Cigclisula cautium Hastings, 1932

Almeida, Ana C. S., Souza, Facelucia B. C., Menegola, Carla M. S., Sanner, Joann & Vieira, Leandro M., 2014, Taxonomic review of the family Colatooeciidae Winston, 2005 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata), with description of seven new species, Zootaxa 3868 (1), pp. 1-61 : 15-17

Cigclisula cautium Hastings, 1932

( Figs 7–8 , Table 2 )

Porella areolata: Livingstone 1926: 92 (in part, erect specimens), pl. 8, figs 2–4. [Great Barrier Reef, Australia; Japan] Cigclisula cautium Hastings, 1932: 435 , text-fig. 13A–C. [Great Barrier Reef, Australia]

Material examined. Holotype: NHMUK 1932.4 .20.54 (one dry and two balsam slides), Cigclisula cautium, A.B. Hastings det., Great Barrier Reef Expedition , Station XIV, 0.5 n. mile (0.9 km) SE of Lizard Island, Queensland, Australia, 35 m. Paratype: USNM 9574 , Cigclisula cautium, A. B. Hastings det., 1932, Great Barrier Reef Expedition , Station XIV, 0.5 n. mile (0.9 km) SE of Lizard Island, Queensland, Australia, 35 m.

Description. Colony erect, bilaminar, branching. Zooids hexagonal, longer than wide, delimited by slightly raised lateral walls. Frontal shield heavily calcified, with small protuberances, uniformly punctured by 14–24 pseudopores. Primary orifice small relative to frontal shield, subelliptical, as long as wide, sunken, with archshaped anter and concave poster, separated by 2 proximolateral down-curved condyles. Secondary orifice raised, non-tubercular, subcircular. Suboral avicularium elliptical, laterally placed, distally directed. Frontal avicularia small, elliptical, 1–2 per zooid, placed at zooidal margins. Interzooidal avicularia longer than wide; rostrum spatulate with rounded proximal edge, median constriction distinct and distal edge concave; calcified palate occupying more than half of the rostrum length, with oval foramen. Ooecium subglobose, slightly prominent; ectooecium with longitudinal band of 6–7 irregular pseudopores.

Remarks. Cigclisula cautium is characterized by a frontal shield with small protuberances, interzooidal avicularia with a spatulate rostrum and oval opesia, and ectooecium with a longitudinal band of 6–7 irregular pseudopores.

Cigclisula cautium resembles C. occlusa , C. fissurata and C. fruticosa in having erect, bilaminar colonies. It differs from C. occlusa in zooid size (longer in C. cautium ), a suboral avicularium of only one size (two distinct sizes in C. occlusa ) and the number of ectooecial pseudopores (6–7 in C. cautium , 11–29 in C. occlusa ). Cigclisula fissurata differs in the distribution of frontal pseudopores (uniform in C. cautium , marginal in C. fissurata ), interzooidal and frontal avicularia (present in C. cautium , absent in C. fissurata ) and number of ectooecial pseudopores (6–7 in C. cautium , 2–5 in C. fissurata ). Cigclisula fruticosa differs in the distribution of frontal pseudopores (uniform in C. cautium , irregular in C. fruticosa ), orifice shape (subelliptical primary orifice and nontubercular secondary orifice of C. cautium ) and the number of ectooecial pseudopores, about 6 in C. fruticosa .

Distribution. Pacific: Australia (Queensland) and Japan (Tsushima Island; see Hastings 1932).

Figures

FIGURE 7. Cigclisula cautium Hastings, 1932. A–F, NHMUK 1932.4.20.54, holotype, Australia. A, zooids at growing edge of branch. B, close-up of zooid with suboral avicularium and elliptical frontal avicularia. C, group of zooids and foot-shaped interzooidal avicularium. D, spatulate interzooidal avicularium. E, ovicelled zooids and interzooidal avicularia. F, close-up of ovicelled zooids and interzooidal avicularia. Scale bars: A, C E, F = 200 µm; B, D = 100 µm.

FIGURE 8. Cigclisula cautium Hastings, 1932. A–D, USNM 9574, paratype, Australia. A, zooids at growing edge of branch. B, group of zooids and spatulate interzooidal avicularium. C, orifices and spatulate interzooidal avicularium. D, group of zooids with small, elliptical frontal avicularia. Scale bars: A, B = 500 µm; C, D = 200 µm.