Anoano pronotalis Cachan, 1952

Kment, Petr, 2012, Redescription of the Madagascan endemic genus Anoano with a new synonymy (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52 (2), pp. 371-382 : 379-380

Anoano pronotalis Cachan, 1952

( Figs. 1 –31)

Anoano pronotalis Cachan, 1952: 375–376 , pl. XI: fig. 4 (description, figures).

Anoano Milloti Schouteden, 1954: 6–7 (description). New synonym.

Type locality. Anoano pronotalis : Madagascar, Toliara Province, Androy Region, Ambovombe (here restricted by lectotype designation) ; A. milloti : Madagascar.

Type material examined. Anoano pronotalis : LECTOTYPE (here designated): J ( Figs. 1 , 7, 12–14), ‘ MUSEUM PARIS / MADAGASCAR / RÉGION DE L´ANDROY / AMBOVOMBE / Dr J. DECORSE 1901’ [p, white label] // ‘fév.& mars / 1901’ [p, white label] // ‘ MUSEUM PARIS’ [p, white label] // ‘J’ [p, white label] // ‘ LECTOTY- PUS / ANOANO / PRONOTALIS / Cachan, 1952 / des. P. KMENT 2011 ’ [p, red label]’ ( MNHN). The specimen is pinned through scutellum.

PARALECTOTYPES: J ( Fig. 18 ), ‘TYPIS’ [p, pink label] // ‘Vohibory / M.Abadie’ [hw] / (reverse) ‘I. S. Madagascar’ [p, white label] // ‘I. S. Madagascar [p] / Le. 20. Mai / 1941 ’ [hw, white label] // ‘ MUSEUM PARIS’ [p, white label] // ‘ Anoano / pronotalis / Cachan’ [hw, white label] // ‘J’ [p, white label] // ‘ PARALECTOTYPUS / ANOANO / PRONOTALIS / Cachan, 1952 / des. P. KMENT 2011 ’ [p, red label]’ ( MNHN). The specimen, originally pinned through pronotum, is currently glued on a rectangular card, pygophore is detached and glued to the same piece of card). – ♀ ( Figs. 2 , 10), ‘TYPIS’ [p, pink label] // ‘Vohibory / M. Abadie’ [hw] / (reverse) ‘I. S. Madagascar’ [p, white label] // ‘I. S. Madagascar [p] / Le. 20. Mai / 1941 ’ [hw, white label] // ‘ Anoano / pronotalis / Cachan’ [hw, white label] // ‘ MUSEUM PARIS’ [p, white label] // ‘ Anoano / pronotalis / n. sp. / Cachan det.’ [hw, white label] // ‘ ♀ ’ [p, white label] // ‘ PARALECTOTYPUS / ANOANO / PRONOTALIS / Cachan, 1952 / des. P. KMENT 2011 ’ [p, red label]’ ( MNHN). The specimen is pinned through pronotum; pronotum and the rest of thorax partly detached and glued together.

Anoano milloti : HOLOTYPE: ♀ ( Figs. 4 , 11, 15), ‘Fairmaire / Madagascar’ [hw, white label] // ‘HOLOTYPUS’ [p, pink label with black frame submarginally] // ‘ Anoano / cachani / Type Schout.’ [hw, white label] // ‘ HOLOTYPUS / ANOANO / MILLOTI / Schouteden, 1954 / labeled P. KMENT 2011 ’ [p, red label] // ‘ ANOANO / PRONOTALIS / Cachan, 1952 / det. P. KMENT 2012 [p, white label]’ ( NHMW). The specimen is glued on a piece of card, left pro- and mesotarsus, left hind leg (femur glued on the card), right fore and middle leg tibiae and tarsi missing, hemelytra outstretched.

Additional material examined. MADAGASCAR: ♀ (Figs. 8, 15, 26–30), ‘Madagascar Sud / Anjahantelo près / Amboasary [p] iii.1969 [hw] / Vadon et Peyrieras’ ( MNHN). – J ( Figs. 3 , 9, 17, 19–25), Morombe Region: ‘Station Agric / Bas Mangoky [p]’ // ‘Institut Scientifique Madagascar [p]’, G. M. Day 1963 det., P. Kment revid. ( MNHN). – J, ‘I. R.S.M / Madagascar Ouest / Vohibory / Mai 1941 Abadie’ [hw, white label] // ‘ Anoano / pronotalis / Cachan / Cachan det.[hw, white label]’ // ‘Brit. Mus. / 195[p]1-379 [hw, white label]’ ( BMNH). Specimen damaged, abdomen pinned upside down.According to label data the specimen belongs to the same series as both paralectotypes and the labels are handwritten by Cachan; however, the identification label states ‘ Anoano pronotalis Cachan Cachan det.’ instead of ‘ Anoano pronotalis n. sp. Cachan det.’ as on types, and CACHAN (1952) explicitly noted that all syntypes are deposited in MNHN. Therefore, the BMNH specimen is not considered a paralectotype.

