Anabarhynchus aurantilateralis Ferguson & Glatz., 2019

Ferguson, D. J., Glatz, R. V. & Yeates, D. K., 2019, New stiletto flies in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae) from Kangaroo Island, South Australia, Zootaxa 4646 (2), pp. 331-345 : 333-337

Anabarhynchus aurantilateralis Ferguson & Glatz. sp. nov.

( Figures 2–4 )

http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/ B895FB74-FD90-4F41-8978-B7CE5A698C6F

Type material. Holotype: Male. AUSTRALIA: South Australia: Kangaroo Island (south), Cape Gantheaume WPA, E. end of coastal track; (in copula); net sweep from foliage; 10 February 2015; 36°00.645’S 137°35.532’E; R.V. Glatz; ( SAMA _29:004656) ( SAMA).

Paratypes: 4 Male, 7 Female. AUSTRALIA : South Australia: 1♀ same collection data as Holotype (on ho- lotype pin) ( SAMA _29:004657) ( SAMA) ; 1♀ Dudley CP, off East-West Road ; 27 December 2008; 35°48.170’S 137°53.357’E; sweep net; R.V. Glatz ( RGC _10646)( RGC) ; 1♀ Boobook Hill Reserve , S.E. Kangaroo Is; [35°50.628’S 137°56.896’E]; net sweep off foliage; 28 December 2003; R.V. Glatz ( RGC _2675)( RGC) ; 1♀ Parn- dana CP, Stringy bark track, central Kangaroo Island ; 36°45.161’S 137°19.800’E; sweep net; 27 December 2011; R.V. Glatz ( RGC _13310)( RGC) ; 1♂ and 1♀ (in copula), 3km NW Parndarna CP, property of Paull family near Cygnet River ; 35°43.906’S 137°17.358’E 4 January 2009; R.V. Glatz ( RGC _10089)( RGC) ;

1♂, 1♀ Wilderness Resort near Flinders Chase National Park: yellow pan traps; 18–21 January 2004; L. Vil- helmsen; ( ANIC _29:004883-84) ( ANIC) ; 1♀ Vivonne Bay , 700m NW. Point Ellen; 36°59.759’S 137°10.798’E; sweep net; 24 January 2008; D.A. Young; ( ANIC _29:029334) ( ANIC) ; 1♂ S. Aust. near Seddon Conservation Park CP; [35°49.869’S 137°16.664’E]; net sweep from foliage; 15 January 2000; R.V. Glatz; ( ANIC _29:029335) ( ANIC) ; 1♂ Wilderness Resort near Flinders Chase National Park: yellow pan traps; 18–21 January 2004; L. Vil- helmsen; ( ANIC _29:029336) ( ANIC) .

Diagnosis. Frons bulging; male frons 2.8–4.2 x the anterior ocellus width, female frons 4.3–5.1 x anterior ocellus width; frontal pile black, erect, and conspicuously sparse on lower and middle frons; upper frons pile concentrated around the ocellus; katepisternum and prosternal furrow without pile. Femoral setae: fore femur with 3–5 pd, 3–5 p v weak, 1–3 av; middle femur with 1 pd, 2–4 pv, 1–3 av; hind femur 0–5 pv, 2–5 av. Fore femur predominantly dark grey, apical ventral surface yellow-brown; middle and hind femora yellow-brown; apical dorsal surfaces of all femora densely covered with adpressed black hair-like pile.

Description. Body length ( Fig. 2 ): 11 mm. Wing length: 9 mm. Head. Frons ( Fig. 3 ) bulging along length; frons width (fw) 3.7 x the anterior ocellus width; upper frons (uf) brown with prominent blackish brown spot on mid-frons (mf) spot near eye margin; lateral surfaces of the lower frons (lf) and along the parafacial (pf) pale grey; frontal pile sparsely arranged in two rows; (uf) with the few setae on the lower frons (lf); area lateral of antenna with distinctive triangular-shaped velvet dark grey pubescent mark; frontal pile erect, black, in two divergent rows on the upper and middle frons that converge on the lower frons (lf). Scape and pedicel grey, scape 2.8 x pedicel length, surface of flagellum velvet blackish grey. Occiput convex, grey pubescence and 38–40 black macrosetae on each side. Palpus basal quarter grey, apical three quarters yellowish with white pile distributed along length; labellum dark grey; prementum with black setae. Thorax. Scutal chaetotaxy black (pairs): np, 4–5; sa, 2; pa, 1; dc, 2; sc, 2. Scutum with brownish grey pubescence, indistinct grey median vitta, dark grey lateral vittae, a curved dark grey vitta parallels the transverse suture then merges with the grey median vitta. Katepisternum and prosternal furrow without pile; pleura grey; coxae grey with long white pile admixed with strong, black macrosetae. Wing. Hyaline with grey tinge; vein margins lightly infuscate brown, stigma brown, costal setae beyond humeral cross-vein arranged in 2 rows. Haltere. Stem with basal dorsal surface yellow-brown, apical half dark grey; dorsal surface of knob basally yellow-brown, apically velvet dark grey. Legs. Femoral setae: fore femur 3–5 pd, 3–4 p v weak, 1–2 av; middle femur 1 pd, 2 pv, 1–2 av; hind femur 2–3 av. Fore femur dorsal surface dark grey, ventral surface yellow-brown; middle and hind femora yellow-brown; apical dorsum of all femora densely covered with adpressed black hair-like pile. Tibiae: yellow-brown, darkened apically. Abdomen. Tergites 2–4 with anterior bands extensively black (and with adpressed black hairs) that occupy nearly all the dorsal surfaces except for an orange-brown posterolateral corner with grey pubescence; posterior marginal band of tergites 2–3 narrowly grey-white, sparsely fringed with white hairs; sternites blackish grey with dense pubescence, sternites 2–7 with sparse white pile, and sternites 5–7 admixed with sparse, erect, black setae. Terminalia . Paratype male ( ANIC _29:004883): epandrium ( Fig. 4A ), 3x wider than long when measured along mid-line; lateral margins of the posterior half project ventrally; posterior margin with elongate black setae of variable strength; sub-epandrial plate with a pair of distinctive longitudinal folds or ridges medially on each half. Gonocoxite ( Fig. 4B ), onion-shaped when viewed ventrally, connected by a darkly sclerotised hypandrium and longitudinally by a thin membrane; posterior with black, elongate setae, strongest on the posterolateral surface, weakening medially; apical gonocoxal apodeme darkly sclerotised, extending beyond the anterior margin. Inner gonocoxal process robust, incurved with several strong, inward and ventrally directed, darkly sclerotised setae on the apical and sub-apical inner margin. Gonostylus slightly tapered and curved dorsolateral, apical margin rounded and reflexed dorsally; clumps of weak setae on the basal dorsal surface directed inwardly and on the sub-apical dorsal surface, laterodorsally directed. Ventral lobe short, triangular. Aedeagus ( Fig. 4C, D ), distiphallus tapered and curved ventrally; dorsal apodeme of parameral sheath broadly triangular, lateral edges reflexed dorsally; ventral apodeme anteriorly broad and flat with the apical margin bilobed; lateral ejaculatory apodeme broad, band-like; ejaculatory apodeme with lateral subapical margin.

