed.

Paratypes and others specimens variability. Paratypes, sexual dimorphism excluded, are similar to the holotype but differs in size. Other specimens differ from lectotype only slightly for size and for the normal differences found in ♀♀: elytra with sides very slightly arched, inner margin of tibiae more weakly bisinuate, anterior tibiae not curved inwards at apex.

Distribution. See Figs. 223, 223a. Italian endemic. Known only from Aspromonte Massif, at 400–800 meters of elevation.

Ecology and Phenology. Specimens were collected sifting leaves in a mixed forest of Castanea sativa L. and Quercus ilex L..

Main soil type. Vertic Cambisol ( European Soil Data Centre; Panagos et al. 2012) .

Reproduction. Amphigonic.

Associated species. Sympatric with Pseudomeira paganettii (A. & F. Solari, 1907), Pseudomeira erinacea Bellò & Baviera (2011) , and Aparopion suturidens Reitter, 1891 .

Figures

FIGURES 31–31e. Solariola hirtula (A. & F. Solari, 1923) lectotype ♂ from “Aspromonte, Santa Eufemia”: 31—habitus dorsal view (scale bar: 1 mm); 31a—habitus, lateral view; 31b—rostrum, lateral view; 31c—base of the elytra; 31d—elytral declivity; 31e—details rostrum, pronotum, funicle and club.

FIGURES 255–258. FIGURE 255. “Catanzaro, Sambiase, Terme di Caronte, 260m” type locality of S. zoiai Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. FIGURE 256. “Reggio Calabria, Aspromonte, Montalto“ locality of S. paganettii (Flach, 1905)—Photo by C. Baviera FIGURE 257. “Aspromonte, Santa Eufemia” locality of S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923. FIGURE 258. “Messina, Peloritani, Monte Ciccia” locality of S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923—Photo by C. Baviera.

FIGURES 47–89. Dorsal view aedeagus: 47—S. doderoi A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 48—S. ruffoi Osella & Di Marco, 1996, paratype; 49—S. angelae Baviera, 2015, paratype; 50—S. benellii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 51—S. bucolorum sp.n., paratype; 52—S. forbixi sp.n., paratype; 53—S. hyblensis sp. n, ♂ unknown; 54—S. ientilei sp.n., paratype; 55—S. mariaeclarae sp.n., paratype; 56—S. mariaesilvanae sp.n., paratype; 57—S. paulimagrinii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 58—S. petriolii sp.n., paratype; 59—S. sabellai sp.n., ♂ unknown; 60—S. saccoi sp.n., holotype; 61—S. selinusia sp.n., holotype; 62—S. gestroi (A. & F. Solari, 1923), paratype; 63—S. fraterna Baviera, 2015, paratype; 64—S. angelinii sp.n., paratype; 65—S. cajetanibelloi sp.n., paratype; 66—S. calida sp.n., paratype; 67—S. diottii sp.n., paratype; 68—S. fancelloi sp.n., paratype; 69—S. normanna sp.n., paratype; 70—S. obsoleta sp.n., paratype; 71—S. poggii sp.n., paratype; 72—S. sbordonii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 73—S. tedeschii sp.n., paratype; 74—S. venusta sp.n., paratype; 75—S. zoiai sp.n., paratype; 76—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905); 77—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923; 78—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923; 79—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015, paratype; 80—S. comata sp.n., paratype; 81—S. graziaensis sp.n., paratype; 82—S. margaritae sp.n., paratype; 83—S. mariaetheresiae sp.n., paratype; 84—S. melonii sp.n., paratype; 85—S. nemoralis sp.n., paratype; 86—S. pacei sp.n., paratype; 87—S. pentaphyllica sp.n., paratype; 88—S. raphaelis sp.n., paratype; 89—S. rosae sp.n., paratype.

FIGURES 90–132. IX Sternite: 90—S. doderoi A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 91—S. ruffoi Osella & Di Marco, 1996, paratype; 92—S. angelae Baviera, 2015, paratype; 93—S. benellii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 94—S. bucolorum sp.n., paratype; 95—S. forbixi sp.n., paratype; 96—S. hyblensis sp.n., ♂ unknown; 97—S. ientilei sp.n., paratype; 98—S. mariaeclarae sp.n.,# paratype; 99—S. mariaesilvanae sp.n., paratype; 100—S. paulimagrinii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 101—S. petriolii sp.n., paratype; 102—S. sabellai sp.n., ♂ unknown; 103—S. saccoi sp.n., ♂ holotype; 104—S. selinusia sp.n., ♂ holotype; 105—S. gestroi (A. & F. Solari, 1923), paratype; 106—S. fraterna Baviera, 2015, paratype; 107—S. angelinii sp.n., paratype; 108—S. cajetanibelloi sp.n. paratype; 109—S. calida sp.n., paratype; 110—S. diottii sp.n., paratype; 111—S. fancelloi sp.n., paratype; 112—S. normanna sp.n., paratype; 113—S. obsoleta sp.n., paratype; 114—S. poggii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 115—S. sbordonii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 116—S. tedeschii sp.n., paratype; 117—S. venusta sp.n., paratype; 118—S. zoiai sp.n., paratype; 119—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905); 120—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923; 121—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923, not present; 122—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015, paratype; 123—S. comata sp.n., paratype; 124—S. graziaensis sp.n., paratype; 125—S. margaritae sp.n., paratype; 126—S. mariaetheresiae sp.n., paratype; 127—S. melonii sp.n., paratype; 128—S. nemoralis sp.n., paratype; 129—S. pacei sp.n., paratype; 130—S. pentaphyllica sp.n., paratype; 131—S. raphaelis sp.n., paratype; 132—S. rosae sp.n., paratype.

