Euphoria geminata ( Chevrolat, 1835 )

Orozco, Jesús, 2012, Monographic Revision of the American Genus Euphoria Burmeister, 1842 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae), The Coleopterists Bulletin (mo 11) 66, pp. 1-182 : 76-77

Euphoria geminata ( Chevrolat, 1835)

(Appendix 4: Fig. 41 )

Cetonia geminata Chevrolat 1835: 107 . Original combination.

Holotype at RMNH, examined.

Description (n = 331). Length 9.7–13.4 mm; width 5.8–7.5 mm. Color: Dorsal surface tomentous. Pronotum black, reddish, or yellowish, frequently with 1 large black longitudinal vitta on each side of midline. Elytra black, light yellow, reddish, or yellowish, frequently with black, longitudinal bands on costae. Ventral surface, including legs, light brown to black; mesofemora, metasternum, mesepimera, metepisterna, metacoxae, metafemora, abdominal sternites, and pygidium, frequently covered by whitish, cretaceous markings. Head: Frons frequently slightly raised in the middle, densely punctate; punctures round, deep, moderate in size, confluent, moderately densely to densely setose; setae, yellowish, moderate to long. Clypeus subquadrate to subtrapezoidal, laterally expanded anteriorly in dorsal view, lateral margins moderately raised in males, weakly raised in females; apex strongly sinuate in dorsal view, strongly reflexed in males, weakly to moderately reflexed in females; surface as on frons. Antennal club as long as or slightly longer than stem in males, shorter in females. Pronotum: Surface moderately densely punctate; punctures round to lunulate, minute, glabrous to sparsely setose; setae minute to short, whitish to yellowish. Sides weakly to moderately angulate. Base in front of scutellum vaguely to strongly emarginate. Scutellum impunctate or with few minute to small punctures bearing setae. Elytra: Surface moderately densely punctate, striae bearing 2 densely punctate lateral rows and 1 sparsely punctate medial row; punctures small to moderate, lunulate to irregular; apex and posterior end of sides weakly rugose, glabrous to sparsely setose; setae minute to short, whitish to yellowish. Pygidium: Surface subconcentrically to subconcentrically striate; striae moderately spaced, discontinuous, moderately densely setose; setae short, whitish to yellowish; pygidium wider than long. Legs: Protibiae slender in males, robust in females, basal tooth obsolete to subobsolete in males. Meso- and metatibial carinae weakly developed in males, moderately to strongly developed in females. Metatibiae strongly expanded apically in females, not expanded in males; spurs of metatibiae sharp in males, rounded in females. Venter: Mesometasternal process moderately compressed laterally, extending anteriorly to same level as mesocoxae or slightly beyond, apex flat to variably rounded. Mesepimera, metasternum, and metacoxae setose, setae as on legs. Metasternum rugose, moderately to densely setose laterally, glabrous to weakly setose and sparsely punctate at middle; median sulcus strongly impressed. Abdomen of males with moderate to deep, medial, longitudinal depression. Abdomen in lateral view moderately concave in males, strongly convex in females. Male genitalia: Parameres as in Fig. 41c .

Diagnosis. This species is separated from other species in the group by the strongly raised apex of the clypeus in males, presence of cretaceous markings on the venter, and form of the parameres. Several color forms ( Fig. 41 d-g) can be found in one single area. The protibial teeth are frequently entirely abraded in males and moderately worn in females. The parameres are almost entirely fused dorsally, a character that is only shared with E. eximia . The base of the pronotum in front of the scutellum varies from vaguely to strongly emarginate. This variation is unique in the genus.

Taxonomic History. Chevrolat (1835) described this species in Cetonia from a male specimen from Tampico, Mexico.

Natural History. Adult specimens have been found on flowers of Donnellsmithia hintonii Mathias and Constance (Apiaceae) . Adults have been collected between 914–1,600 m elevation.

Temporal Distribution. May (2), June (2), July (70), August (16), September (98), October (37), November (6), December (1) ( Fig. 41h ).

Geographic Distribution. Known from northern Mexico through Nicaragua ( Fig. 41i ). Blackwelder (1944) incorrectly listed the species as occurring in Panama. The species was recorded from Durango and Morelos, Mexico by Morón et al. (1997).

Specimens Examined (331). Type material: Cetonia geminata Chevrolat, 1835 ; holotype male at RMNH labeled “Tampico/ Mexico// Museum Leiden/ verz. F. T. Valck/ Lucassen/ Co. E. Janson ♂ // Cetonia / geminata/ Type Chev./ Coll. Chevrolat// type// amphistoros?/ erirhipis/ geminatus Chvo/ ( Cetonia )/ Mexico VeraCruz Sallé caf ” and my holotype label. Another specimen at RMNH but without black markings on the dorsum bears “type” labels. As the locality of this specimen (Veracruz, Mexico) does not correspond with the original description (Tampico, Mexico) a “Not a type” label was placed under this specimen. Other material: EL SALVADOR (9): CUSCATLÁN: El Rosario (1), El Salvador (1); LA LIBERTAD: Santa Tecla (3); LA PAZ: Mercedes La Ceiba (1); SANTA ANA: Candelaria (1); SONSONATE: Sonsonate (1). No DATA (1). GUATEMALA (2): EL PROGRESO: Sanarate (1), no data (1). HONDURAS (9): COMAYAGUA: El Taladro (4), Siguatepeque (1); LA PAZ: La Paz (4). MEXICO (296): CHIAPAS: Ocozocoautla de Espinosa (1), Tapachula (8), no data (5); COLIMA: Colima (48); GUERRERO: Acahuizotla (1); JALISCO: Ameca (1), Chamela (1), La Quemada (8), Magdalena (2), Plan de Barrancas (1), San Patricio (1), Tequila (1), no data (1); NAYARIT: Ahucatlán (4), Compostela (1), Ixtlán del Río (3), Jala (6), Jalcocotan (47), Jesús María (1), Tepic (33), Volcán del Céboruco (20), Xalisco (8); OAXACA: Tehuantepec (2); SINALOA: Culiacán (1), Las Flores (10), Mazatlán (2); SONORA: Alamos (25), Guirocoba (14), “Hucoche” (2), no data (2); VERACRUZ: Córdoba (1), Boca del Río (1), Jalapa (1), Orizaba (2), Veracruz (4), no data (11). NO DATA (16). NICARAGUA (13): CARAZO: Diriamba (1), San Marcos (10); MASAYA: Masatepe (2).

Figures

Fig. 41. Euphoria geminata. a) Habitus, b) Head, c) Parameres, d-g) Color variation, h) Temporal distribution, i) Geographic distribution in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.