Solariola pentaphyllica Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2019

Bello’, Cesare, Osella, Giuseppe & Baviera, Cosimo, 2019, A taxonomic monograph of the genus Solariola Flach, 1908 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae), Zootaxa 4676 (1), pp. 1-261 : 219-223

Solariola pentaphyllica Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n.

( Figs 41, 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d, 41e , 46l , 86, 86 ’, 129, 172, 215) http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2F128E6A-5EAE-47EF-AC28-0D6D7EC49816

Type locality. Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Aspromonte Mountains, Cinquefrondi , 550m ( Fig. 267 ).

Diagnosis. A small to medium size Solariola (TL: 2.6 0–3.50 mm; BL: 2.10–3.00 mm) belonging to the paganettii group with slender body shape. Within the species group, it is recognisable by sub-parallel elytra with short and raised setae, pronotum as long as wide, rostrum very robust and short (RL: 0.40–0.50 mm, RW: 0.30–0.40 mm, RL/RW: 1.25–1.33). Mesorostrum carinae slightly divergent to sides. Forehead convex (FW/MW: 2.00–2.00). Submentum with short, whitish-yellowish pappolepida. Antennae with short scape and elongate funicle (SL: 0.55–0.65 mm, FL: 0.65–0.90 mm, SL/FL: 0.72–0.84). Pronotum as long as wide (PL: 0.60–0.85 mm, PW: 0.60–0.85 mm, PL/ PW: 1.00–1.00) without echinopappolepida at base. Elongate, sub-parallel elytra, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.55–2.20 mm, EW: 0.77–1.10 mm, EL/EW: 2.00–2.01) with thin, short, raised setae.

Type series. Holotype male with following labels: [genitalia in DHMF] [transparent label] / ♂ [w, p] / Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Cinquefrondi , vaglio Olea + Castanea , 550m, 14. I. 2013, Baviera Cosimo leg. [w, p] / Collezione Cesare Bellò , Castelfranco Veneto [g, p] / Solariola pentaphyllica Holotype det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [r, p] / esemplare fotografato by Francesco Sacco [y, p] ( CBE) .

Paratypes eleven specimens with following labels: Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Cinquefrondi , vaglio Olea + Castanea , 550m, 27. III. 2012, leg. Baviera C. [w, p] / N38°25.379’ E16°07.678’ [w, p], 1 male and 1 female ( CBE) ; Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Cinquefrondi , vaglio Olea + Castanea , 550m, 27. III. 2012, leg. Baviera C. [w, p] / N38°25.379’ E16°07.678’ [w, p], 2 males and 1 female ( CBA); Cal., RC, Cinquefrondi , vaglio Olea , 600m, 27. III. ‘12, leg. Baviera C. [w, p], 1 male ( CBE) ; Cal., RC, Cinquefrondi , vaglio Olea , 600m, 27. III. ‘12, leg. Baviera C. [w, p], 1 male and 1 female ( CBA) ; I, Calabria, RC, Cinquefrondi , vaglio Olea + Castanea , 550m, 14. I. 2013 [w, p], 1 male ( CBE); I, Calabria, RC, Cinquefrondi , vaglio Olea + Castanea , 550m, 14. I. 2013, 38°25.379’N 16°07.678’E, Baviera leg. [w, p], 1 male ( CBE) ; Cinquefrondi , vaglio Olea + Castanea , 550m, 14. I. 2013, 38°25.379’N 16°07.678’E, Baviera leg. [w, p], 1 female ( CBA). All with label: Solariola pentaphyllica paratype det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [r, p].

Holotype description. Male. See Figs 41, 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d, 41e . Elongate body (T L: 2.80 mm, BL: 2.40 mm). Red-brownish cuticle.

Rostrum short and robust (RL: 0.45 mm, RW: 0.35 mm, RL/RW: 1.29), conical to sides with pterygium expanded. Epistome absent. Mesorostrum carinae divergent to sides. Submentum with few, short and yellowish pappolepida, not visible around mesorostrum. Interocular pit visible. Forehead convex (FW/MW: 2.00). Vestigial eyes, small, slightly convex, and visible.

