Haplodrassus signifer (C.L. Koch, 1839)

Kovblyuk, Mykola M., Kastrygina, Zoya A. & Omelko, Mikhail M., 2012, A review of the spider genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in Crimea (Ukraine) and adjacent areas (Araneae, Gnaphosidae), ZooKeys 205, pp. 59-89 : 68-70

Haplodrassus signifer (C.L. Koch, 1839) Figs 71 –7477– 78

Haplodrassus signifer : Tullgren 1946: 98, f. 30A, pl. 16, f. 197-200 (♂♀).

Haplodrassus signifer : Miller and Buchar 1977: 168, pl. II, f. 7-10 (♂♀).

Haplodrassus signifer : Thaler 1984: 189, f. 9 d–f, i (♂).

Haplodrassus signifer : Grimm 1985: 146, f. 146-148, 170-171 (♂♀).

Haplodrassus signifer : Roberts 1985: 66, f. 23g (♂♀).

Haplodrassus signifer : Marusik et al. 1996: 26, f. 66-68, 70 (♂♀).

Haplodrassus signifer : Roberts 1998: 109, f. (♂♀).

Haplodrassus signifer : Levy 2004: 19, f. 46-52 (mf).

Haplodrassus signifer : Songet al. 2004: 139, f. 82 A–I (♂♀).

Haplodrassus signifer : Almquist 2006: 411, f. 354 a–i (♂♀). For a complete list of references see Platnick (2012).

Records from Crimea.

Thorell (1875) - sub Drassus troglodytes C.L. Koch; Spassky (1927) - sub Drassodes ; Charitonov (1932) - sub Drassodes ; Ovtsharenko (1982); Mikhailov (1997); Kovblyuk (2001, 2004, 2006); Kovblyuk and Kukushkin (2007); Kovblyuk et al. (2008).

Material.

UKRAINE, CRIMEA:Feodosiya Distr.:5 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (TNU), Karadag Nature Reserve, 27.04.2004.-23.05.2008, M.M. Kovblyuk, O.V. Kukushkin. Saky Distr.: 121 ♂♂, 27 ♀♀ (TNU), near Pribrezhnaya railway station, 16.04.-24.06.2000, M.M. Kovblyuk. Simferopol Distr.: 2 ♂♂ (EMZ), near Simferopol water reservoir, 2.05.1997, M.M. Kovblyuk & G.V. Reutov; 1 ♀ (EMZ), near Strogonovka Vill., 16.05.1997, M.M. Kovblyuk & S. Dyadyushkin; 46 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (EMZ), near Kirpichnoe Vill., 14.05.-12.06.1997, M.M. Kovblyuk; 1 ♀ (TNU), near Fersmanovo Vill., Kesslers’ forest, 350-400 m, 6-23.06.2000, M.M. Kovblyuk; 1 ♂ (TNU), Bayrakly Mt. (519 m), ~ 400 m, 26.05.-6.06.2000, M.M. Kovblyuk; 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (TNU), near Lozovoe Vill., ~ 250 m, 1.05.-6.06.2000, M.M. Kovblyuk; 8 ♂♂ (TNU), near Simferopol water reservoir, 1.05.-23.06.2000, M.M. Kovblyuk; 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (TNU), Simferopol, Bitak Mt., 3.05.-6.06.2000, M.M. Kovblyuk; 4 ♂♂ (TNU), Chatyr-Dag Mt., 20-17.07.2000, M.M. Kovblyuk; 267 ♂♂, 51 ♀♀ (TNU), near Skvortsovo Vill., 12.03.-30.06.2002, M.M. Kovblyuk; 1 ♀ (TNU), Lozovoe Vill., 18.05.2006, M.M. Kovblyuk. Sudak Distr.: 9 ♂♂ (TNU), 10 km W from Sudak Town, Mezhdurechie Vill., 6.05.-22.05.2010, M.K. Yusufova. Yalta Distr.: 5 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀ (TNU), 1 km N Nikita Vill., 22.04.-30.05.2000, M.M. Kovblyuk; 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀ (YMC), Nikitskaya Yaila Mt. range, (=Skrinita), ~ 1200 m, 2.06.-3.07.2001, M.M. Kovblyuk; 2 ♂♂ (TNU), Yalta Mountain-Forest Natural Reserve, near Upper Nikita Lake, 28.04-12.05.2002, A.A. Khaustov; 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (TNU), near Nikita Vill., 13-26.05.2002, A.A. Khaustov.

Additional material.

SLOVAKIA. 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (TNU), Nova’ky, 11.05.1990, S. Pekar. UKRAINE. Chernovtsy Area:1 ♀ (TNU), Tsetsino Town, 8-19.05.2009, V.V. Garashchuk, T.O. Auzyak. Donetsk Area: 1 ♀ (TNU), Slavyansky Distr., Svyatogorsk Town, N49°02', E37°39', 07.2004, N.Yu. Polchaninova. Kherson Area: 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀ (TNU), Henichesk Distr., Arabatskaya strelka, 4 km S Henichesk Town, 23-30.05.2011, N.A. Stasyuk. RUSSIA. Leningrad Area: 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (TNU), Nizhnesvirskyi Reserve, 21.07.1994, T.I. Oliger. Kursk Area: 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (TNU), Medvensky Distr., "Kazatskaya Steppe" Department of the Tsentral’no-Chernozemny Nature Reserve, 51°30'N, 36°17'E, 20.05.-30.06.2004, N.Yu. Polchaninova. Rostov Area: 8 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (TNU from CP), Orlovsky Distr., Rostovsky Narure Reserve, Starikovskyi region, 15.06.2003 & 7.05.2004, Z.G. Prishutova. ABKHAZIA. Gagra Distr.: 3 ♀♀ (TNU), Gagra Distr., Gagra Range, Mamdzyshkha Mt. (1866 m), from border of forest (43°18'N, 40°19'E, 1705 m) to the peak, wood ( Abies , Fagus , Acer ) and alpine meadows, 7-15.07.2009, M.M. Kovblyuk.

Diagnosis.

The species can be easily recognized by the shape of the terminal apophysis, which has a peculiar long ridge, and also by the shape of the epigyne. Haplodrassus signifer is very similar to Haplodrassus pseudosignifer (see the diagnosisfor Haplodrassus pseudosignifer ).

Distribution.

Circum-Holarctic polyzonal range ( Marusik et al. 2000; Platnick 2012).

Habitats.

Steppes, meadows, shrubby communities, forests.

Phenology.

♂♀ - IV-VII, ♂♂ - III. In Crimea the peak activity in adults’ occurs in May. In Central Europe ♂♀ - IV-XII ( Nentwig et al. 2011).

Comments.

Haplodrassus signifer is the largest and most abundant Haplodrassus species in Crimea.