Eurypedus peltoides (Boheman)

Shin, Chulwoo, 2016, A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Zootaxa 4161 (3), pp. 329-344 : 333-338

Eurypedus peltoides (Boheman)

( Figs 1–2 , 6–8 , 12, 13–19, 29, 31–34, 35–36, 39)

Cassida oblonga Sturm in Thon 1827: 4 [description with color painting, not C. oblonga Illiger 1798 ].

Ischyrosonyx peltoides Boheman 1854: 323 [description]; Boheman 1856: 115 [checklist]; Boheman 1862: 283 [checklist]; Gemminger & Harold 1876: 3651 [catalogue]; Spaeth 1914: 65 [catalogue].

Ischyrosonyx oblonga (Sturm) : Boheman 1854: 322 [description with figure]; Boheman 1856: 115 [checklist]; Boheman 1862: 282 [checklist]; Gemminger & Harold 1876: 3651 [catalogue]; Dohrn 1880: 156 [description of variation]; Spaeth 1914: 65 [catalogue]; Chaboo 2007: 180 [phylogeny].

Eurypedus thoni Barber 1946: 291 [replacement name for Cassida oblonga Sturm in Thon 1827 ]; Silva et al. 1968: 421 [faunistic record with host plant]; Borowiec 1999: 171 [catalogue]; Borowiec 2002: 93 [faunistic record]; Borowiec 2009: 671 [faunistic record]; Sekerka 2004: 156 [Moravian museum collection]; Flinte et al. 2009: 587 [faunistic record]; Borowiec & Takizawa 2011: 447 [collection record]; Borowiec & Świętojańska 2014 [online catalogue]. new synonym of E. peltoides

Ischyrosonyx thoni (Barber) : Hincks 1952: 336 [key to tribes, genera list].

Eurypedus oblongus (Sturm in Thon) : Borowiec 1996: 186 [faunistic record, new combination].

Eurypedus peltoides (Boheman) : Borowiec 1999: 171 [catalogue, lectotype designation]; Borowiec & Świętojańska 2014 [online catalogue].

Type specimens. Lectotype of E. peltoides: Mhm NHRS-JLKB 0 0 0 0 20267. ( Fig. 2 , examined and measured) in NHRS.

Holotype of C. oblonga Sturm in Thon : Sturm, NHRS-JLKB 0 0 0 0 20269 ( Fig. 1 , examined and measured) in NHRS.

Type locality. Brazil ( E. peltoides ).

Brazil ( C. oblonga Sturm in Thon ).

Diagnosis. Eurypedus peltoides is easily distinguished from E. nigrosignatus by the shape of the prothorax and leg. In E. peltoides , pronotal width at the broadest point is 1.5–1.6 times the length; in E. nigrosignatus , pronotal width is 1.3–1.4 times the length. In E. peltoides , the posterior margin of the pronotal hypomeron is less emarginate than in E. nigrosignatus ( Fig. 29 ). In E. peltoides , the protibial length is equal to or greater than 3 times the width of the distal end of the protibia; in E. nigrosignatus , protibial length is less than or equal to 2.5 times the width of the distal end ( Fig. 29 ).

Description. Adult (n=106) length 7.5–13.5mm, width 4.5–7.0mm (lectotype of E. peltoides : length 11.5mm, width 6.7mm). Pronotum ( Figs 1–2 , 6, 7 ) hemispherical, with width 1.5–1.6 times length at broadest point; pronotal disc convex with medial longitudinal furrow; posteromedial region of pronotum flattened with shallow depression on each side; posterior margin of pronotal hypomeron slightly emarginate, with depth less than 0.35 times width of hypomeron at posterior margin. Elytra ( Figs 1–2 , 6 ) with length about 1.55 times width, or slightly shorter; submesal interval distinct on each elytron, marked by black coloration and depressed line of punctures; punctures on elytral disc uniform in size, forming striae, occasionally scattered; medial region of each elytral base slightly swollen; swollen region often located between two black marks when present. Tibiae ( Fig. 29 ) elongate, triangular in lateral view; length equal to or slightly greater than 3 times width of distal end. Aedeagus ( Figs 35– 36 ) curved, slightly narrower apically; phallobase with length about 0.4 times length of aedeagus; apex of medial lobe pointed, with angle less than 90˚.

