Doryctophasmus Enderlein, 1912

Belokobylskij, Sergey A., 2015, Review of species of the Old World genus Doryctophasmus Enderlein, 1912 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae), Zootaxa 3985 (4), pp. 541-564 : 542-544

Genus Doryctophasmus Enderlein, 1912

Doryctophasmus Enderlein, 1912: 18 ; Shenefelt & Marsh, 1976: 1375; Belokobylskij et al., 2004: 39; Yu et al., 2012. Type species: Doryctophasmus ferrugineiceps Enderlein, 1912 .

Description of the genus. Head ( Figs 2–4 , 20–22 , 36–38 , 56–58 , 73, 74, 77 ) not or weakly depressed, subglobose. Frons almost flat or weakly concave, without median furrow, without or with more or less distinct median carina. Ocelli placed on rather distinct and wide transverse ridge, arranged in triangle with base distinctly larger than its sides. Eyes glabrous, with fine or almost without emargination opposite antennal sockets. Occipital carina distinct, complete dorsally, below not joined with hypostomal carina on long or short distance. Malar suture absent. Clypeus with very narrow or without lower flange. Hypoclypeal depression rather small and subround or oval. Postgenal bridge wide or very wide. Mandible thick and short. Maxillary palpus long, 6-segmented, its sixth (apical) segment about as long as fifth segment; labial palpus not long, 4-segmented, its third segment not shortened. Antennae ( Figs 1, 5, 6 , 55, 59 , 71, 72, 75, 76 ) slender, weakly setiform or almost filiform. Scape wide and short or very short, without apical lobe and basal constriction. First flagellar segment distinctly compressed, widened, weakly curved, concave and almost smooth on outer surface, convex and rugulose-striate with granulation or reticulation at least partly, about as long as or weakly longer than subcylintrical second segment. Apical segment with distal spine.

Mesosoma (lateral view) not or more opr less distinctly depressed and long ( Figs 1, 8 , 18, 24 , 40 , 55, 60 ). Neck of prothorax more or less elongated. Pronotum dorsally usually distinctly convex (lateral view), its anterior flange wide and curved up; pronope absent. Propleural lateroposterior flange short and rather wide. Mesonotum weakly and roundly or gently-roundly elevated above pronotum (lateral view), almost entirely densely small reticulate with granulation or only granulate, entirely and very densely setose. Median lobe of mesoscutum (dorsal view) strongly protruding forward, with shallow or very shallow median longitudinal furrow, without anterolateral corners. Notauli shallow or rather deep, wide, complete. Tegula short, widened toward apex, weakly convex anteriorly, weakly concave laterally. Prescutellar depression rather long, with median carina, weakly or distinctly oblique from middle to sides along its posterior margin. Scuto-scutellar suture distinct and complete. Lateral longitudinal flanges on level of prescutellar depression short. Scutellum weakly convex, without or with fine lateral carinae. Subalar depression rather shallow and wide. Mesopleural pit distinct or fine, elongate, far separated from mesopleural suture, but connected with it by narrow furrow. Sternaulus (precoxal sulcus) rather deep, wide, long, almost straight, without distinct pit posteriorly or medially, connected with prepectal carina anteriorly, running along entire lower part of mesopleuron. Prepectal carina distinct and complete, weakly widened ventrally, prolongated laterally till upper margin of sternaulus or lower margin of subalar depression. Postpectal carina absent. Metanotum (lateral view) with short or very short and obtuse dorsal tooth. Metapleural flange rather wide basally, strongly or weakly narrowed towards apex, short, subpointed or rounded apically. Propodeum without delineated areas; lateral tubercles and propodeal bridge absent. Propodeal spiracles small and subround or oval. Metapleural suture distinct.

Wings ( Figs 11–13 , 28–30 , 43–45 , 52–54, 64–66, 81–83). Pterostigma of fore wing rather narrow and long. Radial vein arising almost from middle of pterostigma. Radial cell not or weakly shortened. Second radial abscissa not longer than first radiomedial vein. Both radiomedial veins present. Second radiomedial cell short. Recurrent vein weakly postfurcal. Discoidal cell long, petiolate anteriorly; petiole thick and rather short. Basal and recurrent veins divergent posteriorly. Nervulus postfurcal or rarely almost interstitial. Parallel vein interstitial or almost interstitial. Brachial cell long, narrow, closed postero-apically by almost perpendicular or weakly oblique brachial vein, apical abscissa of longitudinal anal vein (behind brachial vein) present at short distance; bulla short. Transverse anal veins absent. Hind wing with three hamuli. First abscissa of costal vein 0.4–0.7 × as long as second abscissa. Radial vein arising from costal vein usually not far from basal vein. Radial cell weakly narrowed posteriorly, without additional transverse vein, almost parallel-sided, but narrowed apically. Medial cell narrow, distinctly widened apically, 8.0–17.0 × longer than width, 0.4–0.5 × as long as hind wing. Nervellus present. Submedial cell very short. First abscissa of mediocubital vein much shorter than second abscissa. Recurrent vein short, weakly oblique toward base of wing.

