Oulema rufocyanea ( Suffrian, 1847 )

Bezděk, Jan & Baselga, Andrés, 2015, Revision of western Palaearctic species of the Oulema melanopus group, with description of two new species from Europe (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Criocerinae), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1), pp. 273-304 : 289-291

Oulema rufocyanea ( Suffrian, 1847)

( Figs 3 , 8, 13 , 19–21 , 28 )

Lema rufocyanea Suffrian, 1847: 100 (original description).

Type locality. Not stated in the original description, ‘ Kärnten’ [= Carinthia; based of on the catalogue of Suffrianʼs collection].

Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♀, ‘30066 [b, h] // Oulema rufocyanea / (Suffrian) / Paralectotypus [sic!, for explanation see above] / M. Schmitt, design. [r, h]’ ( MLUH).

Additional material examined. EUROPE: AUSTRIA: ‘ Austria, Waltl’, 1 spec. unsexed ( MNHN). NIEDERÖSTERREICH: Mödling , 1 ♀, Scheerpeltz leg. ( NMPC) ; Sparbach bei Mödling , viii.1913, 1 spec. unsexed, J. Grätz leg. ( NHMW, coll. Franz) ; Prater, 1 ♂, Dr. Knirsch leg. ( NHMW, coll. Kühnelt) ; Bisamberg, 1 ♂, Dr. Knirsch leg. ( NHMW, coll. Kühnelt) ; Wienerwald , 1 spec. unsexed ( NHMW) ; Leithagelge. 1 spec. unsexed ( NHMW) ; Leithagebirge, Winden , 1 spec. unsexed, H. Franz leg. ( NHMW, coll. Franz) ; Oberweiden , 1 spec. unsexed, Pachole leg. ( NHMW, coll. Franz) ; Vöslau , 1 spec. unsexed, Paganetti leg. ( NHMW) ; Rekawinkel, 1890, 1 spec. unsexed, Ganglbauer leg. ( NHMW). OBERÖSTERREICH: ‘ Oberösterreich, Kreuze’ [= Kreuzen?], 1 spec. unsexed ( NHMW, coll. Franz). STEIERMARK: ‘ Styria’, 2 ♂♂ ( NMPC) ; Toblbad, 1 ♂ ( MSNV) ; Graz Umgebung, 1 ♂ ( MSNV) ; Graz env., 1 ♂ ( MSNM): TIROL: Reutte, Breitenwang, Steeger Berg , 900 m, 28.vi.1992, 1 ♂, D. Siede leg. ( DSCR) ; Breitenwang, Stegerberg , 28.vii.1994, 1 ♂, M. Bergeal leg. ( MSNM) ; Reutte , 29.vii.1991, 1 ♂, M. Bergeal leg. ( MSNM) ; Innsbruck, Arzl, 31.i.1965, 1♂, 2 spec. unsexed, H. Kippenberg leg. ( HKCH). KÄRNTEN: Villach , Eicholzgraben , 1 ♀, A. Sazmaier leg. ( MSNM) . BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: BRČKO: Brčka [= Brčko], 1 ♀ ( NMPC). BULGARIA: Rila , vi.1929, 2 ♀♀, Pfeffer leg. ( NMPC) . CROATIA: ISTRIA: 10 km N of Buzet, near Slum, 550 m, 30.iv.