Antennae thin with short scape and elongate funicle (SL: 0.60 mm, FL: 0.80 mm, SL/FL: 0.75); AS ratio: 6.6.4.3.3.3.3.11. Scape clubbed, more robust than funicle, curved at proximal third and progressively thickening towards apex. Funicle elongate and thin; all segments with elongate and thin setae. Club three-segmented, ovalshaped, in length twice the width, densely covered by thin setae.

Pronotum as long as wide (PL: 0.65 mm, PW: 0.65 mm, PL/PW: 1.00), wider at middle and without echinopappolepida at base. Scutellum visible.

Elytra elongate, sub-parallel to sides, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.75 mm, EW: 0.87 mm, EL/EW: 2.01), wider at middle with convex suture. Humeri rounded. Striae with 12 punctures, badly catenulate, spaced, not small, deep. Interstriae convex with thin, short, raised setae. Elytral declivity <60 degrees.

Legs short and robust with clubbed femora. Protibia with seven acute spines on inner edge and an evident mucro on inner apical angle. Protibia sinuous on inner edge and slightly curved in side view. Metatibia and mesotibia straight in side view. All tibia with noticeable apical comb. Tarsal segment 1 short, conical; segment 2 short and transverse; segment 3 very bilobed; all segments with thin golden setae. Onychium curved, robust and short with one short claw.

Male genitalia. See Figs: dorsal shape aedeagus Fig. 87 ; apex of penis Fig. 87 ’; IX sternite Fig. 130 .

Female genitalia. See Figs: spermatheca Fig. 173 ; VIII sternite Fig. 216 .

Sexual dimorphism. Males can usually be recognized by their smaller size, slender appearance, more rounded humeri, legs stronger with a more noticeable apical mucro, and ventrites 1 and 2 slightly hollowed.

Paratypes variability. Paratypes, sexual dimorphism excluded, are similar to the holotype but differs in size.

Distribution. See Figs. 223, 223a. Italian endemic. Known from Aspromonte Mountains near Cinquefrondi locality at 500–600 meters of elevation.

Etymology. Named from the Greek word “Pentáphyllon”, hypothetic ancient name of “Cinquefrondi”.

Ecology and Phenology. Collected S. pentaphyllica by Winkler extractors from soil obtained sifting the leaf litter of Olea and Castanea with Hedera , in winter.

Main soil type. Orthic Luvisol ( European Soil Data Centre; Panagos et al. 2012).

Reproduction. Amphigonic.

Associated species. Sympatric with Pseudomeira paganettii (A. & F. Solari, 1907) and Pseudomeira erinacea Bellò & Baviera, 2011 .

Figures

FIGURES 46a–46n. Facies of Solariola paganettii species group: 46a—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905) ♂ neotype; 46b—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923 ♂ lectotype; 46c—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923 ♂ holotype; 46d—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015 ♂ holotype; 46e—S. comata Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46f—S. graziaensis Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46g—S. margaritae Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46h—S. mariaetheresiae Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holo- type; 46i—S. melonii Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46j—S. nemoralis Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♀ holotype; 46k—S. pacei Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46l—S. pentaphyllica Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46m—S. raphaelis Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype; 46n—S. rosae Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n. ♂ holotype.

FIGURES 41–41e. Solariola pentaphyllica Bellò, Baviera & Osella, sp.n. holotype ♂ from “Cinquefrondi”: 41—habitus dor- sal view (scale bar: 1 mm); 41a—habitus, lateral view; 41b—rostrum, lateral view; 41c—base of the elytra; 41d—elytral declivity; 41e—details rostrum, pronotum, funicle and club.

