Geonoma maxima subsp. chelidonura (Spruce) Henderson, 2011

Henderson, Andrew, 2011, A revision of Geonoma (Arecaceae), Phytotaxa 17, pp. 1-271 : 99-100

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/phytotaxa.17.1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5609059

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA4887FA-247C-BD24-FF37-DD941BDAA042

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Geonoma maxima subsp. chelidonura (Spruce) Henderson
status

 

37d. Geonoma maxima subsp. chelidonura (Spruce) Henderson View in CoL , comb. & stat. nov.

Basionym: Geonoma chelidonura Spruce (1871: 111) View in CoL . Geonoma maxima var. chelidonura (Spruce) Henderson (1995: 279) View in CoL . Type: BRAZIL. Amazonas: Rio Uaupés, November 1852, R. Spruce 73 (holotype K!).

Geonoma tuberculata Spruce (1871: 112) View in CoL . Geonoma spruceana subsp. intermedia var. tuberculata Trail (1876: 329) View in CoL . Type: BRAZIL. Amazonas: Rio Negro, no date, R. Spruce 18 (holotype K!).

Geonoma densiflora Spruce (1871: 112) View in CoL . Type: BRAZIL. Amazonas: São Gabriel, near Gama’s sitio, March 1852, R. Spruce 30 (holotype K!).

Geonoma personata Spruce (1871: 112) View in CoL . Type: BRAZIL. Amazonas: Serra of São Gabriel, June 1852, R. Spruce 34 (holotype K!).

Geonoma densiflora var. monticola Spruce (1871: 118) View in CoL . Type: BRAZIL. Amazonas: São Gabriel, June 1852, R. Spruce 33 (holotype K!).

Geonoma spruceana Trail (1876: 328) View in CoL . Type: BRAZIL. Pará: Lago Juruty, 3 April 1874, J. Trail 1002/XXIV (holotype K!, isotype BM!).

Geonoma spruceana subsp. spruceana var. heptasticha Trail (1876: 329) View in CoL . Type: BRAZIL. Amazonas: Rio Negro at Assutuba, 6 July 1874, J. Trail 1007/XCIII (holotype K!, isotype BM!).

Geonoma spruceana subsp. intermedia View in CoL var. m ajor Trail (1876: 330). Type: BRAZIL. Amazonas: Rio Solimões, Coary, 16 October 1874, J. Trail 984/CXLIV (holotype K! isotypes BM!, NY!).

Geonoma juruana Dammer (1907: 119) View in CoL . Type: BRAZIL. Acre: Rio Juruá, Juruá-mirim, August 1901, E. Ule 5744 (holotype B, destroyed, isotypes F!, MG!).

Geonoma longisecta Burret (1930a: 257) View in CoL . Type: PERU. Loreto: Iquitos, 4 May 1925, G. Tessmann 5087 (holotype B, destroyed, isotype, NY!).

Geonoma parvisecta Burret (1930b: 1018) View in CoL . Type: BRAZIL. Amazonas: Rio Negro, São Pedro do Uaupés, 23 September 1928, P. Luetzelburg 22278 (holotype B, destroyed, isotypes M!, NY!).

Leaves undivided or irregularly pinnate (sometimes with 1-veined pinnae present), not plicate; rachis 24.7(7.3–63.0) cm long; pinnae 3(1–10) per side of rachis; basal pinna 4.3(0.2–20.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 44(10–87)° with the rachis. Inflorescences rachillae 15(4–36).

Distribution and habitat:— From 2°03’N– 11°45’S and 55°00’– 75°50’W in the central–western Amazon region of Venezuela, Colombia, Brazil, Peru, and Bolivia at 160(48–525) m elevation in lowland rainforest ( Fig. 25 View FIGURE 25 ).

This is the most variable subspecies with several local morphotypes.

Some specimens (large fruit morphotype) in the western part of the range in Peru and Colombia, especially from around Iquitos in Peru, have larger fruits (mean fruit length 14.0 mm, mean fruit diameter 11.0 mm) than those of other specimens (mean fruit length 11.0 mm, mean fruit diameter 8.2 mm).

Specimens ( parvisecta morphotype) from scattered areas in Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, and Brazil, especially in the upper Rio Negro region, often in black water river areas on sandy soils (campina, catinga), are smaller than others and often have undivided leaves. The types of Geonoma chelidonura and G. parvisecta are of this morphotype.

Most specimens (e.g., Henderson 1517, Trail 989, 991, 998, 1002, 1005, 1007)(intermediate morphotype) from the eastern part of the range in Brazil, occurring in flooded areas near the main Amazon river (várzea), have 1-veined pinnae interspersed between the wider basal and apical pinnae, and in some cases resemble the sympatric subsp. compta .

A few specimens from widely scattered localities (Balick 942, Gruezmacher 45, Kuhlmann 1237, Le Fiell 4, Moore 8428, Pipoly 15638, Prance 7596, Rimachi 10965, 11275, Rudas 3101)( densiflora morphotype) in Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, and Brazil (including an unmapped specimen, Kuhlmann 1237, from “ Tocantins ”, Pará) have thinner textured, sigmoid pinnae, few, thicker rachillae, and persistent pistillate flowers. The types of G. densiflora , G. densiflora var. m onticola, and G. personata have these kinds of leaves and inflorescences. The specimens often occur sympatrically with subsp. chelidonura and subsp. compta and may be of hybrid origin.

Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Tracheophyta

Class

Liliopsida

Order

Arecales

Family

Arecaceae

Genus

Geonoma

Loc

Geonoma maxima subsp. chelidonura (Spruce) Henderson

Henderson, Andrew 2011
2011
Loc

Geonoma longisecta

Burret, M. 1930: 257
1930
Loc

Geonoma parvisecta Burret (1930b: 1018)

Burret, M. 1930: 1018
1930
Loc

Geonoma juruana

Dammer, U. 1907: 119
1907
Loc

Geonoma spruceana

Trail, W. 1876: 328
1876
Loc

Geonoma spruceana subsp. spruceana var. heptasticha

Trail, W. 1876: 329
1876
Loc

Geonoma spruceana subsp. intermedia

Trail, W. 1876: 330
1876
Loc

Geonoma tuberculata

Trail, W. 1876: 329
Spruce R. 1871: 112
1871
Loc

Geonoma densiflora

Spruce R. 1871: 112
1871
Loc

Geonoma personata

Spruce R. 1871: 112
1871
Loc

Geonoma densiflora var. monticola

Spruce R. 1871: 118
1871
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