Sennin shuanglong Yao & Liu, 2023

Yao, Yanbin, Liu, Mingkang, Zhao, Rui, Deng, Zijie & Liu, Keke, 2023, First record of theridiosomatid genus Sennin Suzuki, Hiramatsu & Tatsuta, 2022 from Anhui Province, China, with the description of a new species (Araneae, Theridiosomatidiae), Biodiversity Data Journal 11, pp. 107528-107528 : 107528

publication ID

https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e107528

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B555762E-462C-4597-A3A8-139BD582FA9A

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10170948

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F73E688-F2EF-40E6-B11D-222F4B56A6B5

taxon LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:act:7F73E688-F2EF-40E6-B11D-222F4B56A6B5

treatment provided by

Biodiversity Data Journal by Pensoft

scientific name

Sennin shuanglong Yao & Liu, 2023
status

sp. nov.

Sennin shuanglong Yao & Liu, 2023 sp. nov.

Materials

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: recordedBy: Liu Ke-Ke; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: FD0ADBD2-F466-5410-B79D-412D4C28B029; Taxon: scientificName: Sennin shuanglong Yao & Liu, sp. n.; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Anhui; locality: Tongling City, Yi'an District, Tianmen Town, Shuanglong Cave ; verbatimCoordinates: 30°51'18.65"N, 117°50'52.71"E; georeferenceProtocol: Baidu Map; Event: samplingProtocol: handing; eventDate: 28/06/ 2022 Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: Liu Ke-Ke; individualCount: 4; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 8DBABF2F-D78A-509E-93C0-91F9985E8D5E; Taxon: scientificName: Sennin shuanglong Yao & Liu, sp. n.; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Anhui; locality: Tongling City, Yi'an District, Tianmen Town, Shuanglong Cave ; verbatimCoordinates: 30°51'18.65"N, 117°50'52.71"E; georeferenceProtocol: Baidu Map; Event: samplingProtocol: handing; eventDate: 21/12/2022 - 03/02/ 2023 Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: Liu Ke-Ke; individualCount: 14; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: B5DD73C1-24C4-5FF5-B1D9-0B215821DA96; Taxon: scientificName: Sennin shuanglong Yao & Liu, sp. n.; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Anhui; locality: Tongling City, Yi'an District, Tianmen Town, Shuanglong Cave ; verbatimCoordinates: 30°51'18.65"N, 117°50'52.71"E; georeferenceProtocol: Baidu Map; Event: samplingProtocol: handing; eventDate: 21/12/2022 GoogleMaps - 03/02/2023 GoogleMaps GoogleMaps GoogleMaps GoogleMaps GoogleMaps GoogleMaps

Description

Male (Fig. 1 View Figure 1 A, B, Fig. 2 View Figure 2 , Fig. 4 View Figure 4 A-K and Fig. 5 View Figure 5 D). Measurements. Body 2.31 long. Carapace oval, with sparse setae on dorsal surface, 0.95 long, 1.07 wide. Eyes: with black annulations; measurements: AME 0.12, ALE 0.11, PME 0.12, PLE 0.10, AME-AME 0.05, AME-ALE 0.04, PME-PME 0.02, PME-PLE 0.08, AME-PME 0.11, AME-PLE 0.18, ALE-ALE 0.31, PLE-PLE 0.38, ALE-PLE, 0.02. Chelicerae stout, with five promarginal teeth, a single retromarginal tooth and 45 small denticles in between the teeth. Endites wider than long. Labium triangular, slightly shorter than endites. Sternum sub-triangular, as long as wide, posterior end blunt. Leg measurements: leg I: 1.23+0.47+1.00+0.64+0.64 = 3.98; leg II: 0.97+0.34+0.77+0.63+0.51 = 3.22; leg III: 0.73+0.27+0.56+0.42+0.36 = 2.34; leg IV: 0.92+0.30+0.58+0.43+0.40 = 2.63. Abdomen ovoid, covered with long and thin setae, 1.21 long, 1.35 wide.

Colouration (Fig. 1 View Figure 1 A and B). Carapace black brown. Chelicerae yellow brown. Endites yellow. Labium, anterior part pale, posterior yellow. Sternum yellow, mottled, with abundant black spots. Legs with black brown annulations on femora, tibiae and metatarsi. Abdomen mottled, with a pale ring-shaped band; venter black brown.

