Seriphium cryptophyllum, Leaves

Koekemoer, Marinda, 2016, A monograph of Stoebe and Seriphium (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae) in southern Africa and neighbouring islands, Phytotaxa 242 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

Leaves about 2 mm long, linear, tightly adpressed to the stems, not overlapping .................................... Se. cryptophyllum Leaves 4–6 mm long, sickle-shaped, directed upwards, overlapping for almost half the length .............. Se. pachycladum 1. Seriphium cinereum Linnaeus (1753: 928) . Type:—Herb. Linnaeus 1049.3 (LINN!, lectotype designated by Koekemoer in Jarvis & Turland (1998: 366)). This sheet was selected as the lectotype, as it has the Species Plantarum number and also best represents the species. Two other collections were also considered and not found suitable as lectotype specimens: Herb. Clifford 403 (BM) and Artimisia 1 / SBT 76 (SBT).

Nomenclatural note:—An illustration in Plukenet (1705: Pl. 445, fig. 2) most probably depicts this species, which makes it one of the earliest Seriphium species to be illustrated.

Vernacular name: —Vaal Hartebeeskaroo

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Multi-stemmed, much branched, often bushy shrubs, up to 1.5 m tall, usually greenish or yellowish green, with a shiny appearance. Branches usually somewhat woolly, rarely glabrous; secondary branches often arranged candelabrum-like with 2–8 branches in semi-whorls on the primary branches; secondary branches curving upwards and terminating in synflorescences. Brachyblasts mostly absent, sometimes present in a few leaf axils. Leaves ericoid, twisted, 3–9 mm long, squarrose or spreading horizontally, basally adpressed; with a distinct globose basal swelling caused by two resin cavities on either side of the midrib; sharply mucronate; slightly woolly or glabrous on the lower surface, densely woolly above; leaves on the brachyblasts shorter than those on the main axes and not conspicuous. Synflorescences of small globose aggregations of capitula, terminal on shoots, globules often somewhat apart like in a necklace or closely spaced and spike-like; up to 20 cm long. Capitula 1-flowered. Receptacle stalk-like. Involucral bracts in several rows; outer leaf-like and woolly; inner brown, scarious; innermost with long acuminate apices, longer than the floret. Disc florets bisexual, brown or purple; corolla lobes small, erect, triangular, 2 mm long. Style bifid, branches much exserted at maturity. Nectaries absent. Cypselas 5- ribbed, scabrid. Pappus setae 12, a little shorter than the corolla, plumose from close to the base, plumes soft, ascending to inclined, not tufted at the tips. Flowering usually March to May, but records of plants flowering throughout the year are available.

Distribution and habitat: —Western and Eastern Cape, with some anomalous isolated collections from Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Free State and KwaZulu-Natal. It is not certain if these collections reflect

STOEBE AND SERIPHIUM ( GNAPHALIEAE )

Phytotaxa 242 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 15 naturally scattered distribution in the northern range of the species, or if the species has been undercollected in the northern parts, or if these occurrences are remnants of an earlier, wider distribution. There is, however, no doubt about the correct identification of these specimens. The disjunct distributions contribute to the complexity of the problem of the morphological variation in the group. Figure 10 .

Ecology: —Sandy loam, often close to water, frequently among boulders, also in disturbed areas, at elevations of 0–1600 m.

Conservation status: —Least Concern.

