Anthemis ruthenica Bieb. 1808

Lazkov, Georgy & Sennikov, Alexander, 2014, New records in vascular plants alien to Kyrgyzstan, Biodiversity Data Journal 2, pp. 1018-1018 : 1018

Anthemis ruthenica Bieb. 1808

Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 1 ; recordedBy: M.Pimenov, E.Kluykov, G.Lazkov; Taxon: family: Asteraceae; genus: Anthemis; specificEpithet: ruthenica; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Bieb.; Location: continent: Asia; country: Kyrgyzstan; stateProvince: Chüy Region; locality: Northern side of Kyrgyz Ala-Too, near Belogorka [Tosh-Bulak] Village ; decimalLatitude: 42.6733; decimalLongitude: 74.2415; Identification: identifiedBy: G.A.Lazkov; dateIdentified: 01/01/1998; Event: eventDate: 06/07/1996; year: 1996; month: 6; day: 7; fieldNumber: 29; eventRemarks: alien plant; Record Level: collectionID: 88420; institutionCode: FRU; basisOfRecord: specimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 2 ; recordedBy: M.Pimenov, E.Kluykov, G.Lazkov; Taxon: family: Asteraceae; genus: Anthemis; specificEpithet: ruthenica; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Bieb.; Location: continent: Asia; country: Kyrgyzstan; stateProvince: Chüy Region; locality: Northern side of Kyrgyz Ala-Too, near Belogorka [Tosh-Bulak] Village ; decimalLatitude: 42.6733; decimalLongitude: 74.2415; Identification: identifiedBy: G.A.Lazkov; dateIdentified: 01/01/1998; Event: eventDate: 06/07/1996; year: 1996; month: 6; day: 7; fieldNumber: 29; eventRemarks: alien plant; Record Level: collectionID: 90565; institutionCode: LE; basisOfRecord: specimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 3 ; recordedBy: anonym; Taxon: family: Asteraceae; genus: Anthemis; specificEpithet: ruthenica; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Bieb.; Location: continent: Asia; country: Kyrgyzstan; stateProvince: Chüy Region; locality: Northern side of Kyrgyz Ala-Too, near Cholok Village ; decimalLatitude: 42.7493; decimalLongitude: 73.5036; Identification: identifiedBy: G.A.Lazkov; dateIdentified: 01/01/1998; Event: eventDate: 07/21/1965; year: 1965; month: 7; day: 21; fieldNumber: 1281; eventRemarks: alien plant; Record Level: collectionID: 88420; institutionCode: FRU; basisOfRecord: specimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 4 ; recordedBy: Sudnitsyna; Taxon: family: Asteraceae; genus: Anthemis; specificEpithet: ruthenica; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Bieb.; Location: continent: Asia; country: Kazakhstan; stateProvince: Taraz Region; locality: Vicinity of Jambyl [Taraz] Town, foothills ; decimalLatitude: 42.8744; decimalLongitude: 71.4376; Identification: identifiedBy: G.A.Lazkov; dateIdentified: 01/01/1998; Event: eventDate: 05/14/1970; year: 1970; month: 5; day: 14; habitat: clayey slopes, semidesert; eventRemarks: alien plant; Record Level: collectionID: 88420; institutionCode: FRU; basisOfRecord: specimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 5 ; recordedBy: R.Sultanova; Taxon: family: Asteraceae; genus: Anthemis; specificEpithet: ruthenica; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Bieb.; Location: continent: Asia; country: Kyrgyzstan; stateProvince: Talas Region; locality: Pokrovka Village ; decimalLatitude: 42.7297; decimalLongitude: 71.607; Identification: identifiedBy: G.A.Lazkov; dateIdentified: 01/01/1998; Event: eventDate: 06/02/1968; year: 1968; month: 6; day: 2; habitat: roadside; eventRemarks: alien plant; Record Level: collectionID: 88420; institutionCode: FRU; basisOfRecord: specimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 6 ; recordedBy: G.Lazkov; Taxon: family: Asteraceae; genus: Anthemis; specificEpithet: ruthenica; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Bieb.; Location: continent: Asia; country: Kyrgyzstan; stateProvince: Chüy Region; locality: Ala-Archa River, Kashka-Suu Village ; decimalLatitude: 42.6739; decimalLongitude: 74.5275; Identification: identifiedBy: G.A.Lazkov; dateIdentified: 01/01/1998; Event: eventDate: 05/01/1998; year: 1998; month: 5; eventRemarks: alien plant; Record Level: collectionID: 88420; institutionCode: FRU; basisOfRecord: specimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 7 ; recordedBy: S.Sheremetova & G.Lazkov; Taxon: family: Asteraceae; genus: Anthemis; specificEpithet: ruthenica; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Bieb.; Location: continent: Asia; country: Kyrgyzstan; stateProvince: Chüy Region; locality: right side of Aspara River, 4 km upstream Granitogorsk Town ; decimalLatitude: 42.7055; decimalLongitude: 73.458; Identification: identifiedBy: G.A.Lazkov; dateIdentified: 01/01/1998; Event: eventDate: 05/18/1990; year: 1990; month: 5; day: 18; habitat: gravelly slope along the road; eventRemarks: alien plant; Record Level: collectionID: 88420; institutionCode: FRU; basisOfRecord: specimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 8 ; recordedBy: E.S.Poliakova; Taxon: family: Asteraceae; genus: Anthemis; specificEpithet: ruthenica; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Bieb.; Location: continent: Asia; country: Kyrgyzstan; stateProvince: Chüy Region; locality: Kara-Balta River, Taldy-Bulak ; decimalLatitude: 42.6529; decimalLongitude: 73.9064; Identification: identifiedBy: G.A.Lazkov; dateIdentified: 01/01/1998; Event: eventDate: 06/17/1978; year: 1978; month: 6; day: 17; habitat: by the road; eventRemarks: alien plant; Record Level: collectionID: 88420; institutionCode: FRU; basisOfRecord: specimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 9 ; recordedBy: G.Lazkov; Taxon: family: Asteraceae; genus: Anthemis; specificEpithet: ruthenica; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Bieb.; Location: continent: Asia; country: Kyrgyzstan; stateProvince: Chüy Region; locality: Kant Town ; decimalLatitude: 42.8694; decimalLongitude: 74.8419; Identification: identifiedBy: G.A.Lazkov; dateIdentified: 01/01/1998; Event: eventDate: 01/06/2010-01/09/2010; year: 2010; eventRemarks: alien plant; Record Level: basisOfRecord: observation

