Sinopoda cornuta, Grall & Jäger, 2020

Grall, Elena & Jäger, Peter, 2020, Forty-seven new species of Sinopoda from Asia with a considerable extension of the distribution range to the South and description of a new species group (Sparassidae: Heteropodinae), Zootaxa 4797 (1), pp. 1-101 : 15-17

Sinopoda cornuta spec. nov.

Figs 7 a–e, 56 h–k

Type material: Holotype: male ( PJ 1821 ), INDONESIA: Northern Sulawesi, Dumoga primary forest, dry litter, 27–30 July 1982 ( RMNH).

Paratypes: 3 females ( PJ 1822–1824, SD 1619) with same data as holotype ( RMNH) .

Additional material examined: 2 subadult males (SD 1620), 6 juveniles with same data as holotype ( RMNH) .

Etymology: The species name is derived from the Latin word “cornutus, -a, -um“ meaning “horned” referring to the horn-shaped glandular appendages of the female; term in apposition.

Diagnosis: Males of S. cornuta spec. nov. are similar to those of S. stellatops Jäger & Ono, 2002 in having a proximally widened tegulum covering the embolus base. They can be distinguished from the latter species by 1. four anterior cheliceral teeth (three in S. stellatops ), 2. spermophore curved (straight in S. stellatops ), 3. embolus with wide tip in lateral view (embolus with slender tip in lateral view in S. stellatops ), 4. embolic apophysis narrower and shorter than embolus (embolic apophysis wider and longer than embolus in S. stellatops ) and 5. RTA with vRTA tapering, dRTA straight (vRTA rounded and short, dRTA curved and bent ventro-distally in S. stellatops ).

Females of S. cornuta spec. nov. are similar to those of S. scurion in having the glandular appendages situated ventrally, only visible in ventral view, and a lobal septum with median indentation anteriorly. They can be distinguished from the latter by 1. four anterior cheliceral teeth (three in S. scurion ), 2. eight eyes (eyes absent in S. scurion), 3. prosoma and opisthosoma yellowish-brown (prosoma and opisthosoma pale yellowish-white in S. scurion ) and 4. glandular appendages horn-shaped (straight in S. scurion ).

Description: Male (holotype): Total length 4.00; prosoma 2.00 long, 1.95 wide, anterior width of prosoma 1.10; opisthosoma 2.00 long, 1.20 wide. Eye measurements: AME 0.11; ALE 0.20; PME 0.12; PLE 0.25; AME– AME 0.13; AME–ALE 0.03; PME–PME 0.16; PME–PLE 0.19; AME–PME 0.23; ALE–PLE 0.21; clypeus AME 0.16; clypeus ALE 0.11. Leg formula: 2431. Measurements of palp and legs: palp: 2.95 (0.90, 0.50, 0.60, 0.95); I: 8.15 (2.10, 1.00, 2.20, 2.00, 0.85); II: 9.75 (2.60, 1.10, 2.70, 2.50, 0.85); III: 8.20 (2.30, 0.90, 2.20, 2.10, 0.70); IV:

8.45 (2.40, 0.70, 2.20, 2.35, 0.80). Spination: palp: 131, 101, 2111; legs: Fe I–III 323, IV 331; Pa I–IV 000; Ti I 2026, II& IV 2126, III 2226; Mt I–II 1016, III–IV 3036. Cheliceral furrow with 4–5 promarginal teeth and 4 retromarginal teeth.

Colouration in ethanol: Prosoma yellow with a brown patch with dark brown stripes, lateral parts brown, anteriorly with brown spot around PLE. Sternum yellowish-white. Opisthosoma yellow, lateral part brown with yellow spots, ventrally yellowish-white. Chelicerae yellow with brown stripes. Palps yellow. Legs yellow; Fe distally increasingly brown, medially with brown band, laterally light brown, brown spot on proximal prolateral spine, Pa laterally light brown, Ti distally and proximally brown, Mt IV distally brown.

Palp as in diagnosis. Embolic apophysis straight and slender. Tegulum proximally bent prolaterally. Spermophore distinctly S-shaped in ventral view. Conductor short, arising from 1-o’clock-position. vRTA shorter than dRTA, straight. dRTA in retrolateral view tapering and proximal part wider than distal part.

Description: Female (paratype): Total length 4.50; prosoma 2.10 long, 1.90 wide, anterior width of prosoma 1.20; opisthosoma 2.40 long, 1.50 wide. Eye measurements: AME 0.10; ALE 0.19; PME 0.12; PLE 0.24; AME– AME 0.15; AME–ALE 0.03; PME–PME 0.17; PME–PLE 0.26; AME–PME 0.22; ALE–PLE 0.23; clypeus AME 0.14; clypeus ALE 0.11. Leg formula: 24(31). Measurements of palp and legs: palp: 3.05 (0.85, 0.50, 0.70, 1.00); I: 7.10 (1.90, 0.90, 1.90, 1.70, 0.70); II: 8.30 (2.30, 1.05, 2.25, 2.00, 0.70); III: 7.10 (2.00, 0.85, 1.85, 1.70, 0.70); IV: 7.65 (2.15, 0.80, 2.00, 2.00, 0.70). Spination: palp: 131, 101, 2121, 1014; legs: Fe I–III 323, IV 331; Pa I–IV 000; Ti I–II 1016, III 2026, IV 2226; Mt I–II 0006, III–IV 3036. Cheliceral furrow with 4 anterior and 4 posterior teeth.

Colouration in ethanol: Prosoma yellow with a brown patch with dark brown stripes, lateral part brown, anteriorly with brown spot around PLE. Sternum yellow. Opisthosoma yellow, lateral and anterior part brown with yellow spots, ventrally yellowish-white with brown spots laterally. Chelicerae yellowish-brown with brown stripes. Palps yellow; Fe, Pa and Ti distally brown. Legs yellow; Fe distally increasingly brown, medially with brown band, laterally light brown, brown spot on proximal prolateral spine, Pa pro- and retrolaterally brown, Ti distally and proximally brown, Mt distally light brown.

Copulatory organ as in diagnosis. Epigynal field wider than long, without anterior bands and slit sensilla. Epigynal pockets running from latero-posterior to medio-anterior. Lateral lobes fused. Lobal septum wide. Fusion bubbles arranged medially and posteriorly at a longitudinal line at epigyne. Internal duct system longer than wide. Glandular appendages extending only in anterior half of internal duct system. Spermathecae simple with additional median rims bulging medially, running parallel and fused along median line. Fertilization ducts arising posteriorly, short.

Variation: Female (n=2): Total length 5.00–5.20; prosoma 2.20–2.40 long, 1.95–2.10 wide, anterior width of prosoma 1.30; opisthosoma 2.80 long, 2.20 wide. Measurements leg IV: total length 8.00–8.30, Fe 2.20–2.30, Pa 0.80–0.90, Ti 2.10, Mt 2.20, Ta 0.70–0.80.

Distribution: Known only from the type locality.

Figures

FIGURES 7 a–e. Sinopoda cornuta spec. nov., holotype male and paratype female from Dumoga. a–c left male palp (a prolateral, b ventral, c retrolateral); d Epigyne, ventral; e Vulva, dorsal.