Mutipialus dilatus, Mielke & Grehan & Koike, 2021

Mielke, Carlos G. C., Grehan, John R. & Koike, Ricardo M., 2021, Descriptions of two new genera and six new species of ghost-moths (Lepidoptera Hepialoidea: Hepialidae) from south-eastern and southern Brazil, Zootaxa 5020 (3), pp. 561-580 : 569

Mutipialus dilatus sp. n.

( Figs 8–12 , 16, 24 , 27–28, 30 , 34 , 38, 41, 45 , 49 , 54, 56 )

Type material. Holotype ♀ ( Figs 8a–b ): [ Brazil], 7.IX.1998, Vossoroca, Tijucas do Sul , PR. [Paraná] 850 m, C. Mielke leg./ 5.801 Col. C. Mielke / HOLOTYPUS, Mutipialus dilatus C. Mielke, Grehan & Koike, 2021 / ( DZUP) .

Paratypes (5♂, 2♀). BRAZIL. Minas Gerais : 1♂, Conceição dos Ouros , 800 m, 10.XI.1993. E. Pereira leg. ( CGCM 27.435 ( MGCL)) . Rio de Janeiro: 1♂, Itatiaia, Itatiaia Nat. Park, Maromba , Pto. Escada , 1170 m, 6.XI.2012, 22°25’45’’ S 44°37’08’’ W, Lepidoptera Lab. expedition ( MZSP) . São Paulo: 1♂, Campos do Jordão, Lavrinhas , 31.X.1990, R. Koike leg. ( CGCM 41.733 ( CGCM)) ; 1♂, Santo André, Vila Paranapiacaba, Parque Mu- nicipal Nascentes de Paranapiacaba , 1100 m, 14.XI.2020, R. Koike leg. ( DZUP) . Paraná: 1♂, Ponta Grossa, Vila Estrela , 900 m, 6.X.1989, C. Mielke leg. ( CGCM 23.689 ( CGCM)) . Santa Catarina: 1♀, São Bento do Sul, Rio Natal , 700 m, 20.X.1994, O. Rank leg. ( CGCM 18.103 ( CGCM)) ; 1♀, São Bento do Sul, Rio Vermelho , 800 m, 4.XI.1990 ( CGCM 7.584 ( CGCM)) .

Diagnosis. Readily distinguished from congeneric species, described below, by (i) the contrasting mottled forewing ornamentation ( Figs 8–12 ), (ii) ♂ triangular sternite VIII ( Fig. 45 ), (iii) greatly expanded dorso-posterior plate of tergal lobe and pseudotegumen ( Fig. 49 ), (iv) deeply concave fultura superior ( Fig. 49c ), (v) subtriangular valva and (vi) shorter corpus bursae that is only twice as long as the ductus bursae ( Fig. 56 ).

Description. Male ( Figs 11–12 , 16, 24 , 27, 30 , 41, 45 , 49 ).

Head. Antenna with ~38 antennomeres. Mesal and distal labial palpomere two and a half times longer than distal palpomere, respectively.

Thorax. Forewing length: 15–18 mm, wingspan: 28–35 mm. Wing ornamentation as shown in Figs 11–12 .

Genitalia ( Fig. 49 ). Tegumen oblique, rectangular, slightly curved, well distinguished from pseudotegumen by its stronger sclerotisation. Saccus U-shaped, posterior arms strongly sclerotised, anterior projection forming bag-like cavity. Tergal lobes and dorsal pseudotegumen fused and forming robust subtriangular wall, dorso-posteriorly projecting on each side, expanded and connected mesally by thicker membrane, antero-ventrally bifid; ridge emerges from digitiform antero-dorsal projection finely fused, posteriorly expanded as lateral shelf on each side. Fultura inferior trapezoidal. Fultura superior subtriangular and deeply concave (in ventral view). Valva subtriangular, lobated and curved distally with expanded costa.

Female ( Figs 8–10 , 28 , 34 , 38 , 54, 56 ).

Head. Antenna with 40 antennomeres. Mesal and distal palpomere five times the length of the basal palpomere.

Thorax. Forewing length: 19–22 mm, wingspan: 38–45 mm. Wing ornamentation as shown in Figs 8–10 .

Genitalia ( Figs 54, 56 ). Dorsal plates narrow, slightly projected posteriorly. Lamella antevaginalis U-shaped, narrow, mesally setose, bilobed and slightly projecting posteriorly (narrowed in Fig. 54a ). Subanal sclerites slightly sclerotised, subrectangular, oblique. Corpus bursae narrowing to junction with ductus bursae that is twice as long as the corpus bursae.

Geographical distribution. Known from southeastern Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro to northeastern Santa Catarina, at altitudes ranging from 700 to 1900 m ( Figs 58 , 60 ).

Host plants. Unknown.

Etymology. The proposed specific name dilatus (Latin) alludes to the species’ broad geographic range. It is treated as an adjective in the nominative singular.

Figures

FIGURE 58. Distribution of Agripialus gen. n. spp. and Mutipialus gen. n. spp. within southern southeastern and southern Brazil and records of Agripialus gen. n. in Argentina (see remarks at the description of the genus).

