Endecous apterus, Souza-Dias, Pedro G. B., Bolfarini, Márcio P., Nihei, Silvio S. & De Mello, Francisco A. G., 2014

Souza-Dias, Pedro G. B., Bolfarini, Márcio P., Nihei, Silvio S. & De Mello, Francisco A. G., 2014, Endecous apterus: A new species of cave cricket from northeast Brazil, with comments on the use of subterranean habitats by Luzarinae crickets (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae: Luzarinae), Zootaxa 3784 (2), pp. 120-130 : 122-126

Endecous apterus n. sp. Bolfarini & Souza-Dias, 2013

Figures 1 (E–G), 2 (A–L), 3 (A–D), Table 1

Type material: Holotype: 1 male, Brazil, Bahia State, Ituaçu, Cave “ Cavidade 3”. 13º49’29”S; 41º20’45”W. Bolfarini, M.P. & Souza-Dias, P.G.B.S. leg. Allotype: 1 female, same data as the holotype. Paratypes: 6 males, 5 females, same data as the holotype.

Specimens examined: 3 adult males, 4 adult females, 8 juveniles, same data as the type material.

Etimology: specific epithet related to the apterous condition of adult males.

Diagnosis. The most remarkable feature of Endecous apterus n. sp. is the loss of wings in male adults. This is the only Endecous species with apterous male adults known to this moment.

Description. Male holotype: general coloration varying from pale yellow to light yellowish brown, almost uniform, without dark maculae or spots ( Figs. 1 E, 2A). Measurements shown in Table 1. Head: Gena and frons whitish ( Figs. 2 A, B); clypeus and labrum pale brown, with same size ( Fig. 2 D). Vertex and occiput yellowish ( Figs. 2 B, C). Two whitish spots above scape, in the ocelli area ( Fig. 2 D). Antennal scape yellowish; inter-antennal space shorter than scape ( Fig. 2 D); pedicel whitish. Distal margin of mandible dark brown. Maxillary palpi whitish, slender, elongate, the fifth joint arcuate, whitish to yellowish, its distal half white ( Fig. 2 E). Large intra-ocular distance ( Fig. 2 C, D). Eyes small, with inferior border acuminated and a depigmented area on supero-inner margin as in figures 2B–D. Ocelli absent. Thorax: Pronotum, in dorsal view, with its disk wider than long, slightly inflated, yellowish, darkening towards cephalic and caudal margins ( Fig. 2 C). Cephalic margin almost straight; caudal margin slightly convex; presence of long bristles on cephalic margin ( Fig. 2 C). Lateral lobes same color as pronotum ( Fig. 2 B); ventro-cephalic and caudal angles broadly rounded. Apterous. Absence of glandular structures on metanotum. Legs I and II pale yellow; tibia I with one pair of ventral apical spurs (on inner and outer face); tibia II with four spurs, two internals (ventral and dorsal) and two externals, the dorsal one is the smaller. Auditory tympana absent. Legs III pubescent, general coloration pale yellow; tibia III pale yellow, serrulated; subapical spurs: three subapical spurs on inner face and four on outer, the distal one the smaller; apical spurs: the median the longest on inner face and the upper the longest on outer face ( Fig. 2 L). Abdomen: Abdominal tergites yellowish. Sternites pale yellow. Supra anal plate simple, lateral margins slightly constricted, with translucid aspect, and the distal margin rounded, as in figure 2G. Subgenital plate small, translucid, elongated, the posterior border rounded as in figure 2H. Cerci pale brown with distal portion whitish.

Female: slightly larger and darker than male. Apterous. Supra anal plate short as in figure 2F. Subgenital plate dark brown, small, bilobate, as in figure 2I. Ovipositor dark yellow in basis and dark brown towards the apex, as in figures 2J, K.

Phallic complex: Male phallic complex as in figure 3. Pseudepiphalic sclerite simple, the distal portion of pseudepiphallic arm dorsally curved; ectophallic apodeme short, above the median part of the pseudepiphallic sclerite; endophallic sclerite and endophallic crest well developed.

BL HW IOD PL Males (n=6)

Range 9,89–14,45 2,45–2,93 1,19–1,80 1,75–2,16 Mean 12.65 2.70 1.41 1.94

PW HFL HTL OL Range 3,18–3,62 7,17–9,10 8,15–10,30 // Mean 3.45 8.35 8.95 //

BL HW IOD PL Females (n=5)

Range 13,32–17,21 2,84–3,62 1,44–1,70 2,04–2,59 Mean 15.23 3.18 1.56 2.42

PW HFL HTL OL

Range 3,65–4,51 9,02–10,86 9,30–11,03 6,50–11,22 Mean 4.12 9.93 10.02 8.14

Figures

FIGURE 1. Habitat and habits of Endecous apterus n. sp. A—surroundings of the cave “ Cavidade 3 ” in dry season; B—the same, in wet season; C—entrance of the cave “ Cavidade 3 ”; D—individuals feeding; E—Male adult; F—Individuals copulating; G—individuals adults and nymphs; H—individual of E. apterus preyed by a scorpion.

FIGURE 2. Endecous apterus sp. n., general morphology. A—male habitus, lateral; B—Lateral view of male head and pronotum; C—Male head and pronotum in dorsal view; D—Male head in frontal view; E—Maxillary palpi; F—Supra analplate (female); G—Supra-anal plate (male); H—subgenital plate (male); I—subgenital plate (female); J—ovipositor in dorsal view; K—ovipositor, ventral view; L—male hind tibia. Scale bar: 1 mm