Aresconini, Viggiani, 1988

Huber, John T., 2017, Eustochomorpha Girault, Neotriadomerus gen. n., and Proarescon gen. n. (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae), early extant lineages in evolution of the family, Journal of Hymenoptera Research 57, pp. 1-87 : 40-41

Tribe Aresconini

Notes.

Viggiani (1988) proposed Aresconini for Arescon Walker and defined the tribe on the characteristic male genitalia, i.e., encapsulated, with relatively long, narrow parameres but apparently no digiti. Based on mainly extant genera and species, Aresconini is defined by the following features: mandible with 4 teeth; pronotum entire; venation long but postmarginal vein usually short; funicle in females 4-, 5- or 8-segmented; clava entire or 2-segmented; male genitalia usually with long parallel-sided parameres. I classify members of the extant genera Kikiki Huber and Beardsley ( Huber and Beardsley 2000), Tinkerbella Huber & Noyes (Huber & Noyes 2013), Proarescon (this paper), and the extinct genus Myanmymar ( Poinar and Huber 2011) in the tribe based on similarities in head features, fore wing shape or venation, and male genitalia where known.

Arescon is almost worldwide ( Triapitsyn 2016) whereas Proarescon is only in southeastern Asia. Lin et al. (2007) and Huber (2009) had first classified Kikiki in the Alaptus group of genera then, with Tinkerbella described as a separate genus ( Huber and Noyes 2013), in the Anagrus group of genera. In both cases, similarities in various features were used to justify their placement. Now, however, I believe these two genera are best classified in Aresconini . The male genitalia of Kikiki have fairly long and thick parameres ( Huber and Noyes 2013, fig. 35), the vertex has a distinct stemmaticum ( Huber and Noyes 2013, figs 12, 41), the fore wing has a long venation, and the mandible has 4 teeth, all features that occur also in Arescon and Proarescon . Kikiki may be almost worldwide (Australia, India, northern South America, Hawaiian Islands) and Tinkerbella is so far known only from Costa Rica ( Huber and Noyes 2013). Enneagmus may fit in Aresconini better than in Triadomerini because of its apparently short venation, and 4-segmented funicle and 3-segmented tarsi as in Kikiki . The 3-segmented clava may simply be an ancestral feature, reduced to two segments in Kikiki and Tinkerbella . However, the short venation, apparently much less than half the wing length is unlike the other genera in Aresconini . Thus, six genera are here classified in Aresconini : Arescon , Enneagmus , Kikiki , Myanmymar , Proarescon , and Tinkerbella . If Minutoma Kaddumi ( Kaddumi 2005) is indeed a mymarid, it may also belong here; its small body length is comparable to that of Tinkerbella .

Key to extant genera of Aresconini and Triadomerini . Females.

See Poinar and Huber (2011) for key to the extinct Cretaceous genera.

1	Clava 2 or 3-segmented; propodeum with 2 or 3 setae	2
-	Clava 1-segmented (i.e., entire); propodeum with 1 seta	5
2(1)	Clava 2-segmented	3
-	Clava 3-segmented [ovipositor extending anteriorly well under mesosoma but not exserted posteriorly much beyond gastral apex (Figs 105 , 126 )]	Neotriadomerus Huber, gen. n.
3(2)	Ovipositor extending posteriorly well beyond posterior apex of gaster (Figs 2 , 4 ); tarsi 5-segmented; funicle 8-segmented	Eustochomorpha haeckeli Girault
-	Ovipositor not or barely exserted beyond posterior apex of gaster; tarsi 3- or 4-segmented; funicle 4- or 5-segmented	4
4(3)	Tarsi 4-segmented; funicle 5-segmented	Tinkerbella Huber & Noyes
-	Tarsi 3-segmented; funicle 4-segmented	Kikiki Huber & Beardsley
5(1)	Funicle 5-segmented	Arescon Walker
-	Funicle 8-segmented	6
6(5)	Fl1-fl5 each much shorter than fl6-fl8 (Fig. 166 )	Proarescon Huber, gen. n.
-	Fl1-fl5 as long as fl6-fl8 ( Huber 2002, figs 2, 4)	Borneomymar Huber

Figures

Figures 104 - 107. Neotriadomerus gloriosus, holotype. 104 mesosoma, dorsal 105 metasoma, lateral 106 metasoma, median plane 107 type slide. Scale bar = 200 μm.

Figures 126, 127. Neotriadomerus longissimus, paratype, lateral (Brisbane Forest Park). 126 habitus, lateral 127 anterior body, enlarged. Scale bar for 126 = 2000 μm; 127 = 1000 μm.

Figures 1 - 3. Eustochomorpha haeckeli, holotype female. 1 type slide, specimen under middle cover slip 2 body + legs 3 antenna. Scale bar = 100 μm.

Figures 4 - 7. Eustochomorpha haeckeli, female. 4 habitus (Australia, WA, Stirling Range National Park) 5 head, anterior; 6 a head, posterior 6 b tentorium 7 antenna. Scale bar for 4 = 500 μm; 5 - 7 = 100 μm.

Figures 165 - 167. Proarescon similis, holotype. 165 head, dorsal 166 a antenna without scape, lateral 166 b antenna, dorsal 167 type slide. Scale bar = 100 μm.