Solariola nemoralis Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2019

Bello’, Cesare, Osella, Giuseppe & Baviera, Cosimo, 2019, A taxonomic monograph of the genus Solariola Flach, 1908 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae), Zootaxa 4676 (1), pp. 1-261 : 210-214

Solariola nemoralis Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n.

( Figs 39, 39a, 39b, 39c, 39d, 39e , 46j , 84, 84 ’, 127, 170, 213) http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:268F47E8-0796-4826-970E-7A10B3FE1C14

Type locality. Sicily, Catania, Nebrodi Mountains, Bronte , Foresta Vecchia , 1070m ( Fig. 265 ) .

Diagnosis. A small to medium size Solariola (TL: 2.7 0–2.95 mm; BL: 2.25–2.50 mm) belonging to the paganettii group with slender body shape. Within the species group, it is recognisable by elytra sub-oval, pronotum sinuate to sides, protibia straight in side view. Rostrum short and robust (RL: 0.40–0.45 mm, RW: 0.30–0.35 mm, RL/RW: 1.28–1.33). Mesorostrum carinae slightly divergent to sides. Forehead convex (FW/MW: 2.00–2.00). Submentum and laterally mesorostrum with a few, short, whitish-yellowish pappolepida. Antennae short and robust (SL: 0.48–0.50 mm, FL: 0.75– 0.75 mm, SL/FL: 0.64–0.67). Pronotum longer than wide (PL: 0.65– 0.65 mm, PW: 0.50–0.60 mm, PL/PW: 1.08–1.18), sinuate to sides, without echinopappolepida at base. Elongate, sub-oval elytra, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.65–1.83 mm, EW: 0.80–0.90 mm, EL/EW: 2.03–2.06) with thin, elongate, raised setae.

Type series. Holotype female with following labels: [genitalia in DHMF] [transparent label] / ♀ [w, p] / I, Si- cilia, Catania, Bronte, Foresta Vecchia , Petrosino 2, 4. IV. 2013, Baviera leg. / collezione Cesare Bellò , Castelfranco Veneto [g, p] / Solariola nemoralis Holotype det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [r, p] / esemplare fotografato by Francesco Sacco [y, p] ( MCIZ) .

Paratypes. Two specimens with following labels: Nebrodi, Foresta Vecchia, 1400m, 1. VI. 1986, Sabella [w, p], 1 male ( CBE); Nebrodi, Foresta Vecchia, 1400m, 1. VI. 1986, Sabella [w, p], 1 male ( GOS). All with label: Solariola nemoralis paratype det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera , 2018 [r, p].

Holotype description. Female. See Figs 39, 39a, 39b, 39c, 39d, 39e . Elongate body (T L: 2.70 mm, BL: 2.35 mm). Reddish-brownish cuticle.

Rostrum short and robust (RL: 0.45 mm, RW: 0.35 mm, RL/RW: 1.28), conical to sides with pterygium expanded. Epistome absent. Mesorostrum carinae divergent to sides. Submentum with few, short and yellowish pappolepida, not visible around mesorostrum. Interocular pit visible. Forehead convex (FW/MW: 2.00). Vestigial eyes, small, just convex, and just visible.

Antennae short and robust (SL: 0.50 mm, FL: 0.75 mm, SL/FL: 0.67). Funicle with second segment longer than the first; AS ratio: 5.6.4.4.3.3.3.11. Scape clubbed, more robust than funicle, curved at proximal third and progressively thickening towards apex. Funicle quite short and thin; all segments with elongate and thin setae. Club threesegmented, oval-shaped, in length twice the width, densely covered by thin setae.

Pronotum longer than wide (PL: 0.65 mm, PW: 0.60 mm, PL/PW: 1.08), wider in distal half and without echinopappolepida at base. Scutellum visible.

Elytra elongate, sub-oval to sides, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.75 mm, EW: 0.85 mm, EL/EW: 2.01), wider in basal third with slightly convex suture. Humeri rounded. Striae with 13 punctures, catenulate, small, spaced, not deep. Interstriae slightly convex with thin, elongate, raised setae. Elytral declivity <60 degrees.

Legs elongate and not robust with clubbed femora. Protibia with eight acute spines on inner edge and an evident mucro on inner apical angle. Protibia sinuous on inner edge and straight in side view. Metatibia and mesotibia straight in side view. All tibia with noticeable apical comb. Tarsal segment 1 short, conical; segment 2 short and transverse; segment 3 very bilobed; all segments with thin golden setae. Onychium curved, robust and short with one short claw.

Male genitalia. See Figs: dorsal shape aedeagus Fig. 85 ; apex of penis Fig. 85 ’; IX sternite Fig. 128 .

Female genitalia. See Figs: spermatheca Fig. 171 ; VIII sternite Fig. 214 .

Sexual dimorphism. Males can usually be recognized by their smaller size, slender appearance, more rounded humeri, legs stronger with a more noticeable apical mucro, and ventrites 1 and 2 slightly hollowed.

Paratypes variability. Paratypes, sexual dimorphism excluded, are similar to the holotype but differs in size.