Additional specimens examined: — SOUTH AFRICA, Western Cape. C.B.S., 1847, Alexander PRE44473 (E, PRE); Wynberg Div., Kirstenbosch along Skeleton Stream dry ground near tree limit (3318CD), 20 July 1953, Almborn 43a (PRE); Silvermine valley, eastern slopes in sandy soil (3418AB), December 1919, Andreae 118 (E); Near Villiersdorp on Elgin road, on edge of stream (3319CD), 19 May 1974, Bayliss 861 (PRE); CBS, Bergius (G); Klein Karoo, plaas Langkloof teen Langeberge. Rotsagtige helling, sanderige leem en TMS, naby huis se drinkwaterdam (3321DC), 10 October 1983, Bohnen 8366 (NBG, PRE, UPS); Jonkershoek, beside path, waterfalls (3318DD), 15 April 1936, Borchardt 1546 (PRE); 30 October 1924, British Empire Exhibitio 1924 (K); Between Wynberg and Constantia (3418AB), 14 February 1811, Burchell 805 (K); Wynberg (3418AB), 14 February 1811, Burchell 859 (K); Long Kloof, eastern end, between sources of Kromme River and Wagenbooms River (3323CD), 10 March 1814, Burchell 4886 (K); Long Kloof mountain sides near the west branch of Wagenbooms River , Uniondale div. (3323CD), 11 March 1814, Burchell 4896 (K); On the hills near Knysna (3423AA), 8 June 1914, Burchell 5461 (K); Swellendam div., on dry hills near Breede River , 26 January 1815, Burchell 7454 (K); Swellendam div., in and near Hessequaskloof (3420AA), 28 January 1815, Burchell 7533 (K); Caledon div., Zoetemelks Valley (3419BA), 13 February 1815, Burchell 7574 (K); Zoetemelk's valley , Caledon div., 13 February 1815, Burchell 7583-2 (K); Mountains of Lowrys' Pass (3418BB), 25 March 1815, Burchell 8189 (K); Between Lowry's Pass and Jonkershoek, 30 March 1815, Burchell 8297 (K); Afr. austr.: CBS, Burmann (G (herb Delessert)); Cap de Bonne Esperance , Commerson (G); Basuta Land, 1861, Cooper 700 (K); Kleinmond, vlakte N of vlei, S of road (3419AC), 30 March 1948, De Vos 862 (NBG); South Africa , Drege (K); Drege (G); Cap, Drege (G); In summitate montis Kasteel, January, Ecklon (G); Cape Town, Bergplaats, Ecklon 336 (SAM); By the cataract on the E side of Devil Mt. in the third altitude (3318CD), May, Ecklon 410 / 501 (64.3) (S); Cap de Bonne- Esperance, Ecklon & Zeyher 501 (G); Paarl, Haalhoek Sneeukop, upper slopes (3418BB), 4 March 1942, Esterhuysen 7717 (NBG, PRE); Cape Peninsula, UCT grounds, slopes above buildings (3318CD), 7 May 1957, Esterhuysen 27238 (PRE); Kirstenbosch, clearing N of Window Stream (3318CD), September 1937, Esterhuysen PRE44476 (PRE); Table Mountain , Platteklip (3318CD), 1919, Flanagan PRE44463 (PRE); Lower Montagu Pass , between tollhouse and bridge (3322CD), 24 June 1943, Fourcade 6028 (NBG); Klein Drakenstein Mountains near Salem farm, on river bank at base, 4 April 1931, Galpin 11038 (PRE); Table Mountain , 1000ft (3318CD), July 1890, Gamble 22091 (K); Kennilworth (3318CD), July 1890, Gamble 22148 (K); Stellenbosch flats (3318DD), 17 June 1918, Garside 1078 (K); Stellenbosch flats (3318DD), 15 April 1918, Garside 1091 (K); Natal, received July 1865, Gerrard 1020 (K); Cape Peninsula, plateau on top of Kalk Bay Mountain (3418AB), 6 April 1974, Goldblatt 1363 (NBG,PRE, S); Top of Sir Lowrys Pass , E aspect (3418BB), 24 April 1974, Goldblatt 1677 (NBG, PRE, S); Villiersdorp, Silverstream near Villiersdorp, mountain slopes (3319CD), 14 May 1974, Goldblatt 1819 (NBG, K, PRE, S); Oranjezigt, 13 September 1936, Hafström (S); CBS, Harvey 96 (E); Lebanon State Forest , Jakkals River Catchment (3419AA), 29 March 1973, Haynes 782 (NBG, PRE); Montagu, Swellendam State Foerest, Marloth Nature Reserve (3320CD), 29 September 1978, Haynes 1481 (NBG, PRE); Paarl, Houmoed, Wemmershoek, berghange (3319CC), 4 March 1947, Heyns 26778 (NBG); Cape Peninsula, Cook's Bay , 1 August 1933, Humbert 9525 (PRE); Cape Peninsula, Cook's Bay , 1 August 1933, Humbert 9582 (PRE); Cape Town, Kirstenbosch (3318CD), 3 August 1933, Humbert 9676 (PRE); George, Outeniqua Mt. , Montagu Pass (3322CD), 13 August 1933, Humbert 9913 (PRE); Kirstenbosch (3318CD), 7 January 1967, JBG 3378 (PRE); Jonkershoek (3318DD), 16 March 1946, Jordaan s.n. (NBG); Jonkershoek, W of Langrivier source, lower slope of ridge on footpath to Peaks (3318DD), 26 March 1951, Jordaan 33256 (NBG); George, Outeniqua Pass, 41 km from Oudtshoorn (3322CD), 17 September 1990, Koekemoer 470 (PRE); Hermanus, Kogelberg Nature Reserve (3418BB), 5 March 1991, Koekemoer 569 (PRE); Cultivated in Kirstenbosch Botanical Garden (3318CD), 12 March 1991, Koekemoer 619 (PRE); Cape, Kleinmond, near Palmiet River mouth (3418BD), 13 March 1991, Koekemoer 632 (PRE); Near Riversdale on Gysmanshoek Pass , 30 km from Barrydale on the farm Kanetberg (3321CC), 29 November 1995, Koekemoer 1133 (PRE); 2 km on Boesmanskloof road between Genadendal and Greyton (3419CA), 30 March