Palp (Fig. 2 View Figure 2 and Fig. 4 View Figure 4 A-K). Cymbium: cymbial apophysis finger-like, slightly shorter than cymbial width in dorsal view; cymbial lamella triangular, with blunt and cone-shaped tip in prolateral view, like a barb in retrolateral view; paracymbium hook-shaped, with needle-like tip in retrolateral view. Median apophysis small hook-shaped, with a broad base, apex curved forward. Conductor translucent, covering complex embolic system. Embolus: embolic division complex, with multiple slender protrusions; embolus embranous, nearly as long as EA3, covered with a membrane, including three apophyses; EA 1 thickest, C-shaped, with broad membranous apex, through EA 2 and EA 3; EA 2 very long, filiform, spiralling around EA 1, with sharp apex; EA 3 flagelliform, lamellar, with two basal apophyses, one clavate, the other tooth-like.

Female (Fig. 1 View Figure 1 C, D, Fig. 3 View Figure 3 , Fig. 4 View Figure 4 L, M and Fig. 5 View Figure 5 E). As in male, except as noted. Measurements. Body 2.46 long. Carapace 1.26 long, 1.14 wide. Abdomen 1.77 long, 1.66 wide. Eye size and measurements: AME 0.14, ALE 0.13, PME 0.13, PLE 0.11, AME-AME 0.04, AME-ALE 0.05, PME-PME 0.04, PME-PLE 0.09, AME-PME 0.12, AME-PLE 0.19, ALE-ALE 0.34, PLE-PLE 0.42, ALE-PLE, 0.04. Leg measurements: leg I: 1.25+0.45+0.87+0.72+0.50 = 3.79; leg II: 1.05+0.35+0.73+0.60+0.47 = 3.20; leg III: 0.74+0.33+0.47+0.47+0.34 = 2.35; leg IV: 0.76+0.41+0.65+0.51+0.38 = 2.71.

Colouration (Fig. 1 View Figure 1 C and D). Lighter than male. Abdomen lacking ring-like white band, with two pairs of white patches in anterior half part.

Epigyne (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 , Fig. 4 View Figure 4 L and M). Epigynal plate wider than long, posteriorly with a protruding, long and banana-shaped epigynal scape, convex ventrally. Copulatory opening very small. Copulatory bursae developed, membranous, touching. Copulatory ducts originating from copulatory bursae, extending along the mesial line of the vulva, running posterior-dorsally under spermathecae, bent at an acute angle towards anteromedially, curving backwards at lateral side of spermathecae, spiralling a circle. Spermathecae located medially, moderate tapering in touching part. Fertilisation ducts short, running under copulatory ducts, medially directed.

Diagnosis

Males of this species is similar to that of Sennin tanikawai Suzuki, Hiramatsu & Tatsuta, 2022 in having the finger-like cymbial apophysis in dorsal view and the triangular cymbial lamella in retrolateral view ( Suzuki et al. 2022: 86, figs. 7A and C), but can be distinguished from it by the median apophysis with a thick, strong curved apex (vs. thin, slightly curved in S. tanikawai ) and the paracymbium with a sharp needle-like apex (vs. spine-like in S. tanikawai ). It also resembles S. coddingtoni (Zhu, Zhang & Chen, 2001) in the triangular cymbial lamella, but can be easily separated from it by the large cymbial apophysis (vs. small) ( Chen 2010: 8, fig. 27) (Fig. 2 View Figure 2 D, E, Fig. 4 View Figure 4 A and B). Females resemble those of S. coddingtoni ( Chen 2010: 7, figs. 19 and 20) and S. tanikawai ( Suzuki et al. 2022: 87, fig. 8) in having the copulatory duct with a coil laterally located, but can be distinguished from it by the very long epigynal scape as same as epigynal length (vs. relative long epigynal scape shorter than epigynal length in S. coddingtoni and S. tanikawai ) and the transversal spermathecae with a tapering tip in touching area (vs. the transversal spermathecae without tapering tip; the sloping spermathecae in S. tanikawai ) (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 , Fig. 4 View Figure 4 L and M).

Etymology

The specific name is a noun in apposition and refers to the type locality.

Distribution

Known only from the type locality in Anhui Province, China (Fig. 6 View Figure 6 ).

Ecology

The new species only inhabits deep within limestone caves (Fig. 5 View Figure 5 A). These spiders build vertical circular webs with the junction of the top and sides of the cave (Fig. 5 View Figure 5 B and C). Egg sacs (Fig. 5 View Figure 5 F) spherical, are suspended with a long vertical line on the roof of the cave near female webs.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Theridiosomatidae

Genus

Sennin