Legs ( Figs 7 , 25, 27 , 33 , 41, 42 , 62, 63 , 80 , 85 ). Fore and middle tibiae with several short and thick spines arranged in single vertical line. Fore tarsus slender, 1.3–1.6 × longer than tibia. Segments of middle tarsus rather long. Hind coxa oval, without basoventral corner and tubercle, without dorsal tooth. Hind femur distinctly convex ventrally, elongate-oval, thick, without dorsal protuberance. Hind tibia on dorsal surface with several long, thick and sparse spines. Hind inner tibial spurs long, weakly sinuate, glabrous in one side and setose in other side. Hind tarsus weakly narrowed towards apex. Basitarsus of hind tarsus weakly shorter than second-fifth segments combined. Claws short and simple.

Metasoma ( Figs 16, 17 , 33, 34 , 47, 48 , 69, 70 , 85–87 ). First metasomal tergite semi-petiolate, wide or narrow, long. Acrosternite of first segment elongate, 0.3–0.6 × as long as first tergite, its apical margin placed distinctly behind spiracular level. Dorsope of first tergite small or almost absent, laterope large or small; basolateral lobes small or absent; spiracular tubercles present or almost absent, situated in basal 0.3–0.4 of tergite; dorsal carinae present only basally or absent. Second tergite without areas, often with shallow and weakly convergent or divergent posteriorly furrows in basal 0.1–0.2, with distinct sublateral and divergent complete carinae; tergite distinctly longer than its basal width, but sometimes equal to it or shorter. Suture between second and third tergites shallow, distinct, almost straight, weakly or sometimes distimctly curved laterally. Third tergite without transverse depression. Second and third or sometimes second to fourth tergites with separate laterotergites. Fourth to seventh or fifth to seventh tergites with single submedian transverse line of short, dense and semi-erect pale setae. Fifth and sixth tergites weakly enlarged or not enlarged, not strongly sclerotised and without coarse sculpture, not longer than fourth tergite. Hypopygium rather large, medioposteriorly with more or less long median pointed process. Ovipositor longer than metasoma, apically with two obtuse and very small dorsal nodes, serrate below. Ovipositor sheath distinctly or weakly widened apically, but rather strongly narrowed apically, with rather long or short, semierect and dense pale or dark setae.

Diagnosis. This genus belongs to the tribe Doryctini from the group of genera having strong spines on dorsal margin of hind tibia. Differences from all know genera of this group ( Doryctophasmus Enderlein, 1912 , Esterella Pagliano et Scaramozzino, 1990 , Euscelinus Westwood, 1882 , and Sonanus Belokobylskij et Konishi, 2001 ) are showed in the following key:

1. Hind femur very wide, its length about twice maximum width, with row of robust and distinct teeth on its ventral margin. Hind tibia curved, with almost parallel carinae along its lower inner margin. Postpectal carina present medially. Oriental, Australasian and South Palaearctic regions................................................ Euscelinus Westwood

- Hind femur less strongly widened, its length 3.0–4.0 ×maximum width, without row of teeth on its ventral margin. Hind tibia more or less straight, without carinae along its lower inner margin. Postpectal carina completely absent................. 2

2. Second metasomal tergite with lateral furrows delineated U-shaped area. Parallel vein of fore wing not interstitial, arising before middle of distal margin of brachial cell. Second radiomedial cell rather long. Hind wing of male without stigma-like enlargement and/or thickened veins.—Acrosternite of first tergite not elongated. South Palaearctic, Oriental and Australasian regions.................................................................... Sonanus Belokobylskij et Konishi

- Second metasomal tergite without furrows and area, often with sublateral carinae divergented posteriorly. Parallel vein of fore wing interstitial or almost interstitial. Second radiomedial cell short. Hind wing of male often with stigma-like enlargement and/or thickened veins.................................................................................. 3