Redescription. Colour ( Figs. 12–16 ). Basic coloration pale ochraceous; posterolateral margins of head, and anterior and lateral margins of pronotum slightly darker, brownish; eyes dark brown; antennal segments II–V and most of labium dark brown to black; median ridge anteriorly on pronotum whitish; median sternal furrow, abdominal spiracles, and apices of claws black. Legs, humeral angles, and pygophore covered with dense dark punctures, the dark colour here and there spreading on interspaces, so these parts appearing as more or less dark with pale spots. Membrane translucent with more or less distinct dark brown reticulation along posterior margin ( Fig. 16 ).

Puncturation. Body densely covered with concolorous to dark punctures dorsally, dark punctures concentrated especially along anterior and lateral pronotal margins, sometimes forming a pair of small symmetrical spots at base of scutellum ( Figs. 12, 15, 16 ). Head base, pleura, hypocostal lamina, legs, pygophore, and female terminalia covered with large, coarse, concolorous to dark brown punctures. Abdominal venter covered with smaller, shallow, nearly concolorous punctures ( Fig. 13 ).

Pilosity. Body bare except for antennae and tibiae bearing short semierect setae. Pygophore bearing long erect setae on lateral rim and short setae on dorsal surface of proctiger and outer portion of ventral rim ( Figs. 17, 18, 22 ).

Structure. See the generic redescription.

Measurements (minimum – maximum; mm). Males (n = 4; lectotype of A. pronotalis in parentheses): Body length 5.8–6.7 (6.6); head: length 1.5–1.65 (1.7), width 1.65–1.8 (1.7), interocular width 1.3–1.35 (1.35); length of antennal segments: I – 0.35–0.35 (0.35), II – 0.4–0.4 (0.4), III – 0.4–0.5 (0.5), IV – 0.6–0.6 (0.6), V – 0.6–0.6 (0.6); pronotum: length 1.5–1.8 (1.7), width 3.8–4.8 (4.75); scutellum: length 2.5–2.9 (2.75), width 2.2–2.7 (2.5); abdomen: width 4.0–4.85 (4.75).

Females (n = 3; holotype of A. milloti in parentheses): body length 7.3–8.3 (8.2 up to posterior margin of abdomen); head: length 1.55–1.95 (1.95), width 1.8–1.9 (1.9), interocular width 1.45–1.55 (1.55); length of antennal segments: I – 0.3–0.35 (–), II – 0.4–0.5 (0.5), III – 0.5–0.5 (0.5), IV – 0.6–0.6 (–), V – 0.7–0.7 (–); pronotum: length 1.7–1.9 (1.9), width 4.7–5.6 (5.6); scutellum: length 2.9–3.4 (3.3), width 2.6–3.0 (3.0); abdomen: width 4.7–5.55 (5.55).

Variation. The seven specimens examined differ in the body measurements, intensity of the body colouration, the colour of the punctation (especially the intensity of the dark colours, e.g., the posterior portion of pronotum may be paler in some specimens), the shape of the head outline (the lateral insinuation more or less deep; see Figs. 1–4 ), and especially in the shape of the humeral pronotal angles, which differ in all specimens examined, usually also on the left and right side of the same specimen (see Figs. 7–13, 15–16). Biology. Unknown. Distribution. The species is known from grassland areas of southern and south-western Madagascar (Fig. 31). It is interesting to note that on three of the four localities A. pronotalis co-occurs with Triplatyx dubius Jensen-Haarup, 1931 , and the type locality, Ambovombe, is also the type locality of T. bilobatus Cachan, 1952 ( CACHAN 1952; KMENT 2008, 2011). Taxonomy. SCHOUTEDEN (1954) distinguished his A. milloti from A. pronotalis by the following two characters: i) abdominal spiracles black, and ii) membrane with distinctly dark brown reticulation externally. He further mentioned that the margins of the head of A. milloti are less incised that those of A. pronotalis on figures by CACHAN (1952: Fig. 344, Pl. XI: fig. 4), and the humeral angles of the pronotum are of different structure. However, all speci- Fig. 31. Distribution of Anoano pronotalis Cachan , mens of A. pronotalis have black abdominal 1952 (T – type locality). spiracles (a character not mentioned in the original description), and the dark reticulation on the membrane as well as the outline of the head and the shape of the humeral angles are highly variable among specimens examined (see above). Therefore, A. milloti fits well within the variation range of A. pronotalis , and is regarded here as its junior synonym.

Figures

Figs. 1–6. Anoano pronotalis Cachan, 1952: 1–4 – head, dorsal view (1 – J, lectotype, Ambovombe; 2 – ♀, paralectotype, Vohibory; 3 – J, Bas Mangoky; 4 – ♀, holotype of A. milloti); 5 – head, lateral view; 6 – meso- and metapleuron (from KMENT 2008). Not to scale.

Figs. 17–22. Anoano pronotalis Cachan, 1952, pygophore (17, 19–22 – J, Bas Mangoky; 18 – J, paralectotype, Vohibory): 17–18 – dorsal view of intact pygophore; 19 – dorsal view of dissected pygophore; 20 – ventral view; 21 – posterior view; 22 – lateral view. Lettering: p – paramere. Scale: 0.5 mm.

Figs. 12–16. Anoano pronotalis Cachan, 1952: 12–14 – J, lectotype, Ambovombe (12 – dorsally, 13 – ventrally, 14 – laterally; body length 6.6 mm); 15 – ♀, Anjahantelo (7.3 mm); 16 – ♀, holotype of A. milloti (8.2 mm).