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 10 ; recordedBy: G.Lazkov; Taxon: family: Asteraceae; genus: Anthemis; specificEpithet: ruthenica; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Bieb.; Location: continent: Asia; country: Kyrgyzstan; stateProvince: Chüy Region; locality: Tokmok Town ; decimalLatitude: 42.8105; decimalLongitude: 75.2758; Identification: identifiedBy: G.A.Lazkov; dateIdentified: 01/01/1998; Event: eventDate: 01/06/2010-01/09/2010; year: 2010; eventRemarks: alien plant; Record Level: basisOfRecord: observation

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 11 ; recordedBy: G.Lazkov; Taxon: family: Asteraceae; genus: Anthemis; specificEpithet: ruthenica; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Bieb.; Location: continent: Asia; country: Kyrgyzstan; stateProvince: Chüy Region; locality: Kemin Town ; decimalLatitude: 42.7595; decimalLongitude: 75.6875; Identification: identifiedBy: G.A.Lazkov; dateIdentified: 01/01/1998; Event: eventDate: 01/06/2010-01/09/2010; year: 2010; eventRemarks: alien plant; Record Level: basisOfRecord: observation

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 12 ; recordedBy: G.Lazkov; Taxon: family: Asteraceae; genus: Anthemis; specificEpithet: ruthenica; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Bieb.; Location: continent: Asia; country: Kyrgyzstan; stateProvince: Chüy Region; locality: E of Kara-Balta Town, factory area (under construction) ; decimalLatitude: 42.798333; decimalLongitude: 73.888611; Identification: identifiedBy: G.A.Lazkov; dateIdentified: 22/06/2013; Event: eventDate: 22/06/2013; year: 2013; month: 6; day: 22; habitat: ruderal places; eventRemarks: alien plant; Record Level: collectionID: 88420; institutionCode: FRU; basisOfRecord: specimen

Native distribution and occurrence in Central Asia

Anthemis ruthenica is an annual or biennial species native to southeastern Europe and the Caucasus ( Tzvelev 1994). There are very few published records of this alien species from Central Asia. Earlier it was known from Magtymguly Village (Kopetdagh Range, Turkmenistan), western parts of Talas and Kyrgyz Ranges in Kazakhstan, and along Shakhimardan River in Uzbekistan ( Kamelin and Kovalevskaya 1993). The localities in Kazakhstan are very close to the border of Kyrgyzstan, and this proximity is confirmed by a specimen at FRU that was collected at the distance of ca 10 km (vicinity of Jambyl [Taraz] Town, foothills, clayey slopes, semidesert, 14.05.1970, I.Sudnitsyna). The locality in Uzbekistan is situated in the enclave surrounded by the territory of Kyrgyzstan. The presence of this species in Kyrgyzstan was therefore expected.

Occurrence in Kyrgyzstan

The species was first reported from Kyrgyzstan on the basis of a single recent collection from Tosh-Bulak [formerly Belogorka] village on the northern side of Kyrgyz Range ( Lazkov 1999). A further revision of collections at FRU revealed a number of earlier specimens of the species collected along the foothills of the northern side of Kyrgyz Range between the border with Kazakhstan and Kara-Balta Town. The species has been most frequently collected at the country border. Besides, a single herbarium specimen was collected in the Talas Depression, also very close to the border with Kazakhstan. These records make an extension of the previously known distribution area.

The species is also known from the eastern part of the Chüy Depression. It was observed by G.Lazkov (without voucher specimens) near Kant Town, Tokmok Town, and Kemin Town of Chüy Region.

At present, in Kyrgyzstan Anthemis ruthenica is widespread and locally abundant in the Chüy Depression and the western part of the Talas Depression (including foothills), completely covering the lowlands of northern Kyrgyzstan (Fig. 10). It typically occurs in wastelands, on roadsides and dry riversides. The occurrence of this species in Kyrgyzstan is not new but has been very poorly known; previously it was misidentified in collections of FRU as Pyrethrum transiliense (Herd.) Regel & Schmalh. The species has a clear tendency to get established in new territories and may potentially spread much further. Our latest observation comes from the vicinity of Kara-Balta Town from which the species was first recorded as late as 1978; vigorous stands were observed in the new factory area (Fig. 1). At present the species is truly abundant in disturbed lands of various kind around the town (Fig. 2).

Since most of the older records originated from the territories neighbouring with Kazakhstan, we conclude that the species was imported from that country in mid-Soviet times. The oldest record documented by a specimen collected in 1965 came indeed from Cholok-Aryk Village at the very border with Kazakhstan.

Invasion status in Kyrgyzstan

Established alien, naturalised (self-sustaining with established populations of a high number of individuals) in human-made and disturbed habitats at the regional scale. Spreading and invasive, locally replacing other species.