Wallacea apicalis Gestro, 1896

Sekerka, Lukáš, 2015, Wallacea, Pistosia and Neodownesia: three distinct genera and their tribal placement (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (2), pp. 713-743 : 730-731

Wallacea apicalis Gestro, 1896

Wallacea apicalis Gestro, 1896: 329 (original description); GESTRO (1897): 42 (faunistics); DONCKIER DE DONCEEL (1899): 552 (catalogue); GESTRO (1900): 435 (correction of Donckierʼs catalogue); WEISE (1911a):54 (catalogue); WEISE (1911b): 82 (catalogue); GESTRO (1913): 45 (catalogue).

Wallaceana apicalis: UHMANN (1935) : 145 (faunistics); UHMANN (1938): 425 (faunistics); UHMANN (1939b): 40 (host plant, variability); KALSHOVEN (1951): 755 (biology); KALSHOVEN (1957): 10 (noted); UHMANN (1958): 229 (catalogue); UHMANN (1964): 461 (catalogue); UHMANN (1965): 242 (presence in Philippines doubtfull); KALSHOVEN (1981): 453 (host plants); SANTIAGO- BLAY (2004): 82 (noted).

Pistosia apicalis: KIMOTO (2000) : 142 (catalogue); MOHAMEDSAID (2004): 169 (catalogue).

Wallacea palmarum Gestro, 1913: 43 (original description); GESTRO (1917): 409 (faunistics, Philippines; misidentification = W. impicta (see UHMANN 1931c)); GESTRO (1919): 343 (host plant); WEISE (1924): 81 (faunistics, host plant); UHMANN (1928): 61 (faunistics); CORBETT (1929): 267 (host plants, pest status); DAMMERMAN (1929): 91 (host plants, pest status); CORBETT (1932): 21 (noted); MILLER (1932): 18 (noted); SPEYER (1954): 372 (noted).

Wallaceana palmarum: UHMANN (1931b) : 2 (faunistics); UHMANN (1935): 145 (synonymy); MAULIK (1937a): 150 (noted); LEPESME (1947): 563 (noted); LANGE (1950): 155 (host plants, parasites); UHMANN (1958): 229 (catalogue); UHMANN (1964): 461 (catalogue, W. palmarum = W. apicalis ); FONG (1990): 102 (noted); HOWARD & ABAD (2001): 99 (noted).

Pistosia palmarum: KIMOTO (2000) : 144 (catalogue); KIMOTO (2003): 43 (faunistics); MOHAMEDSAID (2004): 170 (catalogue); MOHAMEDSAID (2009): 99 (faunistics).

Type localities. Wallacea apicalis : ‘Si-Oban e a Sereinu (Sipora)’ [= Indonesia, Mentawai, Sipora Is., Sioban and Sereinu villages] ; W. palmarum : ‘Singapore’.

Host plants. Arecaceae : Areca triandra Roxb. ex Buch. -Ham. ( GESTRO 1913); Cocos nucifera L. ( WEISE 1924); Areca catechu L. ( CORBETT 1929, MOHAMEDSAID 2009); Areca spp. ( UHMANN 1939b); Cocos nucifera L., Metroxylon sp. ( KALSHOVEN 1957); Nipa fruticans (Wurmb) Thunb. ( DAMMERMAN 1929) ; Nipa fruticans (Wurmb) Thunb. , Areca catechu L., Eugeissona tristis Griff. , Metroxylon sagu Rottb. ( LANGE 1950) ; Phoenix roebelenii OʼBrien ( KALSHOVEN 1981) .

Distribution. Indonesia: Java ( UHMANN 1928, 1935, 1939b; KALSHOVEN 1957), Lombok ( MOHAMEDSAID 2009), Mentawai ( GESTRO 1896), Sumatra ( GESTRO 1897, WEISE 1924, KAL- SHOVEN 1957), Sumba ( MOHAMEDSAID 2009); Malaysia: Penang ( UHMANN 1938); Singapore ( GESTRO 1913); Sri Lanka ( KIMOTO 2003).

Remarks. UHMANN (1935) synonymized W. palmarum with W. apicalis but omitted the synonymy in the catalogue ( UHMANN 1958) causing later authors to treat the species name as valid, despite the fact that he subsequently corrected the mistake in the supplement to the catalogue ( UHMANN 1964).

GESTRO (1917) published W. palmarum as new to Philippines, however UHMANN (1931c) stated that the specimen actually belongs to W. impicta ; therefore Philippines are hereby removed from the distribution of W. apicalis . UHMANN (1965) considered the presence of W. apicalis in Philippines as doubtful.