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1996, Koekemoer 1268 (PRE); Lebanon Catchment, 2800’ (3419AA), March 1968, Kruger 698 (PRE); S. Africa, Langley Kitching (K); Cape Town, Devils Peak first waterfall ravine, N facing slope, 420 m (3318CD), 9 May 1980, Le Maitre 100 (NBG, PRE); Genadendal, slopes behind the mission station (3419BA), March 1935, Levyns 4854 (PRE); Parsons Vlei (3325CD), 18 Julie 1931, Long 35 (K); Simons Bay, Cape of Good Hope, Voyage of HMS Herald, December 1852, MacGillifray 605 (K); Table Mountain (3318CD), November 1885, MacOwan 550 (K, G-DC, P, PRE, SAM, UPS); Cape Peninsula, July or November 1952, Martin 4611 (PRE); Grootvadersbosch State Forest, near Barend Koen Road, mountain Fynbos on NW facing slopes on rocky ground, 884m (3320DD), 21 September 1985, McDonald & Morley 1037 (NBG, PRE); CBS, Cango, May 1819, Mundt & Maire (P); Hermanus, Fernkloof Nature Reserve, S facing damp site, 275m (3419AD), 2 April 1980, Orchard 548 (E, K, PRE); Kirstenbosch (3318CD), April 1917, Page PRE3197 (PRE); Slopes of Table Mountain above Platteklip (3318CD), September 1837, Pappe US 17426 (NBG); Mountains about Cape Town (3318CD), Pappe s.n. (K); Stellenbosch, Somerset West (3318DD), 20 March 1940, Parker 3471 (K, NBG); Blue Claim, 3000ft, 9 July 1902, Pearson s.n. (G (herb. Delessert)); CBS, Simons Bay (3418AB), March 1903, Prior (K); CBS, Camps Bay (3318CD), Aug 1946, Prior (K); Cape Town, Devils Peak (3318CD), 5 May 1947, Prior (K); In montibus supra Worcester (3319CB), Rehman 2637 (PRE); Hermanus, Fernkloof Nature Reserve; prostrate matted shrub (3419AD), 13 April 1980, Robertson & Burman 308 (K, PRE); Sir Lowrys Pass (3418BB), 2 May 1896, Schlechter 7797 (PRE); On grassy tops of Perie mts., near King Williams Town (3227CB), Scott Elliot 930 (E); S slopes of Table Mt. (3318CD), 8 September 1952, Sidey 2243 (S); Sieber Fl. Cap. No. 22 (G, K, P, S); Paarl, Fransch Hoek, along roadside near foot of mountain 1.5 miles NW of the town (3319CC), 24 March 1926, Smith 2642 (K, PRE); Wellington, at foot of small hill below mountain at Frensch Hoek (3319CC), 24 March 1926, Smith 2654 (PRE); Stellenbosch, Glen Bau (3318DD), April 1928, Smuts PRE44548 (PRE); Fransch Hoek, Bush Reserve, Purgatory outspan (3319CC), 22 May 1969, Stehle 145 (NBG, PRE); Kirstenbosch, Cape, 14 March 1949, Steyn 3 (BLFU); Elgin, Forestry department (3419AA), April 1946, Stokoe PRE44467 (PRE); Uniondale Div., Formosa—Lauterwater (3323DC), January 1940, Stokoe SAM54697 (SAM); Worcester Div., Bosjesveld Mts., Villiersdorp side (3319CD), February 1940, Stokoe