–2.v.2010, 1 ♂, A. Kotán, T. Németh & K. Székely leg. ( HNHM). POŽEGA- SLAVONIA: Pakrac , 1 ♀, Apfelbeck leg. ( HNHM) . CZECH REPUBLIC: BOHEMIA: Sv. Prokop [= Praha-Prokopské údolí], 1 ♂ ( NMPC) ; Lány, 35 km W of Prague, 2 ♂♂ ( NMPC). MORAVIA: Rovečín [= Rovečné], 1 ♀ ( NMPC) . FRANCE: RHÔNE- ALPES: Vuache hill, 1 ♂, 5.v.1951 ( MHNG). SARTHE: La Fresnaye, v.1929, 1 ♂, H. Coiffait leg. ( MNHN). AISNE: Chierry, iv.1910, 1 ♀, Bedel leg. ( MNHN). MEURTHE- ET- MOSELLE: Manonville , 1929, 1 ♀, J. Briel leg. ( MNHN) . GERMANY: ‘ Allemagne’, 1 spec. unsexed ( MNHN). BAYERN: Günzburg, 1 ♂ ( NMPC) ; ‘ Fränkische Schweiz’, 1 ♂, G. Vetter leg. ( MSNV) . GREECE: Peristeri, Pindos Mts. , 1 ♂ ( NMPC) . HUNGARY: BARANYA: Mecsek, Zobákpuszta, Hidas-völgy , 27.v.1954, 1 ♂, Z. Kaszab leg. ( HNHM). GYŐR- MOSON- SOPRON: Györ-Abda , 3.vii.1951, 1 spec. unsexed, O. Dely leg. ( HNHM). KOMÁROM- ESZTERGOM: Esztergom , 1 spec. unsexed, E. Bokor leg. ( HNHM) ; Legénd, 1 spec. unsexed, Tunkl leg. ( HNHM). PEST: Davas, Gyón , 1 ♂, 9.vi.2012, O. Merkl leg. ( HNHM) ; Budapest, 1 spec. unsexed, Gurányi leg. ( HNHM) ; Pécel , 1 spec. unsexed, Csiki leg. ( HNHM) ; Piliscsaba, vi.1903, 1 spec. unsexed, Wachsman leg. ( HNHM). SOMOGY: Bonnya , 1 spec. unsexed, V. Stiller leg. ( HNHM) ; Zamárdi, 26.v.1953, 1 spec. unsexed, É. Kovács leg. ( HNHM). SZABOLCS- SZATMÁR- BEREG: Nyirség, Bátorliget , 7.–19.vi.1949, 1 spec. unsexed, Kaszab & Székessy leg. ( HNHM) ; same data, 25.vi.–3.vii.1949, 1 spec. unsexed ( HNHM). TOLNA: Dombovár , 10.iii.1947, 1 ♂, Gebhardt leg. ( HNHM). VAS: Köszegi Hills, 20.–22.v.1936, 1 ♂, Exc. Inst. Zool. Syst. Univ. Budapest leg. ( HNHM). VESZPRÉM: Pét [= Pétfürdő], 1 spec. unsexed, Lichtneckert leg. ( HNHM) ; Bakonybél , 1 spec. unsexed, Wachsman leg. ( HNHM) . ITALY: ‘ Italia’, 1 ♂ ( BMNH). ABRUZZO: Gran Sasso, Prati di Tivo , 1450 m, 26.–27.viii.1996, 1 ♀, P. Montemurro leg. ( MMCM). BASILICATA: Lucania, M. Vulture, vii.1960, 1 ♂ ( MSNV). CAMPANIA: Omignano sc. (Cilento), v.1965, 1 ♀ ( MSNV). FRIULI- VENEZIA GIULIA: Monfalcone, 1 ♂, Reitter leg. ( HNHM) ; Trieste, Sgonico , 16.iv.1993, 1 ♂, F. Fritzlar leg. ( FFCJ) ; Isonzo, Papaveriana , 2.ii.1952, 1 ♀, Springer leg. ( MSNM) ; Doberdo del Lago , 30.vi.1946, 1 ♀, Sauli leg. ( MSNM) ; Gorizia , 28.viii.1940, 1 ♀, Springer leg. ( MSNM) ; dint. Samatorza, 8.vi.2009, 1 ♀, L. Diotti leg. ( DSCM). LIGURIA: Genova, S. Eusebio , 12.iv.1936, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, F. Solari leg. ( MSNV) ; Genova, 1 ♂, A. Baliani leg. ( MSNV) ; Genova , v.1946, 1 ♂, A. Festa leg. ( MSNV) ; Genova , v.1928, 1 ♂ ( NMPC) ; Savona, Finale L., S. Bernardino , 19.vi.1992, 1 ♀, R. Regalin leg. ( RRCM) ; Savona, Finale L., Perti , 23.iv.1994, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, R. Regalin