FIGURES 8−12. Mutipialus dilatus sp. n. Adults. 8, HT ♀: dorsal view (8a), ventral view (8b) (DZUP). 9, PT ♀ (CGCM 7.584): dorsal view (CGCM). 10, PT ♀ (CGCM 18.103): dorsal view (CGCM). 11, PT ♂ (CGCM 41.733): dorsal view (11a), ventral view (11b) (CGCM). 12, PT ♂ (CGCM 23.689): dorsal view (12a), ventral view (12b) (CGCM).

FIGURES 16−24. Transverse scales and legs. Figs 16–19. Transverse scales (arrowed). 16, Mutipialus dilatus sp. n. PT ♂ (CGCM 23.689). 17, M. monticolus sp. n., HT ♀. 18, Parapielus luteicornis ♂ (CGCM 28.544, Argentina, Rio Grande; CGCM). 19, Hepialiscus htayaungi ♂ (CGCM 33.586, Myanmar; CGCM). Figs 20–24. Legs. 20, Agripialus campos sp. n., PT ♀ (CGCM 31.875). 21, A. variabilis sp. n., HT ♀. 22, A. itatiaia sp. n., HT ♂. 23, A. caparao sp. n., HT ♂. 24, Mutipialus dilatus sp. n., PT ♂ (CGCM 27.435).

FIGURES 25−30. Wing venation and tergosternal sclerite. Figs 25–28. Wing venation. 25, Agripialus caparao sp. n., ♂. 26, A. itatiaia sp. n., ♀. 27–28, Mutipialus dilatus sp. n., ♂ (27), ♀ (28); arrow pointing to the connection between CuP and A veins in forewing. Figs 29–30. Tergosternal sclerite. 29, Agripialus variabilis sp. n., ♀; arrows pointing to the notch and the posterior portion. 30, Mutipialus dilatus sp. n., ♂.

FIGURES 31−35. Female abdomen (upper side, tergites; lower side, sternites). 31, Agripialus campos sp. n., PT (CGCM 31.875). 32, A. variabilis sp. n., HT. 33, A. itatiaia sp. n., PT (CGCM 25.532). 34, Mutipialus dilatus sp. n., HT (CGCM 5.801). 35, M. monticolus sp. n., HT.

FIGURES 36−46. Abdomen. Figs 36–39. Female segments VI (lower)–VIII (upper). 36, Agripialus campos sp. n., PT (CGCM 31.875); arrows pointing to the sclerotised sternites VII and VIII. 37, A. variabilis sp. n., HT. 38, Mutipialus dilatus sp. n., HT (CGCM 5.801). 39, M. monticolus sp. n., HT; arrow pointing to the membranous sternite VIII. Figs 40–42. Male abdomen (upper side, tergites; lower side, sternites). 40, Agripialus caparao sp. n., HT. 41, M. dilatus sp. n., PT (CGCM 27.435). 42, M. monticolus sp. n., PT (CGCM 29.697). Figs 43–46. Male segments VII (lower)–VIII (upper). 43, Agripialus itatiaia sp. n., HT; arrows pointing to the two plates of the sternite VII. 44, A. caparao sp. n., HT; arrows pointing to the two plates of the sternite VII. 45, Mutipialus dilatus sp. n., PT (CGCM 27.435); arrow pointing to the sternite VIII. 46, M. monticolus sp. n., PT (CGCM 29.697); arrow pointing to the sternite VIII.

FIGURES 47−50. Male genitalia. 47, Agripialus itatiaia sp. n., HT: ventral (47a), dorsal (internal; 47b); arrows pointing to the posterior sclerotisation of the tergal lobe and pseudotegumen and the notch in the posterior margin of the saccus. 48, A. caparao sp. n., HT: ventral (48a), dorsal (internal; 48b); arrow pointing to the notch in the posterior margin of the saccus. 49, Mutipialus dilatus sp. n., PT (CGCM 27.435): lateral (49a), ventral (49b), dorsal (internal; 49c); arrow pointing to the entrance of the pocket-like saccus. 50, M. monticolus sp. n., PT (CGCM 29.697): lateral (50a), ventral (50b), dorsal (internal; 50c); arrow pointing to the entrance of the pocket-like caecum.

FIGURES 51−57. Female genitalia. 51, Agripialus campos sp. n., PT: posterior view and ductus and corpus bursae; arrow pointing to W-shaped lamella antevaginalis. 52, A. variabilis sp. n., HT: posterior view and ductus and corpus bursae. 53, A. itatiaia sp. n., PT (CGCM 25.532): posterior view and ductus and corpus bursae. 54, Mutipialus dilatus sp. n., HT (CGCM 5.801): posterior (54a), lateral (54b); arrow pointing to slight mesal projection of the lamella antevaginalis. 55, M. monticolus sp. n., HT: posterior (55a), lateral (55b); arrow pointing to slight mesal projection of the lamella antevaginalis. 56, Mutipialus dilatus sp. n., HT (CGCM 5.801): ductus and corpus bursae. 57, M. monticolus sp. n., HT: ductus and corpus bursae.

FIGURES 59−62. Habitats in Brazil. 59, Caparaó National Park, 2200 m, Espera Feliz, Minas Gerais (Agripialus caparao sp. n.). 60, Lavrinhas, 1900 m, Campos do Jordão, São Paulo (A. campos sp. n., Mutipialus dilatus sp. n., and M. monticolus sp. n.). 61, Itatiaia National Park, 2400 m, Itatiaia, Rio de Janeiro (A. itatiaia sp. n.). 62, São Joaquim National Park, 1600 m, Urubici, Santa Catarina (A. variabilis sp. n.).