Distribution. See Figs. 223, 223a. Sicilian endemic. Known from “Foresta Vecchia” in Nebrodi Mountains at 1000–1400 meters of elevation.

Etymology. Named from the Latin adjective nemoralis = of the woods.

Ecology and Phenology. Collected S. nemoralis by Winkler extractors from soil obtained sifting the leaf litter of an oak forest with Hedera , in springtime.

Main soil type. Dystric Cambisol ( European Soil Data Centre; Panagos et al. 2012) .

Reproduction. Amphigonic.

Associated species. Sympatric with Pseudomeira obscura (A. & F. Solari, 1907).

Figures

FIGURES 46a–46n. Facies of Solariola paganettii species group: 46a—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905) ♂ neotype; 46b—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923 ♂ lectotype; 46c—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923 ♂ holotype; 46d—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015 ♂ holotype; 46e—S. comata Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46f—S. graziaensis Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46g—S. margaritae Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46h—S. mariaetheresiae Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holo- type; 46i—S. melonii Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46j—S. nemoralis Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♀ holotype; 46k—S. pacei Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46l—S. pentaphyllica Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46m—S. raphaelis Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46n—S. rosae Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype.

FIGURES 39–39e. Solariola nemoralis Bellò, Baviera & Osella, sp.n. holotype ♀ from “Bronte, foresta Vecchia”: 39—habitus dorsal view (scale bar: 1 mm); 39a—habitus, lateral view; 39b—rostrum, lateral view; 39c—base of the elytra; 39d—elytral declivity; 39e—details rostrum, pronotum, funicle and club.

FIGURES 47–89. Dorsal view aedeagus: 47—S. doderoi A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 48—S. ruffoi Osella & Di Marco, 1996, paratype; 49—S. angelae Baviera, 2015, paratype; 50—S. benellii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 51—S. bucolorum sp.n., paratype; 52—S. forbixi sp.n., paratype; 53—S. hyblensis sp. n, ♂ unknown; 54—S. ientilei sp.n., paratype; 55—S. mariaeclarae sp.n., paratype; 56—S. mariaesilvanae sp.n., paratype; 57—S. paulimagrinii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 58—S. petriolii sp.n., paratype; 59—S. sabellai sp.n., ♂ unknown; 60—S. saccoi sp.n., holotype; 61—S. selinusia sp.n., holotype; 62—S. gestroi (A. & F. Solari, 1923), paratype; 63—S. fraterna Baviera, 2015, paratype; 64—S. angelinii sp.n., paratype; 65—S. cajetanibelloi sp.n., paratype; 66—S. calida sp.n., paratype; 67—S. diottii sp.n., paratype; 68—S. fancelloi sp.n., paratype; 69—S. normanna sp.n., paratype; 70—S. obsoleta sp.n., paratype; 71—S. poggii sp.n., paratype; 72—S. sbordonii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 73—S. tedeschii sp.n., paratype; 74—S. venusta sp.n., paratype; 75—S. zoiai sp.n., paratype; 76—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905); 77—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923; 78—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923; 79—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015, paratype; 80—S. comata sp.n., paratype; 81—S. graziaensis sp.n., paratype; 82—S. margaritae sp.n., paratype; 83—S. mariaetheresiae sp.n., paratype; 84—S. melonii sp.n., paratype; 85—S. nemoralis sp.n., paratype; 86—S. pacei sp.n., paratype; 87—S. pentaphyllica sp.n., paratype; 88—S. raphaelis sp.n., paratype; 89—S. rosae sp.n., paratype.

FIGURES 263–266. FIGURE 263. “Vibo Valentia, Le Serre, Arena Dasà, 550m” type locality of S. mariaetheresiae Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n.—Photo by C. Bellò. FIGURE 264. “Vibo Valentia, Le Serre, Monte Pecoraro, 1400m” type locality of S. melonii Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n.—Photo by C. Bellò. FIGURE 265. “ Catania, Nebrodi, Foresta Vecchia, Bronte, 1070m” type locality of S. nemoralis Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n.—Photo by C. Baviera. FIGURE 266. “Reggio Calabria, Aspromonte, Sinopoli, 440m” type locality of S. pacei Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n.