FIGURES 47–89. Dorsal view aedeagus: 47—S. doderoi A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 48—S. ruffoi Osella & Di Marco, 1996, paratype; 49—S. angelae Baviera, 2015, paratype; 50—S. benellii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 51—S. bucolorum sp.n., paratype; 52—S. forbixi sp.n., paratype; 53—S. hyblensis sp. n, ♂ unknown; 54—S. ientilei sp.n., paratype; 55—S. mariaeclarae sp.n., paratype; 56—S. mariaesilvanae sp.n., paratype; 57—S. paulimagrinii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 58—S. petriolii sp.n., paratype; 59—S. sabellai sp.n., ♂ unknown; 60—S. saccoi sp.n., holotype; 61—S. selinusia sp.n., holotype; 62—S. gestroi (A. & F. Solari, 1923), paratype; 63—S. fraterna Baviera, 2015, paratype; 64—S. angelinii sp.n., paratype; 65—S. cajetanibelloi sp.n., paratype; 66—S. calida sp.n., paratype; 67—S. diottii sp.n., paratype; 68—S. fancelloi sp.n., paratype; 69—S. normanna sp.n., paratype; 70—S. obsoleta sp.n., paratype; 71—S. poggii sp.n., paratype; 72—S. sbordonii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 73—S. tedeschii sp.n., paratype; 74—S. venusta sp.n., paratype; 75—S. zoiai sp.n., paratype; 76—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905); 77—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923; 78—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923; 79—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015, paratype; 80—S. comata sp.n., paratype; 81—S. graziaensis sp.n., paratype; 82—S. margaritae sp.n., paratype; 83—S. mariaetheresiae sp.n., paratype; 84—S. melonii sp.n., paratype; 85—S. nemoralis sp.n., paratype; 86—S. pacei sp.n., paratype; 87—S. pentaphyllica sp.n., paratype; 88—S. raphaelis sp.n., paratype; 89—S. rosae sp.n., paratype.

FIGURES 267–270. FIGURE 267. “Reggio Calabria, Aspromonte, Cinquefrondi, 550m” type locality of S. pentaphyllica Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n.—Photo by C. Baviera. FIGURE 268. “Messina, Peloritani, Monte Antennammare, 1133m” type locality of S. raphaelis Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n.—Photo by C. Baviera. FIGURE 269. “Messina, Peloritani, San Pier Niceto, Li Pantani, 700m” type locality of S. rosae Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n.—Photo by C. Baviera. FIGURE 270. Cosimo Baviera with some of Winkler extractors and Berlese funnels at Messina University.

FIGURES 90–132. IX Sternite: 90—S. doderoi A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 91—S. ruffoi Osella & Di Marco, 1996, paratype; 92—S. angelae Baviera, 2015, paratype; 93—S. benellii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 94—S. bucolorum sp.n., paratype; 95—S. forbixi sp.n., paratype; 96—S. hyblensis sp.n., ♂ unknown; 97—S. ientilei sp.n., paratype; 98—S. mariaeclarae sp.n.,# paratype; 99—S. mariaesilvanae sp.n., paratype; 100—S. paulimagrinii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 101—S. petriolii sp.n., paratype; 102—S. sabellai sp.n., ♂ unknown; 103—S. saccoi sp.n., ♂ holotype; 104—S. selinusia sp.n., ♂ holotype; 105—S. gestroi (A. & F. Solari, 1923), paratype; 106—S. fraterna Baviera, 2015, paratype; 107—S. angelinii sp.n., paratype; 108—S. cajetanibelloi sp.n. paratype; 109—S. calida sp.n., paratype; 110—S. diottii sp.n., paratype; 111—S. fancelloi sp.n., paratype; 112—S. normanna sp.n., paratype; 113—S. obsoleta sp.n., paratype; 114—S. poggii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 115—S. sbordonii sp.n., ♂ unknown; 116—S. tedeschii sp.n., paratype; 117—S. venusta sp.n., paratype; 118—S. zoiai sp.n., paratype; 119—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905); 120—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923; 121—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923, not present; 122—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015, paratype; 123—S. comata sp.n., paratype; 124—S. graziaensis sp.n., paratype; 125—S. margaritae sp.n., paratype; 126—S. mariaetheresiae sp.n., paratype; 127—S. melonii sp.n., paratype; 128—S. nemoralis sp.n., paratype; 129—S. pacei sp.n., paratype; 130—S. pentaphyllica sp.n., paratype; 131—S. raphaelis sp.n., paratype; 132—S. rosae sp.n., paratype.

