Cyanthillium montanum (C.B.Clarke) Bunwong, Chantar. & S.C.Keeley, 2014

Bunwong, Sukhonthip, Chantaranothai, Pranom & Keeley, Sterling C., 2014, Revisions and key to the Vernonieae (Compositae) of Thailand, PhytoKeys 37, pp. 25-101 : 60-61

Cyanthillium montanum (C.B.Clarke) Bunwong, Chantar. & S.C.Keeley comb. & stat. nov.

Vernonia cinerea b. montana C.B.Clarke, Comp. Ind.: 21. 1876.

Vernonia cinerea var. montana (C.B.Clarke) Kosterm., Blumea 1: 416. 1935.

Type.

India, Assam, Khasi hill (not seen). Fig. 7B .

Description.

Annual herbs, 1-2 m tall. Stems erect, conspicuously ribbed, pilose-villose. Leaves 7-8 by 2-4 cm, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, margin serrate or dentate, apex acute, base attenuate, chartaceous; upper surface puberulous glandular; lower surface villose with whip-shaped hairs, T-shaped hairs and capitate glands; lateral veins 5-7-paired; petioles up to 2 cm long. Capitulescences terminal or axillary, paniculate. Capitula narrowly campanulate, 5-7 mm long, pedunculate. Receptacle flat, 2-2.5 mm in diam., glabrous. Involucres narrowly campanulate, in 3-4 series, 5-6 mm long, 3-4 mm in diam. Phyllaries imbricate, purplish, margin piliferous, outer surface hirsute without glands; the outer and the middle ones lanceolate, acuminate; the inner ones lanceolate to oblong, apex acuminate. Florets 20-30; corollas funnelform, purple, corolla tubes 4-5 mm long; corolla lobes ca. 2 mm long. Anthers 0.5-2 mm long, apical appendage acute, base obtuse. Styles purple, 5-6 mm long, branches 1-2 mm long. Achenes clavate, 1.5-2 mm long, 5-8-ribbed, densely pubescent with twin hairs and capitate glands. Pappus in 2 series of bristles, the inner ones 5-6 mm long.

Distribution.

Thailand: Chiang Mai, Nan, Loei, Khon Kaen, Nakhon Ratchasima, Ubon Ratchathani. Laos, Myanmar, Vietnam, Indonesia (Sumatra).

Specimens examined.

Thailand, Loei, Phu Ruea national park, 17°28.29'N, 101°21.10'E, S. Bunwong 16, (KKU), S. Bunwong 62 (KKU); Chiang Mai, Mae Rim district, Pong Yang or rock town, 18°56.15'N, 98°49.36'E, 10 Dec 2007, S. Bunwong 371 (KKU, US); Doi Sutep, 22 Feb 1988, J.F. Maxwell 88-213 (CMU); Doi Sutep, 1 Aug 1958, Th. Sørensen, K. Larsen & B. Hansen 6588 (BKF, C); Doi Inthanon,8 Jan 1983, H. Koyama, H. Terao & Th. Wongprasert T-32130 (BKF); Chiangdao, 9 Feb 1983, H. Koyama, H. Terao & Th. Wongprasert T-33279 (BKF); Chiangdao, 3 Jan 1990, J.F. Maxwell 90-10 (CMU, E, L); Doi Maeya, 19 Jan 1983, H. Koyama, H. Terao & Th. Wongprasert T-32800 (BKF); Hod, 11 Jan 1983, H. Koyama, H. Terao & Th. Wongprasert T-32307 (BKF); Doi Anga, 16 Jan 1935, H.B.G. Garrett 922 (AAU, BKF E, L, P); Mae Thang, Doi Chang, 24 Oct 1979, T. Shimizu, H. Toyokuni, H. Koyama, T. Yahama & T. Santisuk T-20676 (BKF); Loei, Phu Kra Dung national park, 1 Sep 1988, H. Takahashi & M.N. Tamura T- 63331 (BKF); Phu Rue national park, 23 Dec 1982, H. Koyama, H. Terao & Th. Wongprasert T-31565 (BKF); Kanchanaburi, Bo Ploi, 8 Nov 1979, T. Shimizu, H. Toyokuni, H. Koyama, T. Yahama & C. Niyomdham T-22031 (BKF).

Diagnostic characters.

Cyanthillium montanum is separated from Cyanthillium cinereum by having villose to tomentose hairs on stems, branches, lower leaf surfaces and involucres, rather than appressed sericeous hairs. This species restricted to pine oak forest on the mountains.

Ecology.

Hill evergreen or pine-oak forest, alt. 500-1000 m; flowering October to March.

Vernacular name.

Pliw Doi (ปลิวดอย).

Figures

Figure 7. Morphology of Vernonieae in Thailand 3. A Cyanthillium cinereum B Cyanthillium montanum C Cyanthillium patulum D Decaneuropsis cumingiana E Decaneuropsis eberhardtii F Decaneuropsis garrettiana.