Additional specimens examined. Argentina: Provincia de La Rioja, Guayapa, Patquía , 2439.47 ( MCZ: 1) ; Provincia de La Rioja, Manantiales , xi.1946, T de Apostol ( MCZ: 2) ; Provincia de Corrientes, Isla Apipé, xi.1945, Martinez, ex F Monrós collection ( USNM: 3) ; Provincia de Corrientes , Santo Tome, xi.1945, Martinez, ex F Monrós collection ( USNM: 3) ; xi.1963 MJ Viana (FSCA: 4); Provincia de Misiones, Santa Maria , xi.1958, MJ Viana ( MNRJ: 2; FSCA: 8) ; Provincia de Misiones, Eldorado , 20.x.1983, A Kovacs ( HNHM: 1) ; Provincia de Misiones, San Pedro, 1,000m, i.1956, ca. 630 , DZUP, 148967 ( DZUP: 1, head examined); Provincia de Misiones, San Pedro, i.1956, ca. 658 , DZUP, 148968 ( DZUP: 1); Provincia de Salta Güemes, K 15, 800 m, 22.i.1984, Bordon , DZUP, 148969 ( DZUP: 1); Provincia de Tucumán, Tucumán, Colalao , i.1949, ca. 114 , DZUP, 148970 ( DZUP: 1); Bolivia : Departamento de Santa Cruz, 5km ESE, Warnes, Hotel Rio Selva , 20–21.x.2000, Morris / Wappes ( BYU: 4) ; Departamento de Santa Cruz, 5km ESE Warnes, Hotel Rio Selva , 3–4.xi.2001, 17° 33’ 695 S, 63° 11’ 981 W, 375m, MC Thomas ( EGRC: 1); MM Reed, no detailed data ( FSCA: 1); Brazil: Estado de Bahia ( USNM: 1) ; Bahia, vii.1944 ( AMNH: 1); Estado de Bahia, Barra-ES, Conc. DA, 5.v.1968, CT Elias and C Elias , DZUP, 148986 ( DZUP: 1); Estado de Bahia, Cachoeira , 15.iii.1981, O Roppa ( MNRJ: 1); Estado de Bahia, Cêrro Largo , x.1945, P Buck ( MNRJ: 3) ; Estado de Espírito Santo, Linhares , 21.i.1977, J Becker ( MNRJ: 1) ; Estado de Espírito Santo, Linhares , x.1970, B Silva ( MNRJ: 1) ; Estado de Espírito Santo, Linhares , xi.1965, A Maller , DZUP, 148978, 148984 ( DZUP: 2); Estado de Espírito Santo, Linhares , 18.i.1971, Alvarenga , DZUP, 148995 ( DZUP: 3); Estado de Espírito Santo, Linhares , 11.xi.1970, Alvarenga , DZUP 148994 ( DZUP: 7); Estado de Espírito Santo, Linhares , 21.xi.1971, JM Lima , DZUP 148985 ( DZUP: 1); Estado de Espírito Santo, Pinheiro , 8.xi.1971, JM Lima , DZUP, 148982 ( DZUP: 1); Estado de Espírito Santo, Pinheiro ES, 6.xi.1971, JM Lima , DZUP 148983 ( DZUP: 2); Estado de Espírito Santo, Sooretama ES, Parque , 27.xi.1967, F Oliveira , DZUP, 148977, 148979, 148981, 148981 ( DZUP: 4); Estado de Paraná, Maria Preta, O Monte-Minas ( MNRJ: 1); Estado de Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre xii. 2008, Rames , BCM (SEMC: 3 + 1male 1female, dissected and examined); F Monrós collection, no detailed data (USNM: 1, Fig. 12D); no data (EGRC: 1; HNHM: 1; MNRJ: 1).