leg. ( RRCM) ; Monti di Alassio, S. Bernardo, 400 m, 1.vi.1960, 1 ♀, Liberti leg. ( MSNV). MOLISE: Guardiaregia, Matese, vi.1962, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( MSNV). TOSCANA: Alpi Apuane, Reseto ( MS), 8.vii.1977, 1 ♂, M. Daccordi leg. ( MDCV). UMBRIA: Marche, Monti Sibillini , Pendici Sibilla , vi.1955, 1 ♀ ( MSNV) . KOSOVO: PEJA: Rugova, Žleb Mts. , 700–2000 m, 16.v.1971, 1 ♂, Papp & Horvatovich leg. ( HNHM) ; Radavac , 700 m, 17.v.1971, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 1 unsexed, Papp & Horvatovich leg. ( HNHM) . MACEDONIA: Skopje , vii.1914, 1 ♀, J. Matcha leg. ( NMPC) . MONTENEGRO: Fort Vermač [42°25′15″N 18°44′57″E, near Tivat], 1 ♂ ( NMPC) ; Plužine , 1 ♀, Grabowski leg. ( HNHM) . ROMANIA: CARAŞ- SEVERIN: Herkulesbad [= Băile Herculane], 1 spec. unsexed, Wingelm. leg. ( NHMW) ; Herkulesbad [= Băile Herculane], 1895, 2 spec. unsexed, Ganglbauer leg. ( NHMW). HARGHITA: Tusnád [= Tușnad], 1 ♂, Kuthy leg. ( HNHM). MUREŞ: Mezö Záh Tr. [= Zau de Câmpie], 1 ♂ ( MSNV) ; Mezö Záh [= Zau de Câmpie], 1 spec. unsexed, Horváth leg. ( HNHM) ; Várhegy [= Chinari], 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀ ( MSNV) . SLOVAKIA: Muráň, Dolinský potok [stream] valley, 16.v.2013, 2 ♀♀, M. Ouda leg. ( MOCP) ; Muráň , 13.v.2004, 1 ♂, M. Mantič leg. ( JBCB) ; Zadielská dolina, 1 ♀, A. Hoffer leg. ( NMPC) ; Slovenský Ráj , 1 ♀, Wadas leg. ( NMPC) ; Losonc [= Lučenec], 1 spec. unsexed, Gy. Fekete leg. ( HNHM) . SLOVENIA: LITTORAL: Bresenza [= Prešnica], 21.vi.1945, 1 ♀ ( MSNV) ; Heidenschaft [= Ajdovščina], 5.vi.1913, 1 ♀, Springer leg. ( MSNM) ; Predmeja , 9.vii.1933, 1 ♂, Springer leg. ( MSNM) ; Schön-pass [= Šempas ], 16.vii.1910, 1 ♂, Springer leg. ( MSNM). UPPER CARNIOLIA: Bled env., 2003, 2 ♀♀, M. Sieber leg. ( FFCJ) ; Koritno-Saya , 23.vii.1996, 1 ♂, B. Drovenik leg. ( DSCR) ; Wochein [= Bohinj], 1 ♀, Schmidl leg. ( MSNV) . SWITZERLAND: BERN: Grindelwald, 1 spec. unsexed, Haag leg. ( HNHM). FRIBOURG: Gruyères, 1 ♂, De Buffévent leg. ( MNHN). GENEVA: Chancy, 3.v.1959, 1 ♂, C. Besuchet leg. ( MHNG). GRAUBÜNDEN: Unter Engadin [valley], Tarasp, Anfang [= beginning of] vi.1905, 1 spec. unsexed ( NMPC). VAUD: Cheserex, 10.iii.1939, 1 ♂, E. Roman leg. ( MNHN) ; Chesières , 7.–13.vi.1897, 1 ♂ ( NMPC) ; Chesières , 22.–24.v.1899, 1 spec. unsexed ( NMPC). ZÜRICH: Zürich, 24.–29.vi.1901, 1 spec. unsexed ( NMPC) . UKRAINE: VOLYN: Olyka , 1 ♀, Biró leg. ( HNHM). ASIA: TURKEY: ANKARA: Beynam , 28.vi.1947, 1 ♂, National Museum Prague expedition ( NMPC).