Variation. Palpus apical three-quarters yellow-grey. Body length in male: 10–11 mm; female: 10.5–13 mm. Wing length in male: 8.5–9 mm; female: 8.5–10 mm. Occiput with 38–45 macrosetae on each side. Frons width in male: 2.8–4.2 x anterior ocellus width; female 4.2–5.1 x anterior ocellus width; frontal pile of the female is restricted to the upper frons. Femoral setae: fore femur with 3–5 pd, 2–5 p v weak, 1–3 av macrosetae; middle femur with 1 pd, 2–4 pv, 1–3 av macrosetae; hind femur 0–2 pv, 2–5 av macrosetae. Dorsal surface of the fore femur darkened, ventral surface yellow-brown with varied mottling of dark grey; middle and hind femora yellow-brown; apical dorsal surfaces of all femora covered with adpressed black hair-like pile. The lateral orange-brown markings on tergites 5–7 of the female are more extensive than those on the male. Paratype female ( ANIC _29:004884): Sternite 8 ( Fig. 4F ), longer than wide; anterior edge slightly indented; lateral edges of the anterior half divergent and darkly sclerotised; lateral margins of the posterior half convergent. Anterior half bulging with a broad, thinly sclerotised mid-line; posterior half medially depressed and thinly sclerotised, surrounded by numerous black setae of variable length. Furca ( Fig. 4E ), posterior frame ‘U’-shaped; mid-frame narrowing medially with pair of long anteriorly-directed internal struts; anterior beam curved anteriorly and with anterolateral elongated projections; anteroventral lobe lateral extensions are not connected medially forming two triangular shaped sclerites that resemble a ‘bow-tie’.

Etymology. The specific epithet ‘ aurantilateralis ’ refers to the orange-brown colour on the lateral margins of the tergites.

Comments. Known from thirteen specimens collected from December to February. Anabarhynchus aurantilateralis sp. nov. keys to couplet 101 in Lyneborg (2001), and is readily separated from A. flavus Mann , by having conspicuous orange-brown tergite lateral margins, and the frontal pile is long as the antennal scape and sparsely distributed on middle and lower frons. In contrast, A. flavus has grey lateral tergite margins, and the frontal pile only half the scape length, and an even distribution of frontal pile on middle and lower frons. Anabarhynchus aurantilateralis is placed into the plumbeus species-group proposed by Lyneborg (2001) due to having a short epandrium 3x as wide as long along its midline, and the furca with an extended anterolateral projection.

This species appears to be widespread on KI having been taken at each end of the island as well as centrally located sites. Furthermore, A. aurantilateralis specimens are associated with a range of vegetation associations and soil types, ranging from sandy, mallee- or shrub-dominated coastal sites over limestone, to mallee and taller forests on limestone and ironstone (e.g. sugar gum and stringy bark forests), and also including the riverine environment of the Cygnet River valley. Little is known of the biology of A. aurantilateralis and larvae have not been collected. All specimens collected thus far have been caught in summer months. Mating pairs on vegetation were captured in January and February.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Anabarhynchus aurantilateralis sp. nov. Holotype male (SAMA_29:004656), lateral view. Scale line=1.0 mm. [C. Lemann].

FIGURE 3. Anabarhynchus aurantilateralis sp. nov. Holotype male (SAMA_29:004656), frontal view. Scale line=0.5 mm. [C. Lemann].

FIGURE 4. Anabarhynchus aurantilateralis sp. nov., Paratype male (ANIC_29:040883). Terminalia: A, epandrium; (left) dorsal view, (right) ventral view. B, (left) gonocoxite dorsal view, (right) ventral view. C, aedeagus dorsal view. D, aedeagus lateral view. Paratype female (RGC_9916), E, furca. F, sternite 8 ventral view. Scale line=0.25 mm. [D. Ferguson].