Pseudophacopteron stigmatum, Malenovský & Burckhardt, 2009

Malenovský, Igor & Burckhardt, Daniel, 2009, A review of the Afrotropical jumping plant-lice of the Phacopteronidae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea), Zootaxa 2086 (1), pp. 1-74 : 35-36

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.2086.1.1
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EC223817-FFAC-FFD1-FF22-FE5DFE7DFBB7
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Pseudophacopteron stigmatum
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Pseudophacopteron stigmatum View in CoL sp. nov.

( Figs. 49–50 View FIGURES 49–58 , 79 View FIGURES 77–82 , 139–141, 207–208, 235, 260)

Pseudophacopteron sp. , Brunck 1965: 19 (economic importance, control).

Pseudophacopteron pretoriensis, Capener 1973: 47 View in CoL (in part; Figs. 54–56 View FIGURES 49–58 ).

Description. Adult. Colour. Head with vertex ochreous to orange brown laterally, median ridge, genae, frons and clypeus dirty yellow. Pronotum orange brown, midline and lateral tubercles yellow. Mesopraescutum orange brown, midline and posterior margin yellow. Mesoscutum orange brown with yellow midline. Mesoscutellum, metascutum and metapostnotum yellow. Lateral sclerites of thorax orange brown. Antenna off-white, segments 1–2 brown basally, segments 3–8 narrowly dark brown apically, segments 9–10 entirely dark brown to black. Legs dirty yellow, femora subapically with dark brown markings, fore and mid tibiae brown basally. Fore wing membrane clear, transparent, with hardly distinct light brown infuscation along veins Cu 1b and apical half of Cu 1a ( Figs. 49–50 View FIGURES 49–58 ). Fore wing veins ochreous, vein C+Sc, apices of veins R 1, Rs, Cu 1a and Cu 1b, touching point of Rs and M 1+2, forks of M+Cu 1, M and Cu 1, a spot medially on R+M+Cu 1, and two spots on anal vein all darker brown. Hind wing membrane clear, transparent, C+Sc brown. Abdominal tergites and sternites orange brown. Male terminalia dirty yellow. Female terminalia orange brown, apical extension of proctiger dark brown.

Morphology. Head similar to P. zimmermanni . Antenna relatively slender, segments cylindrical, weakly widening to apex; terminal setae subequal, as long as or slightly longer than segments 9 and 10 together ( Fig. 235 View FIGURES 230–246 ). Fore wing pyriform, apex broadly rounded; surface spinules present in all cells except c+sc ( Fig. 79 View FIGURES 77–82 ); in females, fore wing membrane leathery in cell r 1 close to wing anterior margin distal of vein R 1 forming indistinct pterostigma ( Figs. 50 View FIGURES 49–58 , 79 View FIGURES 77–82 ). Mesotibia with subapical comb on outer margin consisting of five densely arranged stout setae. Metatibia with eight apical spurs and 2–3 similar spurs laterally; metabasitarsus slightly longer than broad. Male proctiger, in lateral view, relatively long and narrow (Fig. 139). Paramere, in lateral view, robust, straight, nearly parallel-sided, truncate or broadly rounded on apex, with a sclerotised apical tooth situated posteriorly (Fig. 140). Apical dilation of distal segment of aedeagus hooked and broadly rounded at apex (Fig. 141). Female proctiger and subgenital plate with relatively short apical extensions; dorsal margin of proctiger, in lateral view, strongly concave; circumanal pore ring with two rows of pores, pores of outer row spaced; subgenital plate, in lateral view, with ventral margin concave, apex subacute (Fig. 207); in ventral view, with two truncate lobes separated by deep U-shaped incision (Fig. 208). Ventral valvula laterally with a few (2–3) distinct fine teeth near apex (Fig. 207). Measurements and ratios in Tabs. 2–4.

Fifth instar larva ( Fig. 260 View FIGURES 259–262 ). Body robust. Whole body margin with lanceolate setae which are more or less narrowly truncate or pointed at apex and distributed in following numbers (one side only): head in front of eyes: 9–11, cephalothorax behind eyes: 7–9, fore wing pad: 28–30, hind wing pad: 5–8, abdomen: 32–40. A lanceolate seta present in ocular region. Antenna straight, directed obliquely forwards, short, with 4–7 distinct segments or subdivisions and two rhinaria. Tarsal arolium slightly smaller than claws. Abdomen dorsally with five free sclerites and fused caudal plate; caudal plate margin broadly rounded. Anus in ventral position. Circumanal ring wide, with fore and hind margin close together, outer ring composed of a single row of pores, hardly sinuate. Measurements and ratios in Tab. 5.

Host plant. Aucoumea klaineana (Burseraceae) .

Biology. Details unknown. Brunck (1965) refers to a Pseudophacopteron sp. as a pest of nurseries of Aucoumea klaineana in Ivory Coast, Cameroon and Gabon and of young plantations of the same tree in Cameroon. This species probably corresponds to the material described here as P. stigmatum .

Distribution. Cameroon ( Brunck 1965, material not examined), Ivory Coast, Gabon, Ghana, Republic of the Congo, South Africa.

Material examined. Holotype, ♂, IVORY COAST: Banco , March 1963, Aucoumea klaineana (F. Brunck) [ BMNH, dry-mounted] . Paratypes: IVORY COAST: 5 ♂, 2 ♀, 9 larvae, same data as holotype . GABON: 2 ♂, 2 ♀, Cap Esterias , 4 April 1956, on Aucoumea klaineana (Centre Technique Forestier Tropical) ; 18 larvae, Libreville , November 1950, on okoumé (Joly) . GHANA: 4 ♂, 1 ♀ (on single pin), G. Tafo, December 1942, on Mannoa (= Aucoumea ) klaineana (H. E. Box) . REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO ( Brazzaville ): 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Mayombe Forest, Boku-N’situ, 18 April 1956 (Centre Technique Forestier Tropical) . SOUTH AFRICA: 2 ♂, 1 ♀, 2 larvae (paratypes of Pseudophacopteron pretoriense Capener ), Pretoria, Groenkloof Park , 13 October 1965 ( A. L. Capener). Dry- and slide-mounted [ BMNH, MNHN, NCIP, NHMB] .

Etymology. Derived from the Greek noun στíΎµα = stain, spot, referring to the thickened membrane near the fore wing costal margin in females, which resembles pterostigma present in some other groups.

Comments. P. stigmatum was partly confused with P. pretoriense by Capener (1973) (see comments under P. pretoriense ). It differs from P. pretoriense in the smaller size, the relatively shorter terminal antennal setae, the absence of a well-delimited dark brown infuscation along vein Cu 1b, and the presence of an indistinct pterostigma on fore wing in females. The male and female terminalia also differ, as does the size, body form, and antennal shape and segmentation of fifth instar larvae. The male paramere and the female subgenital plate are of highly characteristic shape and differentiate P. stigmatum from other Afrotropical Pseudophacopteron species.