FIGURES 133–175. Spermatheca: 133—S. doderoi A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 134—S. ruffoi Osella & Di Marco, 1996, paratype; 135—S. angelae Baviera, 2015, paratype; 136—S. benellii sp.n., holotype; 137—S. bucolorum sp.n., paratype; 138— S. forbixi sp.n., paratype; 139—S. hyblensis sp.n., holotype; 140—S. ientilei sp.n., paratype; 141—S. mariaeclarae sp.n., paratype; 142—S. mariaesilvanae sp.n., paratype; 143—S. paulimagrinii sp.n., paratype; 144—S. petriolii sp.n., holotype, not found spermatheca; 145—S. sabellai sp.n., holotype; 146—S. saccoi sp.n., ♀ unknown; 147—S. selinusia sp.n. ♀ unknown; 148—S. gestroi (A. & F. Solari, 1923), sintypus; 149—S. fraterna Baviera, 2015, paratype; 150—S. angelinii sp.n., paratype; 151—S. cajetanibelloi sp.n., paratype; 152—S. calida sp.n., paratype; 153—S. diottii sp.n., paratype; 154—S. fancelloi sp.n., paratype; 155—S. normanna sp.n., paratype; 156—S. obsoleta sp.n., paratype; 157—S. poggii sp.n., holotype; 158—S. sbordonii sp.n., holotype; 159—S. tedeschii sp.n., paratype; 160—S. venusta sp.n., paratype; 161—S. zoiai sp.n., paratype; 162—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905); 163—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 164—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923; 165—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015, paratype; 166—S. comata sp.n., paratype; 167—S. graziaensis sp.n., paratype; 168—S. margaritae sp.n., paratype; 169—S. mariaetheresiae sp.n., paratype; 170—S. melonii sp.n., paratype; 171—S. nemoralis sp.n., holotype; 172—S. pacei sp.n., paratype; 173—S. pentaphyllica sp.n., paratype; 174—S. raphaelis sp.n., paratype; 175—S. rosae sp.n., paratype.

FIGURES 176–218. VIII Sternite: 176—S. doderoi A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 177—S. ruffoi Osella & Di Marco, 1996, paratype; 178—S. angelae Baviera, 2015, paratype; 179—S. benellii sp.n., holotype; 180—S. bucolorum sp.n., paratype; 181— S. forbixi sp.n., paratype; 182—S. hyblensis sp.n., holotype; 183—S. ientilei sp.n., paratype; 184—S. mariaeclarae sp.n., paratype; 185—S. mariaesilvanae sp.n., paratype; 186—S. paulimagrinii sp.n., paratype; 187—S. petriolii sp.n., holotype; 188—S. sabellai sp.n., holotype; 189—S. saccoi sp.n., ♀ unknown; 190—S. selinusia sp.n. ♀ unknown; 191—S. gestroi (A. & F. Solari, 1923), sintypus; 192—S. fraterna Baviera, 2015, paratype; 193—S. angelinii sp.n., paratype; 194—S. cajetanibelloi sp.n., paratype; 195—S. calida sp.n., paratype; 196—S. diottii sp.n., paratype; 197—S. fancelloi sp.n., paratype; 198—S. normanna sp.n., paratype; 199—S. obsoleta sp.n., paratype; 200—S. poggii sp.n., holotype; 201—S. sbordonii sp.n., holotype; 202—S. tedeschii sp.n., paratype; 203—S. venusta sp.n., paratype; 204—S. zoiai sp.n., paratype; 205—S. paganettii (Flach, 1905); 206—S. hirtula A. & F. Solari, 1923, paratype; 207—S. vitalei A. & F. Solari, 1923; 208—S. pesarinii Baviera, 2015, paratype; 209—S. comata sp.n., paratype; 210—S. graziaensis sp.n., paratype; 211—S. margaritae sp.n., paratype; 212—S. mariaetheresiae sp.n., paratype; 213—S. melonii sp.n., paratype; 214—S. nemoralis sp.n., holotype; 215—S. pacei sp.n., paratype; 216—S. pentaphyllica sp.n., paratype; 217—S. raphaelis sp.n., paratype; 218—S. rosae sp.n., paratype.