Setaphyes kielensis (Zelinka, 1928)

Neuhaus, Birger, Lu, Borong, Yamasaki, Hiroshi & González-Casarrubios, Alberto, 2023, Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae), Zootaxa 5343 (5), pp. 439-470 : 456-460

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5343.5.2

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2E48E826-9DB3-45C3-B231-CBB84B725119

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8349228

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F6548788-9912-FF86-FF33-FB4474BAFF6E

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Setaphyes kielensis
status

 

Infestation of Setaphyes kielensis View in CoL

In the material collected in May 1998, 27 out of 69 specimens of Setyphyes kielensis (= 39 %) were infested by 106 specimens of Trematosoma husselae sp. nov. ( Table 2 View TABLE 2 ). A kinorhynch hosted 1– 15 specimens of suctorian ciliates, on average 4 specimens ( Table 2 View TABLE 2 ). The vast majority occurred on the ventral side of the basibionts (80 %): the rate attached to the ventral side of basibionts was particularly high on segment 1 (19 % of all attached T. husselae sp. nov.), segment 3 (12 %), and on segments 8 and 9 (8–9 %). Neither Cothurnia buetschlii nor filamentous bacteria were found on the kinorhynchs collected in 1998.

In the material collected in June 2016, 202 specimens of Trematosoma husselae sp. nov. were found on 20 out of 23 S. kielensis mounted for light microscopy and 397 ciliates on 21 specimens mounted for SEM, in total 599 specimens ( Tables 3 View TABLE 3 , 4 View TABLE 4 ). It should be kept in mind that the kinorhynchs were mounted with one side (usually the lateral side) on the SEM stub, so potential epibionts on this side could not be observed, and the number of epibionts might be slightly higher ( Table 3 View TABLE 3 ). One kinorhynch revealed no epibionts ( ZMB 12455 View Materials , SEM). It was extremely dirty and may have been dead at the time of collecting, therefore, it was excluded from the further analysis .

A kinorhynch collected in June 2016 hosted 1– 43 specimens of Trematosoma husselae sp. nov., on average 15 specimens ( Tables 3 View TABLE 3 , 4 View TABLE 4 ). Most epibionts concentrated on the ventral side of their basibionts (82 %) and here especially on segment 1 (17 % of basibionts) and on segments 8–10 (11–13 %; Tables 3 View TABLE 3 , 4 View TABLE 4 ). Only 5 % of T. husselae sp. nov. occurred on segment 2, whereas the remaining segments revealed a balanced distribution of 7–9 %. A single suctorian epibiont was found on segment 11 of a single kinorhynch.

Nine specimens of Cothurnia buetschlii were found on five S. kielensis out of 24 specimens mounted for light microscopy and five specimens on two kinorhynchs out of 21 specimens mounted for SEM ( ZMB 12486–12489 View Materials , 12468 View Materials , 12499 View Materials ; Figs 7–9 View FIGURE 7 View FIGURE 8 View FIGURE 9 ; Tables 3 View TABLE 3 , 4 View TABLE 4 ) .

Filamentous prokaryote epibionts occurred in 18 out of 42 specimens of S. kielensis , not all of them carrying ciliate epibionts ( Tables 3 View TABLE 3 , 4 View TABLE 4 ). A species of coccoid prokaryotes arranged in a row was traced only once ( ZMB 12486 View Materials ; Fig. 5J View FIGURE 5 ; Table 4 View TABLE 4 ) .

TABLE 3. Number of Trematosoma husselae sp. nov. and Cothurnia buetschlii (indicated by C.) on the trunk segments of adult Setaphyes kielensis, SEM specimens, collected 2016. Abbreviations: *, attachment site of a detached suctorian or Cothurnia-like ciliate, not counted; *?, attachment site questionable, not counted; C.:, Cothurnia buetschlii; d, dorsal; fil. epib., filamentous prokaryotic epibionts; Totalsuctorians, total amount of suctorians; v, ventral.

Basibiont, sex Segment ZMB 12454 ♀ / ♁? ZMB 12456 ♀ ZMB 12457 ♁ ZMB 12458 ♁ ZMB 12460 ♀ ZMB 12461 ♁ ZMB 12462 ♁ ZMB 12463 ♁ ZMB 12464 ♀ ZMB 12465 ♀ ZMB 12467 ♀ ZMB 12468 ♁ ZMB 12469 ♀ ZMB 12470 ♁ ZMB 12471 ♀ ZMB 12472 ♁ ZMB 12474 ♀ ZMB 12475 ♀ ZMB 12476 ♀ ZMB 12477 ♁ ZMB 12478 ♀
1 3v, 2d 2v, 1d 5v, 1d 2v, 1+2*d 1+1*v   5v 2v, 1d   5v, 1+1*d 1*v 2v, 1*d 4v, 1d 2v, 3d 1v 2v 1+2*?v, 2+3*?d 3+1*v, 2+1*d 2v 2v 5v, 3d
2 2v 1v 2v 2v, 1*d               1v, 1d 2v 2v, 1d 2v   1v, 1*d 4v 2v 2v, 1*?d  
3 1v   1v 3v     1v   3v, 1d 1v, 1d   1v; C.: 1v       5v 1v 2v 1v, 1d 2v, 1*?d 3v, 1d
4 1v 2v   1v         2v, 1d     2v, 2d   2v 2v 1v 1d 3v   4v 2v, 1d
5 2v 1v 1v 1v     1v 1d 1v 1v   1v, 2d; C.: 1v   2v 2v 1v 1v 6v 1v, 1d 2v 2v
6 4v 1*v 2v 1v 2v 1v 1v   2v 1v, 1d   3v; C.: 1v 1v 2v 3v   1v, 1d 5v 3v 2v 3v
7 1v   3v 2v     1v 1v 3v, 2d   1v 1v; C.: 1v   1v   1v 1v, 3d 2v 4v    
8 4v   3v 4v 1v, 2d     2v 5v 1v, 1d   3v   2v 2v 3v 2d 6v 3v, 3d 1d 2v
9 1v 1v 2v 2v     1v 1v 5v, 4d 2v, 5d   3v 1d 1v 3v, 4d 1v, 1d 1v, 1d 7v, 1d 1v 1v 2v, 2d
10 1v 1v 3v 1v     4v   5v, 2d 2d   3v   4v 4v, 3d   2v; C.: 1d 2d 2v 1v 3v, 6d
Total suctorians 22 9 23 20 6 1 14 8 36 22 1 25 9 22 26 15 19 43 24 17 35
Remarks   sperma- tophore fil. epib. fil. epib. dirty, fil. epib.     fil. epib.   dirty sperma- tophore fil. epib., C. buetschlii     dirty dirty fil. epib., C. buetschlii dirty dirty; fil. epib. fil. epib. fil. epib.

2016. Abbreviations: *, attachment site of a detached suctorian or Cothurnia -like ciliate, not counted; *?, attachment site questionable, not counted; C.:, Cothurnia buetschlii ; d,

dorsal; fil. epib., filamentous prokaryotic epibionts; Total suctorians, total amount of suctorians; v, ventral.

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