3. Recurrent vein of fore wing more or less distinctly postfurcal to first radiomedial vein. Fore tibia with single row of strong spines. Hind tibia with single row of spines on its dorsal surface. Oriental and Afrotropical regions.................................................................................................... Doryctophasmus Enderlein

- Recurrent vein of fore wing interstitial to first radiomedial vein. Fore tibia with cluster of spines. Hind tibia with two rows of spines on its surface. Oriental region............... Esterella Pagliano et Scaramozzino ( Prolatus Sharma et Gupta, 1985 ) General hosts. Unknown.

General distribution. Oriental, Australasian and Afrotropical regions.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 10. Doryctophasmus beninus sp. nov. (female, holotype). 1. Habitus, lateral view. 2. Head, front view. 3. Head, dorsal view. 4. Head, lateral view. 5. Basal segments of antenna, front view. 6. Basal segments of antenna, lateral view. 7. Hind tibia. 8. Mesosoma, lateral view. 9. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 10. Propodeum, back view.

FIGURES 18 – 27. Doryctophasmus ferrugineiceps Enderlein (female, holotype). 18. Habitus, lateral view. 19. Habitus, dorsal view. 20. Head, dorsal view. 21. Head, front view. 22. Head, lateral view. 23. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 24. Mesosoma, lateral view. 25. Hind leg. 26. Propodeum, first metasomal tergite and hind coxa, lateral view. 27. Hind tibia.

FIGURES 35 – 42. Doryctophasmus ferrugineus (Granger) (female, lectotype). 35. Habitus, lateral view. 36. Head, front view. 37. Head, dorsal view. 38. Head, lateral view. 39. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 40. Mesosoma, lateral view. 41. Hind leg (without tarsus). 42. Hind tibia.

FIGURES 55 – 63. Doryctophasmus madagascarus sp. nov. (female, holotype). 55. Habitus, lateral view. 56. Habitus, front view. 57. Head, dorsal view. 58. Head, lateral view. 59. Basal segments of antenna, lateral outer view. 60. Mesosoma, lateral view. 61. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 62. Hind leg. 63. Hind tibia.

FIGURES 71 – 80. Doryctophasmus rubrotestaceus (Granger) (female, lectotype). 71. Habitus, lateral view. 72. Basal segments of antenna, lateral outer view. 73. Head, front view. 74. Head, dorsal view. 75. Basal segments of antenna, lateral inner view. 76. Basal segments of antenna, dorsal view. 77. Head, lateral view. 78. Mesosoma, lateral view. 79. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 80. Hind femur and tibia.

FIGURES 11 – 17. Doryctophasmus beninus sp. nov. (female, holotype). 11. Fore and hind wings. 12. Fore wing, median part. 13. Hind wing, basal part. 14. First metasomal tergite, lateral view. 15. Second and third metasomal tergites, dorsal view. 16. Metasoma, dorsal view. 17. Metasoma, lateral view.

FIGURES 28 – 34. Doryctophasmus ferrugineiceps Enderlein (female, holotype). 28. Fore wing. 29. Hind wing. 30. Fore wing, median part. 31. Propodeum and first metasomal tergite, dorsal view. 32. Apical part of ovipositor. 33. Metasoma, lateral view. 34. Metasoma, dorsal view.

FIGURES 43 – 48. Doryctophasmus ferrugineus (Granger) (female, lectotype). 43. Fore and hind wings. 44. Fore wing, median part. 45. Hind wing, basal part. 46. First metasomal tergite, ventral view. 47. Metasoma, dorsal view. 48. Metasoma, lateral view.

FIGURES 81 – 87. Doryctophasmus rubrotestaceus (Granger) (female, lectotype). 81. Fore and hind wings. 82. Fore wing, median part. 83. Hind wing, basal part. 84. Apical part of ovipositor. 85. Mesosoma and hind leg, lateral view. 86. Propodeum and first metasomal tergite, dorsal view. 87. Metasoma without first tergite, dorsal view.

FIGURES 64 – 70. Doryctophasmus madagascarus sp. nov. (female, holotype). 64. Fore wing. 65. Hind wing. 66. Fore wing, median part. 67. First tergite, dorsal view. 68. Second and third metasomal tergites, dorsal view. 69. Metasoma, dorsal view. 70. Metasoma, lateral view.