Distribution. Argentina: Provincia de Corrientes (new record); Provincia de Jujuy (new record); Provincia de Misiones ( Borowiec 1996); Provincia de La Rioja (new record); Provincia de Salta (Borowiec 2009); Provincia de Tucumán (new record). Bolivia: Departamento de Santa Cruz ( Borowiec & Świętojańska 2014). Brazil: Estado de Bahia (new record); Estado de Espírito Santo (new record); Estado de Minas Gerais ( Boheman 1854); Estado de Paraná (new record); Estado de Rio de Janeiro ( Flinte et al. 2009); Estado de Rio Grande do Sul (Borowiec 2009); Estado de Sao Paulo ( Boheman 1854). Paraguay: Departamento de Concepción ( Borowiec 1999).

Host plant. Boraginaceae : Cordia ecalyculata Vell. ( Silva et al. 1968; Sekerka 2004).

Remarks. Species should not be distinguished based solely on body coloration, because color is variable among individuals in species of Eurypedus (see Spaeth 1915). Even so, Boheman (1854) distinguished two species based on their elytral coloration. Numerous black spots or marks were observed on the elytra of the holotype of C. oblonga Sturm in Thon (= E. thoni , Figs 1 , 12A), while the lectotype of E. peltoides exhibited only three spots on the anterior half of each elytron ( Figs 2 , 12D). However, the specimens of E. thoni examined in the present study exhibited various elytral colorations ranging from only two spots on umbones (Fig. 12E) to multiple spots connected and forming large irregular bands and spots on the elytra (Figs 12A, 12B). Only two specimens previously identified as E. peltoides (Figs 12C–12D) were examined, including the lectotype (Fig. 12D). The coloration of the non-type specimen of E. peltoides (Fig. 12C) showed a faint black mark on the posterior region, in addition to the three black spots on the anterior half of each elytron, which was supposed not to exist in E. peltoides ( Boheman 1854) . These additional spots were observed in most specimens of E. thoni in this study, though they were more distinct. Variation observed in pronotal shape, elytral depression around the mesoscutellum, and elytral discal shape between the holotype of C. oblonga Sturm in Thon (= E. thoni , Figs 1 , 12A) and the lectotype of E. peltoides ( Figs 2 , 12D) were considered to be non-significant, because the specimens of E. thoni examined in this study showed continuous variation in these features (Figs 12A–12E). In addition, the distribution of E. peltoides is limited only to Saõ Paulo ( Brazil), which is a part of the known distribution of E. thoni . Accordingly in this study, E. thoni (= C. oblonga Sturm in Thon ) syn. nov. is here synonymized with E. peltoides , because of the continuous color variation. Although E. peltoides is the younger name, it should be used, due to homonymy associated with E. thoni .

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 5. Type specimens. 1. Holotype of Cassida oblonga Sturm in Thon (= Eurypedus thoni). 2. Lectotype of Eurypedus peltoides. 3. Lectotype of Ischyrosonyx nigrosignata (= Eurypedus nigrosignatus). 4. Lectotype of Ischyrosonyx discipennis (= Eurypedus discipennis). 5. Lectotype of Ischyrosonyx marginicollis (= Eurypedus marginicollis).

FIGURES 6 – 8. Eurypedus peltoides. 6. Dorsal view. 7. Lateral view. 8. Ventral view. 9 – 10. Eurypedus nigrosignatus. 9. Dorsal view. 10. Lateral view. 11. Ventral view. 12 A – E. Dorsal color and morphological variation of Eurypedus peltoides.

FIGURES 29 – 30. Prothorax in ventral views. 29. Eurypedus peltoides. 30. Eurypedus nigrosignatus. 31 – 34. Eurypedus nigrosignatus. 31. Mesonotum. 32. Complex of mesoventrite and metaventrite. 33. Metanotum. 34. Elytron (ventral view).

FIGURES 35 – 38. Male genitalia. 35. Aedeagus of Eurypedus peltoides (ventral view). 36. Aedeagus of Eurypedus peltoides (lateral view). 37. Aedeagus of Eurypedus nigrosignatus (ventral view). 38. Aedeagus of Eurypedus nigrosignatus (lateral view). 39 – 40. Female genitalia. 39. Spermatheca of Eurypedus peltoides. 40. Spermatheca of Eurypedus nigrosignatus.