SAM58126 (SAM); Caledon div., Paardeberg Mts., May 1949, Stokoe SAM63066 (SAM); Stellenbosch, Jonkershoek (3318DD), 6 March 1963, Taylor 4638 (NBG, PRE); Montagu, Swellendam State Forest Reserve, N slope of ridge between Zuurplaats and Goedgeloof (3320CD), 2 October 1979, Taylor 10046 (NBG); CBS, 1773, Thunberg (S-herb. Montin); Du Toits Kloof (3319CA), April 1883, Tyson 839 (E, SAM); Near Wellington (3319CC), April 1881, Tyson 838 (Wood herb. no. 3222) (PRE); Cape Town, Table Mountain (3318CD), November 1881, Tyson 2375 (E, PRE, SAM); Platteklip, Table Mountain (3318CD), September, Tyson SAM 16833 (SAM); Swartboschkloof, Jonkershoek (3318DD), 19 September 1948, Unknown collector (PRE); Worcester Veld Reserve (3319CB), July 1934, Van Breda 41 (K); George, Groenkop blok B, westelike helling, 20 January 1976, Van Daalen 21 (PRE); Kogelberg State Forest, experimental site next to road (3419AC), 9 April 1975, Van Wilgen 29 (NBG, PRE); CBS, Verreaux (G); Knysna, next to Prince Alfreds Pass, about 10 km S of Avontuur, 975 m (3323CC), 6 March 1991, Vlok 2444 (PRE); Cape dist., summit of Table Mt. (3318CD), 24 November 1938, Wall (S); CBS, Wallich 1848 (K); CBS, Wallich s.n. (K); Bains Kloof, summit of Du Toits Kloof Pass (3319CA), February 1962, Walters 186 (NBG); Table Mountain, lower slopes of Devil's Peak above Grootte Schuur Hospital (3318CD), 8 August 1959, White 5031 (PRE); Caledon, behind golf course at Hermanus, 4000m, plant 1m high, deep damp sand (3419AD), 15 March 1980, Williams 204 (K); Caledon, Vogelgat, James' Kloof (3419AD), 20 March 1980, Williams 2996 (NBG); Grange Kloof, 09 February 1896, Wolley Dod 825 (K); Cape Peninsula, Skeleton Ravine (3418AB), 26 April 1896, Wolley Dod 1039 (K); Cape Town (3318CD), 1909, Worsdell s.n. (K).

Mpumalanga. Tvl., Farm Pineglades, 15 km from Belfast on road to Dullstroom via Kwaggaskop , growing on koppie behind dam, (2529DB), 17 March 1981, Du Toit 318 (K, PRE) .

Eastern Cape. Uitenhage, Cockcomb, Gt. Winterhoek Mts. , SE slopes (3324DB), 30 November 1958, Esterhuysen 28025 (BOL, PRE); Cradock (3225BA), 1861, Cooper 3054 (K) .

Free State. Parys , April 1907, Geo Potts 599 (BLFU) .

Limpopo. Entre Pietersburg et Shilowane , August 1901, Junod 1682 (G); Warmbaths (2428CD), September 1908, Leenderts 1329 (K) .

Gauteng. Top of granite mountain, Weltevreden , N of Marabastad, August 1880 , Nelson 124 (K).

KwaZulu-Natal. In Movela hills, Natal , March 1856, Sutherland s.n. (K) .

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Figures

FIGURE 10:—Known distribution of Seriphium cinereum in South Africa.