Differential diagnosis. Oulema rufocyanea differs from O. melanopus and O. duftschmidi in wider elytra (elytral length/width ratio 1.71–1.87 in O. rufocyanea , 1.87–2.05 in O. melanopus and O. duftschmidi ), shorter antennomeres V and VII with length/width ratio about 1.9 and 1.7 respectively (more than 2.0 in O. melanopus and O. duftschmidi ) (cf. Figs 11–13 ) and shorter protarsomere I (length/width ratio 1.30–1.60 in O. rufocyanea , 1.65–2.00 in O. melanopus and O. duftschmidi ). Additionally, elytra are often of dark pure blue metallic colour in O. rufocyanea , while elytra of O. melanopus and O. duftschmidi are of slightly paler blue. In absolute measurements, O. rufocyanea is, on average, smaller (4.0–4.6 mm) with shorter antennae (2.2–2.4 mm), while O. melanopus and O. duftschmidi are larger ( O. melanopus 4.5–6.2 mm, O. duftschmidi 4.2–5.7 mm) with longer antennae (2.3–3.1 mm).

Based on the habitus, it is impossible to separate Oulema rufocyanea and O. mauroi sp. nov. Both species share widely overlapping absolute measurements and ratios (see Tab. 1 ). They differ in the structure of flagellum which is extremely thin in O. mauroi sp. nov. but more robust in O. rufocyanea . It is necessary to note that the shape of flagellum of O. rufocyanea slightly varies throughout its range. Variation includes the degree of bend in lateral view and the width of basal part in dorsal view (for examples see Figs 19–21 ). The proximal part of ductus spermathecae in O. rufocyanea forms one simple coil, distal part is gradually slightly extended towards bursa copulatrix. In O. mauroi sp. nov. the proximal part of ductus spermathecae has three coils and distal part is slightly extended in the middle ( Figs 28–29 ). Oulema rufocyanea differs from Oulema verae sp. nov. in the basal margin of pronotum, which is widely darkened in the latter, and in the shapes of flagellum and spermathecal structure.

Host plants. Unknown. The only host plants, Lamium spp. (Lamiaceae) , were published by ROZNER & ROZNER (2008) from Macedonia. However, as other species of this group are associated with Poaceae , the occurrence on Lamium is uncertain and should be verified.

Comments. All taxonomical and nomenclatural problems concerning O. rufocyanea are described above in introduction and results.

Distribution. Europe: Austria (present paper), Bosnia and Herzegovina ( GRUEV 2005, present paper), Bulgaria (present paper), Croatia ( GRUEV 2005, present paper), Czech Republic (BEDĚK 2003, present paper), France (present paper), Germany (present paper), Greece (present paper), Hungary ( POZSGAI & SÁRINGER 2004, present paper), Italy ( GRUEV 2005, present paper), Kosovo (present paper), Macedonia ( ROZNER & ROZNER 2008, present paper), Montenegro (present paper), Netherlands ( WINKELMAN & BEENEN 2010), Romania ( MAICAN 2005, present paper), Serbia ( GRUEV 2005), Slovakia ( BEZDĚK 2003, present paper), Slovenia (present paper), Switzerland (present paper), Ukraine (present paper). Asia: Turkey (present paper). In the Palaearctic Catalogue ( SCHMITT 2010), O. rufocyanea is listed also from Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Poland, and Sweden. The occurrence in Belgium is possible due to the confirmed specimens in adjacent countries. The occurrence in Ireland is probably based on misidentification; COX (2007) shows the data on O. melanopus for Ireland only. Also the distribution in Denmark and Sweden is doubtful and probably based on misidentification with O. duftschmidi . The occurrence of O. rufocyanea in Poland needs verification as the only existing old record is doubtful ( BOROWIEC et al. 2011).

Figures

Figs 1–5. Male habitus: 1 – Oulema duftschmidi (Retdenbacher, 1874) (4.6 mm); 2 – O. melanopus (Linnaeus, 1758) (4.5 mm); 3 – O. rufocyanea (Suffrian, 1847) (4.2 mm); 4 – O. mauroi sp. nov., holotype (4.4 mm); 5 – O. verae sp. nov., holotype (4.0mm).

Figs 6–15. Male pronotum:6 – Oulema duftschmidi (Redtenbacher, 1874); 7 – O. melanopus (Linnaeus, 1758); 8 – O. rufocyanea (Suffrian, 1847); 9 – O. mauroi sp. nov.; 10 – O. verae sp. nov. Left male antenna: 11 – O. duftschmidi; 12 – O. melanopus; 13 – O. rufocyanea; 14 – O. mauroi sp. nov.; 15 – O. verae sp. nov..

Figs 16–23. Flagellum of aedeagus in lateral (upper) and dorsal (below) view: 16 – Oulema duftschmidi (Redtenbacher, 1874); 17 – O. melanopus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Czech Republic); 18 – O. melanopus (Suffrian, 1847) (Spain); 19 – O. rufocyanea (Slovakia); 20 – O. rufocyanea (Hungary); 21 –O. rufocyanea (Italy); 22 – O. mauroi sp. nov.; 23 – O. verae sp. nov. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.

Figs 26–30. Spermatheca and ductus spermathecae: 26 – Oulema duftschmidi (Redtenbacher, 1874); 27 – O. melanopus (Linnaeus, 1758); 28 – O. rufocyanea (Suffrian, 1847); 29 – O. mauroi sp. nov.; 30 – O. verae sp. nov. Scale bar: 0.25 mm.