FIGURES 90–132. IX Sternite: 90—S. doderoi A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 91—S. ruffoi Osella & Di Marco, 1996, paratype; 92—S. angelae Baviera, 2015, paratype; 93—S. benellii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 94—S. bucolorum sp.n., paratype; 95—S. forbixi sp.n., paratype; 96—S. hyblensis sp.n., ♂ unknown; 97—S. ientilei sp.n., paratype; 98—S. mariaeclarae sp.n.,# paratype; 99—S. mariaesilvanae sp.n., paratype; 100—S. paulimagrinii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 101—S. petriolii sp.n., paratype; 102—S. sabellai sp.n., ♂ unknown; 103—S. saccoi sp.n., ♂ holotype; 104—S. selinusia sp.n., ♂ holotype; 105—S. gestroi (A. & F. Solari, 1923), paratype; 106—S. fraterna Baviera, 2015, paratype; 107—S. angelinii sp.n., paratype; 108—S. cajetanibelloi sp.n. paratype; 109—S. calida sp.n., paratype; 110—S. diottii sp.n., paratype; 111—S. fancelloi sp.n., paratype; 112—S. normanna sp.n., paratype; 113—S. obsoleta sp.n., paratype; 114—S. poggii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 115—S. sbordonii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 116—S. tedeschii sp.n., paratype; 117—S. venusta sp.n., paratype; 118—S. zoiai sp.n., paratype; 119—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905); 120—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923; 121—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923, not present; 122—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015, paratype; 123—S. comata sp.n., paratype; 124—S. graziaensis sp.n., paratype; 125—S. margaritae sp.n., paratype; 126—S. mariaetheresiae sp.n., paratype; 127—S. melonii sp.n., paratype; 128—S. nemoralis sp.n., paratype; 129—S. pacei sp.n., paratype; 130—S. pentaphyllica sp.n., paratype; 131—S. raphaelis sp.n., paratype; 132—S. rosae sp.n., paratype.

FIGURES 133–175. Spermatheca: 133—S. doderoi A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 134—S. ruffoi Osella & Di Marco, 1996, paratype; 135—S. angelae Baviera, 2015, paratype; 136—S. benellii sp.n., holotype; 137—S. bucolorum sp.n., paratype; 138— S. forbixi sp.n., paratype; 139—S. hyblensis sp.n., holotype; 140—S. ientilei sp.n., paratype; 141—S. mariaeclarae sp.n., paratype; 142—S. mariaesilvanae sp.n., paratype; 143—S. paulimagrinii sp.n., paratype; 144—S. petriolii sp.n., holotype, not found spermatheca; 145—S. sabellai sp.n., holotype; 146—S. saccoi sp.n., ♀ unknown; 147—S. selinusia sp.n. ♀ unknown; 148—S. gestroi (A. & F. Solari, 1923), sintypus; 149—S. fraterna Baviera, 2015, paratype; 150—S. angelinii sp.n., paratype; 151—S. cajetanibelloi sp.n., paratype; 152—S. calida sp.n., paratype; 153—S. diottii sp.n., paratype; 154—S. fancelloi sp.n., paratype; 155—S. normanna sp.n., paratype; 156—S. obsoleta sp.n., paratype; 157—S. poggii sp.n., holotype; 158—S. sbordonii sp.n., holotype; 159—S. tedeschii sp.n., paratype; 160—S. venusta sp.n., paratype; 161—S. zoiai sp.n., paratype; 162—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905); 163—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 164—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923; 165—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015, paratype; 166—S. comata sp.n., paratype; 167—S. graziaensis sp.n., paratype; 168—S. margaritae sp.n., paratype; 169—S. mariaetheresiae sp.n., paratype; 170—S. melonii sp.n., paratype; 171—S. nemoralis sp.n., holotype; 172—S. pacei sp.n., paratype; 173—S. pentaphyllica sp.n., paratype; 174—S. raphaelis sp.n., paratype; 175—S. rosae sp.n., paratype.

FIGURES 176–218. VIII Sternite: 176—S. doderoi A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 177—S. ruffoi Osella & Di Marco, 1996, paratype; 178—S. angelae Baviera, 2015, paratype; 179—S. benellii sp.n., holotype; 180—S. bucolorum sp.n., paratype; 181— S. forbixi sp.n., paratype; 182—S. hyblensis sp.n., holotype; 183—S. ientilei sp.n., paratype; 184—S. mariaeclarae sp.n., paratype; 185—S. mariaesilvanae sp.n., paratype; 186—S. paulimagrinii sp.n., paratype; 187—S. petriolii sp.n., holotype; 188—S. sabellai sp.n., holotype; 189—S. saccoi sp.n., ♀ unknown; 190—S. selinusia sp.n. ♀ unknown; 191—S. gestroi (A. & F. Solari, 1923), sintypus; 192—S. fraterna Baviera, 2015, paratype; 193—S. angelinii sp.n., paratype; 194—S. cajetanibelloi sp.n., paratype; 195—S. calida sp.n., paratype; 196—S. diottii sp.n., paratype; 197—S. fancelloi sp.n., paratype; 198—S. normanna sp.n., paratype; 199—S. obsoleta sp.n., paratype; 200—S. poggii sp.n., holotype; 201—S. sbordonii sp.n., holotype; 202—S. tedeschii sp.n., paratype; 203—S. venusta sp.n., paratype; 204—S. zoiai sp.n., paratype; 205—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905); 206—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 207—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923; 208—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015, paratype; 209—S. comata sp.n., paratype; 210—S. graziaensis sp.n., paratype; 211—S. margaritae sp.n., paratype; 212—S. mariaetheresiae sp.n., paratype; 213—S. melonii sp.n., paratype; 214—S. nemoralis sp.n., holotype; 215—S. pacei sp.n., paratype; 216—S. pentaphyllica sp.n., paratype; 217—S. raphaelis sp.n., paratype; 218—S. rosae sp.n., paratype.