FIGURES 133–175. Spermatheca: 133—S. doderoi A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 134—S. ruffoi Osella & Di Marco, 1996, paratype; 135—S. angelae Baviera, 2015, paratype; 136—S. benellii sp.n., holotype; 137—S. bucolorum sp.n., paratype; 138— S. forbixi sp.n., paratype; 139—S. hyblensis sp.n., holotype; 140—S. ientilei sp.n., paratype; 141—S. mariaeclarae sp.n., paratype; 142—S. mariaesilvanae sp.n., paratype; 143—S. paulimagrinii sp.n., paratype; 144—S. petriolii sp.n., holotype, not found spermatheca; 145—S. sabellai sp.n., holotype; 146—S. saccoi sp.n., ♀ unknown; 147—S. selinusia sp.n. ♀ unknown; 148—S. gestroi (A. & F. Solari, 1923), sintypus; 149—S. fraterna Baviera, 2015, paratype; 150—S. angelinii sp.n., paratype; 151—S. cajetanibelloi sp.n., paratype; 152—S. calida sp.n., paratype; 153—S. diottii sp.n., paratype; 154—S. fancelloi sp.n., paratype; 155—S. normanna sp.n., paratype; 156—S. obsoleta sp.n., paratype; 157—S. poggii sp.n., holotype; 158—S. sbordonii sp.n., holotype; 159—S. tedeschii sp.n., paratype; 160—S. venusta sp.n., paratype; 161—S. zoiai sp.n., paratype; 162—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905); 163—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 164—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923; 165—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015, paratype; 166—S. comata sp.n., paratype; 167—S. graziaensis sp.n., paratype; 168—S. margaritae sp.n., paratype; 169—S. mariaetheresiae sp.n., paratype; 170—S. melonii sp.n., paratype; 171—S. nemoralis sp.n., holotype; 172—S. pacei sp.n., paratype; 173—S. pentaphyllica sp.n., paratype; 174—S. raphaelis sp.n., paratype; 175—S. rosae sp.n., paratype.

FIGURES 176–218. VIII Sternite: 176—S. doderoi A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 177—S. ruffoi Osella & Di Marco, 1996, paratype; 178—S. angelae Baviera, 2015, paratype; 179—S. benellii sp.n., holotype; 180—S. bucolorum sp.n., paratype; 181— S. forbixi sp.n., paratype; 182—S. hyblensis sp.n., holotype; 183—S. ientilei sp.n., paratype; 184—S. mariaeclarae sp.n., paratype; 185—S. mariaesilvanae sp.n., paratype; 186—S. paulimagrinii sp.n., paratype; 187—S. petriolii sp.n., holotype; 188—S. sabellai sp.n., holotype; 189—S. saccoi sp.n., ♀ unknown; 190—S. selinusia sp.n. ♀ unknown; 191—S. gestroi (A. & F. Solari, 1923), sintypus; 192—S. fraterna Baviera, 2015, paratype; 193—S. angelinii sp.n., paratype; 194—S. cajetanibelloi sp.n., paratype; 195—S. calida sp.n., paratype; 196—S. diottii sp.n., paratype; 197—S. fancelloi sp.n., paratype; 198—S. normanna sp.n., paratype; 199—S. obsoleta sp.n., paratype; 200—S. poggii sp.n., holotype; 201—S. sbordonii sp.n., holotype; 202—S. tedeschii sp.n., paratype; 203—S. venusta sp.n., paratype; 204—S. zoiai sp.n., paratype; 205—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905); 206—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 207—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923; 208—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015, paratype; 209—S. comata sp.n., paratype; 210—S. graziaensis sp.n., paratype; 211—S. margaritae sp.n., paratype; 212—S. mariaetheresiae sp.n., paratype; 213—S. melonii sp.n., paratype; 214—S. nemoralis sp.n., holotype; 215—S. pacei sp.n., paratype; 216—S. pentaphyllica sp.n., paratype; 217—S. raphaelis sp.n., paratype; 218—S. rosae sp.n., paratype.